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نتیجه جستجو - Road transport

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 13
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 CO2 reduction through digital transformation in long-haul transportation : Institutional entrepreneurship to unlock product-service system innovation
کاهش CO2 از طریق تحول دیجیتال در حمل و نقل طولانی مدت: کارآفرینی نهادی برای باز کردن قفل نوآوری سیستم خدمات کالا-2020
Industrial firms seek to develop offerings that can reduce their negative ecological impact while still being economically viable. Initial studies of these offerings focused on the what and the why. Only recently have studies addressed how to pursue these efforts. The literature generally ignores the underlying mechanisms of how such offerings are created and operated. This paper reports a longitudinal case study of an industrial firms innovative offering. This offering combines heavy duty vehicles and related services for long-haul transportation. It enables road transportation firms to reduce fuel consumption by one quarter and thereby cut CO2 emissions and fuel costs. A multi-theoretical investigation of that offering contributes to the literature by providing: (i) a rich characterization of an industrial organizations offering that combines economic viability with a much lower negative environmental impact; (ii) a chain of underlying mechanisms that enable such an offering to emerge, including activation of institutional entrepreneurship for industrial entrepreneurship; and (iii) an articulation of the value of using multi-theoretical inquiries of ecological industrial offerings instead of seeking a new isolated theory.
Keywords: Ecological sustainability | Industrial entrepreneurship | Institutional entrepreneurship | Digital technology value | Digital transformation | Servitization
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Simulation-based multi-objective model for supply chains with disruptions in transportation
شبیه سازی مبتنی بر مدل چند هدفه برای زنجیره تامین با اختلال در حمل و نقل-2017
Unpredictable disruptions (e.g., accidents, traffic conditions, among others) in supply chains (SCs) mo tivate the development of decision tools that allow designing resilient routing strategies. The transpor tation problem, for which a model is proposed in this paper, consists of minimizing the stochastic transportation time and the deterministic freight rate. This paper extends a stochastic multi-objective minimum cost flow (SMMCF) model by proposing a novel simulation-based multi-objective optimization (SimMOpt) solution procedure. A real case study, consisting of the road transportation of perishable agricultural products from Mexico to the United States, is presented and solved using the proposed SMMCF-Continuous/SimMOpt solution framework. In this case study, time variability is caused by the inspection of products at the U.S.-Mexico border ports of entry. The results demonstrate that this fra mework is effective and overcomes the limitations of the multi-objective stochastic minimum cost flow problem (which becomes intractable for large-scale instances).
Keywords: Minimum cost flow | Simulated annealing | Simulation optimization | Stochastic multi-objective optimization | Resilient supply chains
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Micro and Macro modelling approaches for the evaluation of the carbon impacts of transportation
روشهای مدل سازی میکرو و ماکرو برای ارزیابی اثرات حمل و نقل کربن-2017
To quantify CO2 emissions from road transport, literature suggests the adoption of several alternative methods, based on transport modelling and carbon modules. Some of these methods are labelled as a micro approach and others as a macro approach. Their distinction is made according to the temporal and spatial horizons, the aim of the study and the degree of accuracy required. This paper presents these methods and discusses their appropriateness, whereby special focus is laid on the potential of the micro approach on ICT, based on a literature review of several European projects. We conclude that the adoption of the micro approach, is quite promising – mostly at the urban level, despite the computational efforts required and the technical difficulties to model driver behaviors. Thus, further research is required to overcome the numerous sources of scientific uncertainties.
Keywords: transportation | CO2 emissions | micro modelling |macro modelling | ICT
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Impact of congestion on greenhouse gas emissions for road transport in Mumbai metropolitan region
تاثیر تراکم بر انتشار گازهای گلخانه ای برای حمل و نقل جاده ای در منطقه شهری بمبئی-2017
Traffic congestion on roads not only increases the fuel consumption but consequently leads to increase in carbon dioxide emissions, outdoor air pollution as well as increase in the exposure time of the passengers. We analyse the greenhouse gas emissions for road transport sector in Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) using fuel consumption and the vehicle kilometre travelled methods. In addition, by conducting traffic survey on four major roads in MMR, the congestion factor was established to estimate the share of greenhouse gas emissions from the road transport sector that can be attributed to traffic congestion.
