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نتیجه جستجو - SEM

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 1333
ردیف عنوان نوع
71 Technology-enabled knowledge management for community healthcare workers: The effects of knowledge sharing and knowledge hiding
مدیریت دانش دانش تکنولوژی برای کارکنان بهداشت و درمان جامعه: اثرات به اشتراک گذاری دانش و پنهان کردن دانش-2021
The objective of this study is to explore different facet (dark and bright sides) of technology-enabled knowledge management (KM) for rural lay healthcare workers who belong to the bottom of pyramid (BoP) population in India. Data were collected through multiple rounds of engagements and semi-structured interviews with 37 Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs). Findings indicate the existence of spirals of value that are shaped by KM practices in such settings. Technology-enabled KM through knowledge-sharing is supporting an upward spiral of value creation at three different levels, i.e., the micro-level in the form of empowerment of ASHAs, the meso-level in the form of better healthcare for the rural Indian population, and the macro-level in the form of an effective public health policy outcome as envisioned by the government. Contrary to the technology-enabled KM through knowledge-sharing, technology-enabled KM through knowledge-hiding is eroding value resulting in failed attempts to use technology and reduced self-efficacy of ASHAs at the micro level. Technology-enabled KM through knowledge-hiding at the macro level is promoting stratification and marginalization within rural communities in India. Study leaves key implications for healthcare researchers, policymakers and businesses.
keywords: بهداشت روستایی | فعالان بهداشت اجتماعی | اقتصادهای نوظهور | تحقیق کیفی | پنهان کردن دانش | به اشتراک گذاری دانش | هندوستان | Rural healthcare | Social health activists | Emerging economies | Qualitative research | Knowledge-hiding | Knowledge-sharing | India
مقاله انگلیسی
72 A hybrid modeling approach for green and sustainable closed-loop supply chain considering price, advertisement and uncertain demands
یک روش مدل سازی ترکیبی برای زنجیره تامین حلقه بسته سبز و پایدار با در نظر گرفتن قیمت ، تبلیغات و تقاضاهای نامشخص-2021
The closed-loop supply chain network design (CLSCND) has garnered a lot of attention since it can handle economic and environmental issues. Likewise, supply chain coordination (SCC) tools can play an important role in enhancing the performance of the supply chains. This paper proposes a new hybrid method, in which SCC decisions and CLSCND objectives are simultaneously involved. First, this approach makes price, greenness, and advertisement decisions, and then it aims at maximizing profit and minimizing CO2 emission. A new nonlinear programming (NLP) model is developed based on the sensitivity of the return rate to green quality and the customers’ maximum tolerance, while the demands are uncertain. In order to overcome the uncertain demands, a robust optimization (RO) model is used. A Lagrangian relaxation algorithm is also employed to solve large-scale instances in a logical running time. The applicability of the proposed approach is corroborated through several examples. The results indicate an improvement in the performance of economic and environmental objectives under greening and advertising decisions. Furthermore, the proposed RO model outperforms the model that does not consider a robust approach.
Keywords: Closed-loop supply chain | Supply chain coordination | Supply chain network design | Robust optimization | Lagrangian relaxation | Uncertain demand
مقاله انگلیسی
73 Defect detection and quantification in electroluminescence images of solar PV modules using U-net semantic segmentation
تشخیص و تعیین کمبود در تصاویر الکترولومینسانس ماژول های PV خورشیدی با استفاده از تقسیم بندی معنایی U-net-2021
Electroluminescence (EL) images enable defect detection in solar photovoltaic (PV) modules that are otherwise invisible to the naked eye, much the same way an x-ray enables a doctor to detect cracks and fractures in bones. The prevalence of multiple defects, e.g. micro cracks, inactive regions, gridline defects, and material defects, in PV module can be quantified with an EL image. Modern, deep learning tech- niques for computer vision can be applied to extract the useful information contained in the images on entire batches of PV modules. Defect detection and quantification in EL images can improve the efficiency and the reliability of PV modules both at the factory by identifying potential process issues and at the PV plant by identifying and reducing the number of faulty modules installed. In this work, we train and test a semantic segmentation model based on the u-net architecture for EL image analysis of PV modules made from mono-crystalline and multi-crystalline silicon wafer-based solar cells. This work is focused on developing and testing a deep learning method for computer vision that is independent of the equipment used to generate the EL images, independent of the wafer-based module design, and independent of the image quality.© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Electroluminescence | EL | PV | U-net | Semantic segmentation | Machine learning
مقاله انگلیسی
74 The Reinvented accounting firm office: Impression management for efficiency, client relations and cost control
اداره حسابداری مجتمع: مدیریت تصفیه برای بهره وری، روابط مشتری و کنترل هزینه-2021
The office has become a large scale organisational phenomenon accommodating large numbers of organisational employees most often housed in open plan and Activity Based Working settings that arguably resemble the new factory. This study examines contemporary Big 4 accounting firm office design innovations and their representation with a view to eliciting their claimed rationales, reflections of historical office design and management thinking, and apparent strategic agendas with respect to office efficiency, client relations and cost control involved in their offering of professional services. In doing so, it also explores the implications that public practice firms office design may have for auditor independence and audit quality. Informed by Goffmans theories of impression management, the study employs historical and website analysis, finding a predominant firm focus on office efficiency and client relations with an undercurrent of cost reduction and revenue enhancement aspirations. While represented as innovative current office design and work pattern developments, public practice accounting firm office innovations and intentions are found to significantly reflect historical office design and management thinking, with dramaturgical circumspection of floor designs and props oriented towards creating front stage performances predesigned for clients impression management. Where backstage redesign and frame breaking does not produce desired employee performance changes, some signs of retreating to more traditional floor redesign and territorial marker usage are evident. The study also signals the potential for innovative accounting firm office designs to carry some significant impacts upon audit independence and audit quality.
