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نتیجه جستجو - SEM

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 1333
ردیف عنوان نوع
81 Future Generation Computer Systems 116 (2021) 209–219
سیستم های کامپیوتری نسل آینده 116 (2021) 209-219-2021
An organisation wishing to conduct data analytics to support day-to-day decision making often needs a system to help analysts represent and maintain knowledge about research variables, datasets or analytical models, and effectively determine the best combination to use when solving the problem at hand. Often, such knowledge is not explicitly captured by the organisation. To address this problem, this paper presents the design of an innovative Information Technology (IT) platform which enables data sharing between different analytics models and provides the ability to extend or customise models or data sources without necessarily involving the analysts who created them. It can make analytics knowledge readily available and modifiable for future use and problem-solving by analysts and other stakeholders. In the context of our work, we organise analytics knowledge around the concept of a research variable, which analysts often use when defining and proving a hypothesis. By focusing on such a concept, this platform is particularly suited to develop empirical data analytics applications in any domain. This paper presents the architecture of this platform, including the knowledge base and the Application Programming Interface (API) layer. Capabilities of this platform are illustrated through a software prototype and a use case on property price prediction across Sydney, Australia.
keywords: تجزیه و تحلیل پیش بینی | مدیریت دانش | دانش محور | مدل سازی معنایی | هستی شناسی | Predictive analytics | Knowledge management | Knowledge base | Semantic modelling | Ontologies
مقاله انگلیسی
82 Knowledge gaps and perceptions of future research directions on management of diabetes during Ramadan fasting: An online survey of physicians
شکاف های دانش و درک دستورالعمل های تحقیقاتی آینده در مدیریت دیابت در طول روزهداری ماه رمضان: مرور آنلاین پزشکان-2021
Objectives: Current knowledge and research on diabetes and Ramadan form the basis for evidence-based clinical practice. In this context, we aimed to explore physicians’ perceptions of current knowledge gaps about research fasting (RF), barriers to, and foreseeable directions for advancement of the field.
Methods: We conducted an online survey of a convenience sample of 260 physicians from 27 countries. The survey questionnaire addressed three main domains: perceived current knowledge gaps and unmet needs in research about RF and diabetes, barriers to the conduct of research, and future directions for furthering the evidence in this field.
Results: Majority of respondents (65.7%) were senior physicians in adult endocrinology/diabetes (45.9%) working at tertiary centers (65.2%). The majority (67.3%) reported seeing an average of 20+ patients with diabetes weekly and felt ‘‘very or fairly confident” in managing diabetes during RF (67.7%). The knowledge gaps identified were the management of highrisk patients with diabetes (54.1%), such as renal impairment (59.8%), and pregnancy (61.5%). The main barriers to research were lack of adequate funding to academic centers (75.7%) and lack of interest of institutions in the subject (64.6%). Future efforts should be directed at the conduct of large epidemiological studies (49.5%) or double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trials (48.6%) to address the former gaps. Research findings should be widely disseminated via hands-on workshops (recommended by 70.3% of respondents) or international conferences (61.2%).
Conclusions: There is a wide agreement regarding the knowledge gaps in the management of diabetes during RF. Future efforts should focus on addressing these critical deficiencies.