Keywords: Mumbai | greenhouse gas emissions | traffic congestion
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Analysis of stressors’ interconnectedness: a pathway for cumulative effects assessment of an urban road transport system in Dhaka
تجزیه و تحلیل ارتباطات متقابل تنشزا: مسیری برای ارزیابی اثرات تجمعی یک سیستم حمل ونقل جاده ای شهری در داکا-2017
Cumulative effects assessment (CEA) is an integrated analytical approach that considers the stressors’ (factors affecting the system) connectivity in generating effects. Therefore CEA can be a potential analytical approach for sustainability analysis of the urban road transport system, the quality (environmental, social and economic) of which is governed by its components (stressors of transport system). The study aimed at incorporating digraph theory and matrix analysis in analysing the connectedness among the stressors, which is the central phase in the pathway of CEA to more accurately reflect what normally happens in a system when all of the stressors operate simultaneously.
Keywords: cumulative effects assessment | interconnected stressors | digraph-theory and matrix approach | road transport system | Dhaka city | Bangladesh
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Problems associated with the emissions limitations from road transport in the Lubuskie Province (Poland)
مشکلات مرتبط به محدودیت انتشار گازهای گلخانه ای از حمل و نقل جاده ای در استان لووبوسی (لهستان)-2017
According to the report of the World Health Organization (WHO) on the list of 50 cities with the most polluted air in Europe as many as 33 are located in Poland. All the cities that are on the list exceed the maximum concentration of dust recommended by WHO at least three times. In the Lubuskie Province there is a very serious problem of maintaining good air quality. The air in Poland is among the most polluted in the European Union and this also applies to less-industrialized areas, such as Lubuskie, where the concentration levels of substances hazardous to human health and the environment are recorded as exceeded. One of the main factors affecting the poor air quality in the region is road transport. It is not just a problem near roads with heavy traffic, but also applies to the cities, where there is a large movement of cars, which are often old and do not meet current environmental standards. This article aims to identify the main sources of low emission from road transport and identify potential solutions to help reduce emission from this sector. The actions aimed at limiting low emission from road transport can bring a significant positive ecological effect. The aim of this article is to review one of the main sources of low emission in the province of Lubuskie, which is transportation. Moreover, the authors of the paper indicate the main problems associated with the emission coming from road transport and describe the possibilities for opportunities to reduce pollution from this sector. In addition, the article presents the three-scenario simulation of annual emissions from passenger cars that could take place in 2020.
Keywords: Economy | Road transport | Ecology | Low emission | Simulations
مقاله انگلیسی
7 سیستم های حمل و نقل هوشمند (ITS) مبتنی بر وسایل نقلیه پروازی بدون سرنشین (UAV) برای شهر هوشمند: کاربردها و چالش ها
سال انتشار: 2017 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 7 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 20
شهر هوشمند بدون سیستم حمل و نقل قابل اعتماد و کارآمد می تواند وجود داشته باشد. این امر مهم ، ITS را به یک مولفه اصلی در هر شهر هوشمند تبدیل می سازد. در حالی که فناوری های ITS قدیمی در سراسر جهان در شهرهای هوشمند نصب هستند، ولی باعث می شوند که نسل بعدی ITS به یکپارچه سازی خودروهای متصل و خودکار یعنی دو فناوری که تحت آزمایش گسترده میدانی در بسیاری از شهرهای سراسر جهان قرار دارند، متکی باشد. حتی اگرچه این دو فناوری در فراهم کردن سیستم های حمل و نقل کاملا خودکار ، مهم هستند، اما، هنوز یک الزام مهم برای خودکار کردن اجزای جاده و حمل و نقل، وجود دارد. به همین منظور، به علت جابجایی ، عملیات خودکار ، و قابلیت های مخابراتی و پردازشی، UAV ها در بسیاری از حوزه های کاربردی ITS پیش بینی شده است. این مقاله، کاربردهای ITS را ارائه می دهد که می توانند از UAV استفاده کرده و چالش ها برای ITS مبتنی بر UAV برای شهرهای هوشمند نسل بعدی را نیز شهر هوشمند بدون سیستم حمل و نقل قابل اعتماد و کارآمد می تواند وجود داشته باشد. این امر مهم ، ITS را به یک مولفه اصلی در هر شهر هوشمند تبدیل می سازد. در حالی که فناوری های ITS قدیمی در سراسر جهان در شهرهای هوشمند نصب هستند، ولی باعث می شوند که نسل بعدی ITS به یکپارچه سازی خودروهای متصل و خودکار یعنی دو فناوری که تحت آزمایش گسترده میدانی در بسیاری از شهرهای سراسر جهان قرار دارند، متکی باشد. حتی اگرچه این دو فناوری در فراهم کردن سیستم های حمل و نقل کاملا خودکار ، مهم هستند، اما، هنوز یک الزام مهم برای خودکار کردن اجزای جاده و حمل و نقل، وجود دارد. به همین منظور، به علت جابجایی ، عملیات خودکار ، و قابلیت های مخابراتی و پردازشی، UAV ها در بسیاری از حوزه های کاربردی ITS پیش بینی شده است. این مقاله، کاربردهای ITS را ارائه می دهد که می توانند از UAV استفاده کرده و چالش ها برای ITS مبتنی بر UAV برای شهرهای هوشمند نسل بعدی را نیز معرفی می کند.معرفی می کند.