keywords: بزرگ 4 حسابداری | مدیون | طرح باز | از امکان پذیر است | روابط مشتری | کنترل هزینه | استقلال حسابرسی | کیفیت حسابرسی | Big 4 accounting firms | ABW | Open plan office | Office efficiency | Client relations | Cost control | Audit independence | Audit quality
مقاله انگلیسی
75 Touching events predict human action segmentation in brain and behavior
پیش بینی تقسیم بندی عملکرد انسان را در مغز و رفتار با رویدادهای لمسی-2021
Recognizing the actions of others depends on segmentation into meaningful events. After decades of research in this area, it remains still unclear how humans do this and which brain areas support underlying processes. Here we show that a computer vision-based model of touching and untouching events can predict human behavior in segmenting object manipulation actions with high accuracy. Using this computational model and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), we pinpoint the neural networks underlying this segmentation behavior during an implicit action observation task. Segmentation was announced by a strong increase of visual activity at touching events followed by the engagement of frontal, hippocampal and insula regions, signaling updating expectation at subsequent untouching events. Brain activity and behavior show that touching-untouching motifs are critical features for identifying the key elements of actions including object manipulations.
Keywords: Action observation | Event segmentation | Unit marking procedure | fMRI | Semantic event chain | Computer vision
مقاله انگلیسی
76 Does task-specific knowledge improve audit quality: Evidence from audits of income tax accounts
آیا دانش خاص، کیفیت حسابرسی را بهبود می بخشد: شواهد از حسابرسی حساب های مالیاتی درآمد-2021
Two forms of expertise can influence audit quality: industry and task-specific expertise. If tax knowledge is predominately task-specific, audit offices with increased exposure to complex tax issues will develop tax task-specific expertise. Using outcomes related to income tax account audits, we examine whether tax task-specific knowledge (TSK) accumulates at the audit office level and affects the income tax accounts’ audit quality. We find that tax TSK increases the income tax accounts audit quality, suggesting individual tax TSK accumulates at the office level. Additionally, semi-structured interviews of partners/ senior managers at Big 4 audit firms validate group information processing as a theory that explains TSK developing at the office level and confirms that tax knowledge is predominately task-specific with some industry-specific knowledge. We contribute to and extend the literature examining audit office expertise by providing evidence that exposure to complex tax issues develops TSK at the office level and enhances audit quality. These findings provide archival and qualitative evidence of how TSK develops at the office level.
keywords: کیفیت حسابرسی مالیات بر درآمد | مجوز های مالیاتی | تخصص کار | پیچیدگی مالیات بر درآمد | تخصص وظیفه خاص | Income tax audit quality | Tax restatements | Task expertise | Income tax complexity | Task-specific expertise
مقاله انگلیسی
77 Deep learning and computer vision: Two promising pillars, powering the future in orthodontics
یادگیری عمیق و بینایی ماشین: دو ستون امیدوارکننده ، که آینده را در ارتودنسی تقویت می کند-2021
Currently, advances and affordability in digital data have increased the demand for expedite and automate several diagnostic and clinical tasks. In this regard, Artificial Intelligence is an extraordinary tool destined to support diagnosis, treatment plan and prognosis and to monitoring the progresses of orthodontic treatments. This paper is intended to help orthodontists in getting familiar with and to provide a breakdown of several of the pioneering applications of AI with special regard to Deep Learning and Computer Vision in orthodontics for continued innovation. (Semin Orthod 2021; 27:62–68) © 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc.