keywords: روزه رمضان | ادبیات | دیابت | هیپوگلیسمی | همهگیرشناسی | کتواسیدوز دیابتی | دیدگاه های بیماران | متخصصان مراقبت های بهداشتی | ادراک | بیماران پر خطر | کودکان و نوجوانان | Ramadan fasting | Literature | Diabetes | Hypoglycaemia | Epidemiology | Diabetic ketoacidosis | Patients’ perspectives | Health Care Professionals | perceptions | High-risk patients | Children and adolescents
مقاله انگلیسی
83 Nurses knowledge, skills and preparedness for disaster management of a Megapolis: Implications for nursing disaster education
دانش، مهارت و آمادگی پرستاران برای مدیریت بلایا در یک کلانشهر: پیامدهایی برای آموزش پرستاری در بلایا-2021
As frontline health caregivers, nurses must be adequately prepared to respond effectively to disasters. Therefore, it is necessary to assess nurses’ disaster management capacity to know their preparedness levels, especially for a densely populated Megapolis like Dhaka, which is at high risk of disasters. Thus, the study aimed to examine Dhaka city nurses’ knowledge, skills, preparedness (KSP) for disasters and explore the factors influencing the KSP levels. A self-explanatory descriptive survey questionnaire was developed adopting the Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool (DPET) in Bangla language for quantitative data collection. Following multistage sampling, 410 nurses’ data were collected from eight hospitals in Dhaka city. The nurses in Dhaka city had moderate levels of knowledge, skills, and preparedness for disaster management, reflecting that they need more development to deal with disasters effectively. Moreover, multiple linear regression analyses indicate that nurses’ disaster knowledge, skills, and preparedness scores were significantly positively associated with training on disaster management (p < 0.001) and disaster response experience (p < 0.001). In addition, one-half of the respondents demanded more drills and exercises on disaster management in their workplaces to enhance their disaster skills and preparedness. Furthermore, disaster education should be incorporated into the nursing curriculum, which would play a seminal role in preparing them for future disaster management.
keywords: آمادگی در برابر بلایا | دانش بلایا | مهارت ها | داکا | پرستاران | مدیریت بلایا | بنگلادش | Disaster preparedness | Disaster knowledge | Skills | Dhaka | Nurses | Disaster management | Bangladesh
مقاله انگلیسی
84 The lived reality of public accounting interns
واقعیت زندگی کارآموزان حسابداری عمومی-2021
This study examines the lived reality of public accounting interns, including perceived benefits, costs, and competing frictions that are collectively relevant to the norms and social structures in this labor market. Our evidence suggests that benefits include knowledge acquisition for interns and readily available labor for firms. Costs include ethical dilemmas, pressures to conform, reality shocks, and shared suffering for interns, along with training investments and turnover for firms. Labor market frictions include variation in perceptions of success versus failure for interns, coupled with sustainability implications for the hiring model of firms. Reflecting on the mutuality of these labor market attributes, we present evidence on the consequences for both individuals and the profession. To do so, we collect survey evidence from 257 students who completed a ‘busy-season’ internship in the semester immediately prior to embarking on their Masters of Accountancy (MACC) program (January-April of 2014, 2015 and 2016). After reflecting on insights from that evidence, we then interviewed another 30 MACC students who had returned from their internships following the busy season of 2017 to gain in-depth qualitative evidence about the ‘lived reality’ of the internship experience, focusing on insights about anticipatory socialization, formative experiences and assimilation, along with differential expressions of both success and painful instances of failure. Our study provides details on a replicable internship model that has been sustainable for over 20 years at the University of Wisconsin – Madison, and represents a detailed example relevant to understanding the apprenticeship model of public accounting.