کليدواژگان: شهرهاي هوشمند | حوادث | حمل و نقل جاده | اجرای قانون | سیستم های حمل و نقل هوشمند | مناطق شهری
مقاله ترجمه شده
8 Methodology to Assess the Effects of ICT-measures on Emissions: The Case Study of Madrid
روش شناسی برای ارزیابی تاثیرات فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات بر میزان انتشار: مطالعه موردی مادرید-2017
The road transportation sector is one of the largest emitters of Greenhouse Gases, which triggered the climate change. Much effort is dedicated to reduce the emissions, highlighting the use of Information and Communication Technologies. In this framework, the ICT-Emissions project has developed the methodology necessary to estimate the effects of ICT-measures on emissions. Based on this methodology, this paper presents the results of the measures tested in the case study of Madrid: Section Speed Control, Variable Speed Limits, Cruise Control, Eco-Driving and Green Navigation. Some of the measures have been analysed with real Floating Car Data, comparing the fuel consumption before and after implementing the ICT-measures. On the other hand, Green Navigation results are based only in simulation. Although the level of analysis is different for each of the tested measures, the results show positive values in terms of CO2 emission reductions and prove the applicability of the ICT Emissions methodology.
Keywords: GHG emissions | ICT-measures | Floating Car Data | traffic simulation | emission simulation
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Evaluation of Functional Efficiency of Automated Traffic Enforcement Systems
ارزیابی بهره وری تابعی سیستم های اجرای ترافیک خودکار-2017
Traffic safety is a characteristic feature of road transport systems. Road traffic safety is regarded as a difficult challenge which requires a system approach to the management of the road traffic system and its functional features like variability of the structure of the street and road network and its technical condition, complexity of the hierarchical structure of road transport systems and technologies exploited in them. The research resulted in a model of functioning of automated traffic enforcement facilities and identified the factors which affect the effective functioning of automated traffic enforcement facilities which were used to develop the dependencies regarding the number of accidents to evaluate the effectiveness of traffic enforcement cameras.
Keywords: Automated traffic enforcement system | traffic safety | mathematic model | correlation and regression analysis | functional efficiency
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Motorcycle detection for ADAS through camera and V2V Communication, a comparative analysis of two modern technologies
تشخیص موتور سیکلت برای ADAS از طریق دوربین و ارتباطات V2V، تجزیه و تحلیل تطبیقی دو تکنولوژی مدرن-2017
Article history:Received 22 August 2016Revised 24 January 2017Accepted 25 January 2017Available online 25 January 2017Keywords:V2Vcomputer vision ADASMotorcycles are one of the most dangerous means of transportation. Its death toll is higher than in oth- ers, due to the inherent vulnerability of motorcycle drivers. The latest strategies in Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS) are trying to mitigate this problem by applying the advances of modern tech- nologies to the road transport. This paper presents two different approaches on motorcycle protection, based on two of the most modern available technologies in ADAS, i.e. Computer Vision and Vehicle to Vehicle Communication (V2V). The first approach is based on data fusion of Laser Scanner and Com- puter Vision, providing accurate obstacle detection and localization based on laser scanner, and obstacle classification using computer vision and laser. The second approach is based on ad-hoc V2V technology and provides detection in case of occlusion for visual sensors. Both technologies have been tested in the presented work, and a performance comparison is given. Tests performed in different driving situations allows to measure the performance of every algorithm and the limitations of each of them based on em- pirical and scientific foundations. The conclusions of the presented work help foster of expert systems in the automotive sector by providing further discussion of the viability and impact from each of these systems in real scenarios.© 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: V2V | computer vision | ADAS
مقاله انگلیسی
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