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نتیجه جستجو - Safety

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 616
ردیف عنوان نوع
21 Blood supply chain operation considering lifetime and transshipment under uncertain environment
عملکرد زنجیره تامین خون با توجه به طول عمر و انتقال مجدد در یک محیط نامشخص-2021
According to the characteristics of blood inventory control problem under the condition of blood shortage, the dynamic decision-making problem of blood supply chain is investigated in this paper. Firstly, based on the recursive equation, the state transition equations of two categories of blood demand under two inventory issue strategies (FIFO and LIFO) are given. The mathematical expressions of key indexes such as blood outdating and blood shortage are obtained. A blood collection decision- making method based on EWA (Estimated Withdrawal & Aging) strategy is proposed. Then, an optimal model of blood transshipment problem is established with the goal of the shortest transshipment time and the maximum freshness of the transported blood. In addition, an allocation planning model with multiple priority requirements and fairness concerns is established to achieve the best fairness and the minimum shortage. Besides, a discrete event system simulation (DESS) framework is designed according to the characteristics of the model. Finally, the effectiveness of the decision-making method and EWA inventory strategy are verified by numerical simulation. The results show that safety stock, target stock level and fluctuation range of demand have significant impacts on the control effect of blood inventory.© 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Blood shortage | Blood collection | Blood allocation | Blood transshipment | Blood supply chain | Discrete event system simulation
مقاله انگلیسی
22 Combining computer vision with semantic reasoning for on-site safety management in construction
ترکیب بینایی ماشین با استدلال معنایی برای مدیریت ایمنی در هر دو سو در ساخت -2021
Computer vision has been utilized to extract safety-related information from images with the advancement of video monitoring systems and deep learning algorithms. However, construction safety management is a knowledge-intensive task; for instance, safety managers rely on safety regulations and their prior knowledge during a jobsite safety inspection. This paper presents a conceptual framework that combines computer vision and ontology techniques to facilitate the management of safety by semantically reasoning hazards and corre- sponding mitigations. Specifically, computer vision is used to detect visual information from on-site photos while the safety regulatory knowledge is formally represented by ontology and semantic web rule language (SWRL) rules. Hazards and corresponding mitigations can be inferred by comparing extracted visual information from construction images with pre-defined SWRL rules. Finally, the example of falls from height is selected to validate the theoretical and technical feasibility of the developed conceptual framework. Results show that the proposed framework operates similar to the thinking model of safety managers and can facilitate on-site hazard identi- fication and prevention by semantically reasoning hazards from images and listing corresponding mitigations. 1. Introduction
keywords: بینایی ماشین | هستی شناسی | استدلال معنایی | شناسایی ریسک | مدیریت ایمنی ساخت | Computer vision | Ontology | Semantic reasoning | Hazard identification | Construction safety management
مقاله انگلیسی
23 Uncovering research streams on agri-food supply chain management: A bibliometric study
کشف جریانهای تحقیق در مورد مدیریت زنجیره تأمین مواد غذایی کشاورزی: یک مطالعه کتابشناختی-2021
This study carried out a bibliometric analysis to critically review the evolution of the agri-food supply chain (AFSC) research field over the period of 2008–2019. A set of 1236 articles was analyzed from the Web of Science database. Besides using different analytical scientometric tools (topic mapping, co-citation, co-authorship and overlay visualization networks), this study identified frequently-used keywords, new and hot research topics and frequently-studied supply chain management (SCM) practices. Frequently used keywords are food supply chain, food waste, sustainability, food safety, SCM, food industry, and food security. New research themes include contract, blockchain, internet of things, resilience, and short food supply chain, a topic that demands further research especially due to the international COVID-19 pandemic and the need of farmers to be closer to the consumers. Hot research topics, that is, subjects that have been studied in highly cited papers were also identified include life cycle assessment, environmental impact, packaging, water use, food waste prevention, food waste generation, blockchain and carbon footprint. Among SCM practices, this study observed that risk and sustainable SCM are frequently used keywords. Procurement and reverse logistics were observed in fewer studies. SCM, food waste, food quality, GHG emissions and risk management are sustainable SCM practices frequently observed.
Keywords: Agri-food supply chain | Bibliometric analysis | Co-authorship | Co-citation analysis | Scientometrics | Supply chain management practices
مقاله انگلیسی
24 The effect of WeChat-based training on improving the knowledge of tuberculosis management of rural doctors
تأثیر آموزش مبتنی بر وی چت بر ارتقای دانش مدیریت سل در پزشکان روستایی-2021
Computer vision has been utilized to extract safety-related information from images with the advancement of video monitoring systems and deep learning algorithms. However, construction safety management is a knowledge-intensive task; for instance, safety managers rely on safety regulations and their prior knowledge during a jobsite safety inspection. This paper presents a conceptual framework that combines computer vision and ontology techniques to facilitate the management of safety by semantically reasoning hazards and corresponding mitigations. Specifically, computer vision is used to detect visual information from on-site photos while the safety regulatory knowledge is formally represented by ontology and semantic web rule language (SWRL) rules. Hazards and corresponding mitigations can be inferred by comparing extracted visual information from construction images with pre-defined SWRL rules. Finally, the example of falls from height is selected to validate the theoretical and technical feasibility of the developed conceptual framework. Results show that the proposed framework operates similar to the thinking model of safety managers and can facilitate on-site hazard identification and prevention by semantically reasoning hazards from images and listing corresponding mitigations.