keywords: مدل کارآموزی | ادغام | حرفه حسابداری عمومی | تحقیقات کیفی فیلد | ساختارهای اجتماعی | Apprenticeship model | Assimilation | Public accounting profession | Qualitative field research | Social structures
مقاله انگلیسی
85 Taxonomy, state-of-the-art, challenges and applications of visual understanding: A review
طبقه بندی ، آخرین فن آوری ، چالش ها و کاربردهای درک بصری: مروری-2021
Since the dawn of Humanity, to communicate both abstract and concrete ideas, visualization through visual imagery has been an effective way. With the advancement of scientific technologies, vision has been imparted to machines like humans do. Computer vision give ability to machines, to receive and analyze visual data on its own, and then make decisions about it, hence computer vision is more than machine learning applied. So, visualization of computer models to learn without being explicitly programmed using machine learning algorithms is called Visual learning. This work aims to review the state-of-the-art in computer vision by highlighting the contributions, challenges and applications. We first provide an overview of important visual learning approaches and their recent developments, and then describes their applications in diverse vision tasks, such as image classification, object detection, object recognition, visual saliency detection, semantic and instance segmentation, human pose estimation and image retrieval. Hardware constraints are also highlighted for better understanding of model selection. Finally, some important challenges, trends and outlooks are also discussed for better design and training of learning modules, along with several directions that may be further explored in the future.© 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Computer vision | Visual learning | Developments | Applications | Trends | Challenges
مقاله انگلیسی
86 Beliefs influencing students’ career choices in Sweden and reasons for not choosing the accounting profession
اعتقادات بر روی انتخاب های حرفه ای دانشجویان در سوئد و دلایل انتخاب حرفه ای حسابداری تاثیر می گذارد-2021
This study, employing the simplified Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), investigates student beliefs that influence their attitudes and subjective norms, leading them to not choose the accounting profession in Sweden. Questionnaires were sent electronically to first-year and second-year university students, and, after applying the exclusion criteria, the sample size comprised 228 students. The results reaffirmed the simplified TRA model and revealed that both behavioral (no personal interest in accounting, a boring profession, and higher salaries in other occupations) and normative beliefs (the influence of teachers and peers), through personal attitudes and subjective norms, influenced students’ decision to avoid the accounting profession. The findings suggest that accounting departments and business school faculties should recruit professional accountants and invite Swedish professional accounting bodies to create supportive activities that will motivate and help students learn more about the profession. Furthermore, accounting teachers should be more practical and equipped with engaging pedagogical techniques, and mandatory internships and seminars should be included in the school curriculum. It is also suggested that these implications should be positively communicated through social media.
keywords: تئوری اقدام منطقی (TRA) | دانش آموزان | اعتقادات | نگرش های | سوئد | حرفه حسابداری | Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) | Students | Beliefs | Attitudes | Sweden | Accounting profession
مقاله انگلیسی
87 Fifty years of information management research: A conceptual structure analysis using structural topic modeling
پنجاه سال تحقیقات مدیریت اطلاعات: تجزیه و تحلیل ساختار مفهومی با استفاده از مدل سازی موضوع ساختاری-2021
Information management is the management of organizational processes, technologies, and people which collectively create, acquire, integrate, organize, process, store, disseminate, access, and dispose of the infor- mation. Information management is a vast, multi-disciplinary domain that syndicates various subdomains and perfectly intermingles with other domains. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the infor- mation management domain from 1970 to 2019. Drawing upon the methodology from statistical text analysis research, this study summarizes the evolution of knowledge in this domain by examining the publication trends as per authors, institutions, countries, etc. Further, this study proposes a probabilistic generative model based on structural topic modeling to understand and extract the latent themes from the research articles related to in- formation management. Furthermore, this study graphically visualizes the variations in the topic prevalences over the period of 1970 to 2019. The results highlight that the most common themes are data management, knowledge management, environmental management, project management, service management, and mobile and web management. The findings also identify themes such as knowledge management, environmental management, project management, and social communication as academic hotspots for future research.
keywords: مدیریت اطلاعات | مدل های اصلی ساختاری | مدل سازی موضوع | مدل های مولد | تجزیه و تحلیل متن | Information management | Structural topic models | Topic modeling | Generative models | Text analytics
مقاله انگلیسی
88 Typicality: A formal concept analysis account
Typicality: یک حساب تجزیه و تحلیل مفهومی رسمی-2021
We examine typicality—a significant phenomenon accompanying human concepts—within the framework of formal concept analysis. Our aim is to formalize the notion of typicality within this framework and thus provide an operational definition. We review relevant aspects and main psychological explanations of typicality, and propose a formalization based on a view of typicality propounded in the seminal work by Eleanor Rosch et al. We also provide experimental evaluation of our approach and discuss ramifications of our findings and topics to be explored in the future.