مقاله انگلیسی
78 Innovation capability: The impact of e-CRM and COVID-19 risk perception
قابلیت نوآوری: تاثیر E-CRM و ادراک خطر Covid-19-2021
The e-CRM application has currently offered benefits for companies in different business sectors, especially in hospitality industry. The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of e-CRM components (i.e. technology-based CRM, knowledge management and customer orientation) on firms’ innovation capabilities. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire survey conducted in Vietnam. The dataset consists of 213 valid responses by managers. Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were employed to examine the causal relationships among technology-based CRM, knowledge management, customer orientation, long-term relationships and innovation capability. The results show that knowledge management, customer orientation and technology-based CRM have positively influence on long-term relationships and innovation capability. Covid-19 risk perception has the role in enhancing the link between long-term relationships and innovation capability. From these findings, this study provides an improved understanding of how knowledge management, customer orientation and technology affect on innovating activities. This study also provides several implications for practice.
keywords: مشتری مداری | مدیریت دانش | درک ریسک | قابلیت نوآوری | CRM مبتنی بر فناوری | بخش هتل | Customer orientation | Knowledge management | Risk perception | Innovation capability | Technology-based CRM | Hotel sector
مقاله انگلیسی
79 CACDA: A knowledge graph for a context-aware cognitive design assistant
CACDA: یک گراف دانش برای دستیار طراحی شناختی زمینه آگاه-2021
The design of complex engineered systems highly relies on a laborious zigzagging between computeraided design (CAD) software and design rules prescribed by design manuals. Despite the emergence of knowledge management techniques (ontology, expert system, text mining, etc.), companies continue to store design rules in large and unstructured documents. To facilitate the integration of design rules and CAD software, we propose a knowledge graph that structures a large set of design rules in a computable format. The knowledge graph organises entities of design rules (nodes), relationships among design rules (edges), as well as contextual information. The categorisation of entities and relationships in four subcontexts: semantic, social, engineering, and IT – facilitates the development of the data model, especially the definition of the “design context” concept. The knowledge graph paves the way to a context-aware cognitive design assistant. Indeed, connected to or embedded in a CAD software, a context-aware cognitive design assistant will capture the design context in near real time and run reasoning operations on the knowledge graph to extend traditional CAD capabilities, such as the recommendation of design rules, the verification of design solutions, or the automation of design routines. Our validation experiment shows that the current version of the context-aware cognitive design assistant is more efficient than the traditional document-based design. On average, participants using an unstructured design rules document have a precision of 0.36 whereas participants using our demonstrator obtain a 0.61 precision score. Finally, designers supported by the design assistant spend more time designing than searching for applicable design rules compared to the traditional design approach.
keywords: قانون طراحی | نمودار دانش | مدیریت دانش | آگاهی متقابل | دستیار شناختی | Design rule | Knowledge graph | Knowledge management | Context-awareness | Cognitive assistant
مقاله انگلیسی
80 A multi-item supply chain with multi-level trade credit policy under inflation: A mixed mode ABC approach
یک زنجیره تأمین چند ماده ای با سیاست اعتبار تجاری چند سطحی تحت تورم: رویکرد ABC حالت مختلط-2021
In this study, a multi-item supplier-wholesaler-retailer-customers supply chain with partial trade credit policy at each level under inflationary effect for a fixed planning horizon is developed and analysed. Here the wholesaler receives a partial credit period from the supplier, i.e., a credit period on a portion of the amount of units purchased. Wholesaler also offers a partial credit period to its retailer and in turn the retailer also offers a partial credit period to its customers to boost the base demand of any item. Here, credit period induced base demand of any item decreases linearly with time. Demand of the items are also influenced by the respective selling prices. The retailer introduces some promotional cost against advertisement and price discount to improve the demand of the items. Here, it is established that if the wholesaler shares a portion of this promotional cost then the profits of both the retailer and the wholesaler improve. Model is formulated as a mixed-integer profit maximization problem and is analysed in crisp as well as in imprecise (fuzzy/rough) environment and some managerial insights are outlined. To find the marketing decision of such a real-life supply chain model, here, a new variant of ABC is proposed for mixed-integer optimization problems. The algorithm is tested against a set of benchmark test problems available in the literature and its efficiency to solve such problems is well established.
Key words : Supply chain | Partial trade credit period | Inflation | Promotional cost sharing | Artificial Bee Colony.
مقاله انگلیسی
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