keywords: سل | مدیریت | آموزش مبتنی بر وی چت | پزشکان روستایی | چین | Tuberculosis | Management | WeChat-based training | Rural doctors | China
مقاله انگلیسی
25 Accounting for seasonal effects on cyclist-vehicle crashes
حسابداری برای اثرات فصلی بر روی تصادفات دوچرخه سواری-2021
Crash data is usually aggregated over time where temporal correlation contributes to the unobserved hetero- geneity. Since crashes that occur in temporal proximity share some unobserved characteristics, ignoring these temporal correlations in safety modeling may lead to biased estimates and a loss of model power. Seasonality has several effects on cyclists’ travel behavior (e.g., the distribution of holidays, school schedules, weather varia- tions) and consequently cyclist-vehicle crash risk. This study aims to account for the effect of seasonality on cyclist-vehicle crashes by employing two groups of models. The first group, seasonal cyclist-vehicle crash fre- quency, employs four vectors of the dependent variables for each season. The second group, rainfall involved cyclist-vehicle crash frequency, employs two vectors of the dependent variables for crashes that occurred on rainy days and non-rainy days. The two model groups were investigated using three modeling techniques: Full Bayes crash prediction model with spatial effects (base model), varying intercept and slope model, and First- Order Random Walk model with a spatial–temporal interaction term. Crash and volume data for 134 traffic analysis zones (TAZ’s) in the City of Vancouver were used. The results showed that the First-Order Random Walk model with spatial–temporal interaction outperformed the other developed models. Some covariates have different associations with crashes depending on the season and rainfall conditions. For example, the seasonal estimates for the bus stop density are significantly higher for the summer and spring seasons than for the winter and autumn seasons. Also, the intersection density estimate for a rainy day is significantly higher than a non- rainy day. This indicates that on a rainy day each intersection to the network adds more risk to cyclists compared to a non-rainy day.
keywords: ایمنی دوچرخه سواری | خطر سقوط فصلی | اثر آب و هوا بر روی خطر سقوط دوچرخه سواران | فضایی | بیل کامل | Cyclist safety | Seasonal crash risk | Weather effect on cyclists’ crash risk | Spatiotemporal | Full Bayes
مقاله انگلیسی
26 Improving multi-sport event ticketing accounting information system design through implementing RFID and blockchain technologies within COVID-19 health protocols
بهبود طراحی سیستم اطلاعات حسابداری بلیط رویدادهای چند ورزشی از طریق پیاده‌سازی فناوری‌های RFID و بلاک چین در پروتکل‌های بهداشتی COVID-19-2021
To run a multi-sport event, it is necessary to have a design of accounting information system for ticket sales that can run efficiently and can reduce opportunities of fraudulent acts. A case study during the 18th Asian Games 2018 shows that there were problems of inadequate ticket sales facilities for prospective spectators due to vendor diversion to the frictional problems such as venues located in various regions and protection of spectator rights in accordance with the purchased tickets. Some cases found in the multi-sport event were false seats and fictitious spectators allowed entrance to some arenas they did not have the right to enter, although they have gone through verification measures using line-of-sight barcoding technology. Some cases were also found during the 18th Asian Games 2018, in which there was a problem of inadequate ticket sales facilities for prospective spectators due to a change of vendor. There were also frictional problems on venues which are spread in various regions and regarding protection of spectators’ rights per their purchased tickets. Moreover, it is fundamental that we take concern in the current pandemic situation, all event organizers are obliged to consider implementing health protocols issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) for safety to break the chain of COVID-19 infection. This study is conducted to identify the core of those problems and offer a solution by implementing radio-frequency identification (RFID) and blockchain technology to optimize the services applied in the multi-sport event, especially during and post-pandemic. Ticketing effectiveness for spectators are also challenged by budgetary and eco-friendliness issues.