keywords: نوعی | طبقه بندی | مفهوم | تجزیه و تحلیل مفهوم رسمی | روانشناسی مفاهیم | Typicality | Categorization | Concept | Formal concept analysis | Psychology of concepts
مقاله انگلیسی
89 A data management framework for strategic urban planning using blue-green infrastructure
یک چارچوب مدیریت داده برای برنامه ریزی شهری استراتژیک با استفاده از زیرساخت های آبی سبز-2021
Spatial planning of Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) should ideally be based on well-evaluated and context specific solutions. One important obstacle to reach this goal relates to adequate provisioning of data to ensure good governance of BGI, i.e., appropriate planning, design, construction, and maintenance. This study explores the gap between data availability and implementation of BGI in urban planning authorities in Sweden. A multi method approach including brainstorming, semi-structured interviews with urban planners and experts on BGI and Geographical Information System (GIS), and validating workshops were performed to develop a framework for structured and user-friendly data collection and use. Identified challenges concern data availability, data management, and GIS knowledge. There is a need to improve the organisation of data management and the skills of trans-disciplinary cooperation to better understand and interpret different types of data. Moreover, different strategic goals require different data to ensure efficient planning of BGI. This calls for closer interactions between development of strategic political goals and data collection. The data management framework consists of three parts: A) Ideal structure of data management in relation to planning process, data infrastructure and organisa- tional structure, and B) A generic list of data needed, and C) The development of structures for data gathering and access. We conclude that it is essential to develop pan-municipal data management systems that bridge sectors and disciplines to ensure efficient management of the urban environment, and which is able to support the involvement of citizens to collect and access relevant data. The framework can assist in such development.
keywords: زیرساخت آبی سبز | مدیریت اطلاعات | برنامه ریزی فضایی | برنامه ریزی استراتژیک | مدیریت طوفان | انطباق تغییرات اقلیمی | فضاهای سبز شهری | Blue-green infrastructure | Data management | Spatial planning | Strategic planning | Stormwater management | Climate change adaptation | Urban green spaces
مقاله انگلیسی
90 A knowledge-intensive adaptive business process management framework
چارچوب مدیریت فرآیند تجاری تطبیقی مبتنی بر دانش-2021
Business process management has been the driving force of optimization and operational efficiency for companies until now, but the digitalization era we have been experiencing requires businesses to be agile and responsive as well. In order to be a part of this digital transformation, delivering new levels of automation-fueled agility through digitalization of BPM itself is required. However, the automation of BPM cannot be achieved by solely focusing on process space and classical planning techniques. It requires a holistic approach that also captures the social aspects of the business environment, such as corporate strategies, organization policies, negotiations, and cooperation. For this purpose, we combine BPM, knowledge-intensive systems and intelligent agent technologies, and yield one consolidated intelligent business process management framework, namely agileBPM, that governs the entire BPM life-cycle. Accordingly, agileBPM proposes a modeling methodology to semantically capture the business interests, enterprise environment and process space in accordance with the agent-oriented software engineering paradigm. The proposed agent-based process execution environment provides cognitive capabilities (such as goal-driven planning, norm compliance, knowledge-driven actions, and dynamic cooperation) on top of the developed business models to support knowledge workers’ multicriteria decision making tasks. The context awareness and exception handling capabilities of the proposed approach have been presented with experimental studies. Through comparative evaluations, it is shown that agileBPM is the most comprehensive knowledge-intensive process management solution.
keywords: مدیریت فرآیند کسب و کار | فرایندهای دانش فشرده | مدل سازی و اجرای فرآیند | انطباق فرآیند | مدیریت فرآیند کسب و کار مبتنی بر عامل | مدیریت فرآیند کسب و کار چابک | Business process management | Knowledge-intensive processes | Process modeling and execution | Process adaptation | Agent-based business process management | Agile business process management
مقاله انگلیسی
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