keywords: سیستم اطلاعات حسابداری | بارکش | کووید -19 | رویداد چند ورزش | رام | بلیط بلیط | Accounting information system | Blockchain | COVID-19 | Multi-sport event | RFID | Ticketing
مقاله انگلیسی
27 Chapter 34: Indigenous knowledge in research and management
فصل 34: دانش بومی در تحقیق و مدیریت-2021
Experience and insight have been a source of knowledge throughout human history. Only in the past few centuries have scientific methods been developed and applied to questions of practice and theory. Even today, experiential knowledge is far broader than the relatively limited scope of rigorous scientific research. Such knowledge is known by many names, including Indigenous Knowledge (IK, which will be used herein), traditional knowledge, local knowledge, and other variants (Huntington and Fox, 2005). For Indigenous whale hunters in the Arctic, the knowledge gained by experience is paramount for safety and success (e.g., Nageak, 1991). Although visitors and newcomers to the Arctic have long relied on Indigenous assistance (e.g., Amundsen, 1908), only in recent decades has the knowledge of whalers and other practitioners elsewhere in the world attracted formal academic attention (e.g., Johannes, 1981; Mymrin, 1999; Hay et al., 2000). Indeed, the collaborations between In˜upiat and Yupik whalers and scientists in northern Alaska are among the best examples of sharing knowledge and developing new knowledge beyond the capabilities of either group alone. This chapter reviews the ways that scientists and managers have engaged with the knowledge of Arctic whalers, what has been learned thereby, and how the resulting knowledge has contributed to understanding and management of bowhead whales (Fig. 34.1).
مقاله انگلیسی
28 Accounting and auditing of credit loss estimates: The hard and the soft
حسابداری و حسابرسی تخمین زیان اعتباری: سخت و نرم-2021
A key goal of financial reporting is to address information asymmetries, which are amplified in the case of banks given their credit, maturity and liquidity transformation and complex, judgmental accounting standards dealing with expected credit losses (ECL). The paper explores the role of bank management in estimating and recognizing ECL, and how external auditors challenge the resulting figures. Based on analysis of G-SIB disclosures, it concludes that management and auditors tend to prioritize observable and verifiable, hard information to reduce challenge to their reported estimates and protect against the threat of legal liability. Emphasis on such information facilitates loss deferral, damaging the reliability of banks’ financial reporting, obscuring their safety and soundness picture and jeopardizing financial stability. Based on these conclusions, the paper seeks to open a new path to the research and policy analysis of credit loss recognition, introducing proposals to address the procyclicality of credit loss accounting by tackling inappropriate incentives that decouple risk taking from its translation onto banks’ financial statements.
keywords: انتظارات اعتباری انتظار می رود | عدم تقارن اطلاعات | افشای | عوارض جانبی | ثبات اقتصادی | پروسیکیت | Expected Credit Losses | Information asymmetries | Disclosures | Externalities | Financial stability | Procyclicality
مقاله انگلیسی
29 Heat recovery in an actual LNG supply chain: Retrofitting of designed heat exchange networks (HENs) for potential fuel saving
بازیابی گرما در یک زنجیره تامین LNG واقعی: مقاوم سازی مجدد شبکه های تبادل گرما (HENs) برای صرفه جویی احتمالی در سوخت-2021
The demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG) is steadily increasing and projected to become an important component of global energy demand. Although LNG processing requires high-energy to convert the gas into liquid, it is still the most preferable method of supply due to technical, economic, safety, and political reasons. Energy integration strategies and process optimization between units have been emphasized as ways to reduce energy demand. In this study, a rigorous simulation for proposed heat exchanger networks (HENs) between sulfur recovery units (SRU) and gas sweetening units (GSU) that exhibit heat sources and sinks was conducted. The HENs were designed using pinch analysis tools in Aspen Energy Analyzer (AEA) and were used to determine the maximum energy recovery and potential fuel savings after retrofitting within LNG supply chain. The feasibility of retrofitting the HENs into LNG plant without affecting process conditions or product quality was also determined. Although universal HEN reduces energy consumption of the existing plant by 68%, the network complexity limits its practical application. Simplified HENs between the sub-units reduced energy demand by 50% and achieved fuel saving of 34%. Retrofitting HENs improved existing LNG energy integration, enhanced process economy, reduced fossil fuel burning and protected the environment.
Keywords: Supply chain management | Risk management | Policy matrix
مقاله انگلیسی
30 Redesigning immunization supply chains: Results from three country analyses
طراحی مجدد زنجیره های تأمین ایمن سازی: نتایج حاصل از سه تحلیل کشور-2021
The demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG) is steadily increasing and projected to become an important component of global energy demand. Although LNG processing requires high-energy to convert the gas into liquid, it is still the most preferable method of supply due to technical, economic, safety, and political reasons. Energy integration strategies and process optimization between units have been emphasized as ways to reduce energy demand. In this study, a rigorous simulation for proposed heat exchanger networks (HENs) between sulfur recovery units (SRU) and gas sweetening units (GSU) that exhibit heat sources and sinks was conducted. The HENs were designed using pinch analysis tools in Aspen Energy Analyzer (AEA) and were used to determine the maximum energy recovery and potential fuel savings after retrofitting within LNG supply chain. The feasibility of retrofitting the HENs into LNG plant without affecting process conditions or product quality was also determined. Although universal HEN reduces energy consumption of the existing plant by 68%, the network complexity limits its practical application. Simplified HENs between the sub-units reduced energy demand by 50% and achieved fuel saving of 34%. Retrofitting HENs improved existing LNG energy integration, enhanced process economy, reduced fossil fuel burning and protected the environment.
Keywords: Natural gas | Retrofitting design | Heat exchange networks (HENs) | Process optimization | Heat recovery
مقاله انگلیسی
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