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نتیجه جستجو - Sustainability

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 509
ردیف عنوان نوع
11 Managing micro and small enterprise supply chains: A multi-level approach to sustainability, resilience and regional development
مدیریت زنجیره تأمین شرکت های خرد و کوچک: رویکردی چند سطح برای پایداری ، انعطاف پذیری و توسعه منطقه ای-2021
Amidst the high number of frameworks associated with supply chain sustainability (SCS), proper consideration to the role and importance of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) has been missing in the literature. To address this research gap, this paper investigates the driving factors that support MSE supply chains to achieve sustainability. We employ institutional and complexity theories to broaden our understanding of the dynamics behind neglected supply chain structures, especially the ones predominantly formed by MSEs. An in-depth nested case study is carried out in a MSE supply chain in an emerging economy, where 33 supply chain players were involved in the data collection. Using a combination of deductive and inductive approaches to analyze the data, we find that to truly implement SCS, research and practice should consider not only the strategic, structural and process levels, but also the contextual level, which is critical dimension to SCS dynamics. Results show that MSE supply chains contribute significantly to regional socio-economic development due to their local roots and regional history. Also, findings demonstrate that MSE supply chains have enhanced resilience to crises (e.g., economic, political and other disruptions) because they are often focused on long-standing economic activities within the regional ecosystems. This paper contributes to theory by arguing that SCS is a much more complex phenomenon in practice than the current theory implies. Therefore, incorporating the diversity from reality and the peculiarities of MSE supply chains into the SCS debate helps the literature to get closer to the SCS practice.
Keywords: Supply chain sustainability | Micro and small enterprise supply chains | Supply chain resilience | Regional development | Emerging economy
مقاله انگلیسی
12 The adoption of circular economy practices in supply chains – An assessment of European Multi-National Enterprises
The adoption of circular economy practices in supply chains – An assessment of European Multi-National Enterprises-2021
The European Commission Circular Economy Action Plan aims at fostering a society based on sustainable pro- duction and consumption. Within this context, industrial organisations are called to implement a wide set of practices to drive this transition: manufacturing easy-to-repair and sustainable products, adopting solutions aimed at extending product lifetime, and promoting remanufacturing and materials’ recycling. A major contribution is expected from Multi-National Enterprises (MNEs), as these organizations dominate the European economy and coordinate resource-intensive global supply networks. As such, this study assesses the Circular Economy-inspired initiatives promoted by the largest European MNEs. The content of sustainability reports is scrutinised, through a template analysis technique, in order to create a database of Circular Economy practices. Key findings include the degree of implementation, the level of involvement of supply chain partners, and the drivers behind the implementation of such practices. Furthermore, a conceptual framework is proposed, in order to describe the adoption of Circular Economy practices as a supply chain process. A theoretical discussion explores the role of institutional pressures and supply chain integration to shape the transition towards the adoption of Circular Economy practices in global supply chains.
Keywords: Circular economy | Fortune 500 | Sustainability | MNEs | Supply chain integration | Institutional theory
مقاله انگلیسی
13 Mechanical properties and electrical resistivity of multiwall carbon nanotubes incorporated into high calcium fly ash geopolymer
Mechanical properties and electrical resistivity of multiwall carbon nanotubes incorporated into high calcium fly ash geopolymer-2021
High calcium fly ash (HCF) is a pozzolan material and is available in large quantity in Thailand due to the existence of coal-based electrical power plants. It is used as a supplemental material to partially replace cement content in concrete as a movement toward concrete sustainability. In order to lift the sustainability level, a cementitious material without Portland cement called ‘geopolymer’ was introduced. Geopolymer can be produced from raw materials containing high alumina and silica, for example fly ash, blast furnace slag, and metakaolin. For high calcium fly ash geopolymer (HCFG), the unique properties include fast setting, and high early strength. In this study, in order to enhance the properties of HCF geopolymer, multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were introduced into the matrix. In addition to the investigation into basic properties, the effect of MWCNT on electrical resistivity was also investigated to determine its potential use in piezoelectric sensor applications. The results showed that the addition of MWCNTs improved the mechanical properties of HCFG. The maximum compressive and flexural strengths were obtained with a mix containing 0.2% MWCNTs. The EDS test also indicated the increase in geopolymerization and hydration products with the addition of MWCNTs. To investigate the piezoelectricity potential, the electrical resistivity under different levels of compression loads was investigated. The resistivity decreased with the increasing load level up to the first crack, and then decreased. The changes in electrical resistivity indicated the potential use of HCFG incorporated MWCNTs in self-sensing for structural health monitoring.
Keywords: Geopolymer | High calcium fly ash | Multiwall carbon nanotube | Electrical resistivity
مقاله انگلیسی
14 A multi-objective fuzzy robust stochastic model for designing a sustainable-resilient-responsive supply chain network
یک مدل تصادفی محکم فازی چند هدفه برای طراحی یک شبکه زنجیره تأمین پایدار ، قابل انعطاف و پاسخگو-2021
This study proposes a multi-objective mixed-integer programming model to configure a sustainable supply chain network while considering resilience and responsiveness measures. The model aims at minimizing the total costs and environmental damages while maximizing the social impacts, as well as the responsiveness and resilience levels of the supply chain network. An improved version of the fuzzy robust stochastic optimization approach is proposed to tackle the uncertain data arising in the dynamic business environment. Furthermore, a new version of meta-goal programming named the multi-choice meta-goal programming associated with a utility function is developed to solve the resulting multi-objective model. A case study in the water heater industry is investigated to illustrate the application of the proposed model and its solution approach. The numerical results validate the proposed model and the developed solution method. Finally, interactions between the sustainability, responsiveness, and resilience dimensions are investigated and several sensitivity analyses are performed on critical parameters by which useful managerial insights are provided.
Keywords: Supply chain network design | Sustainability | Resilience | Responsiveness | Fuzzy robust stochastic optimization | Multi-choice meta-goal programming
مقاله انگلیسی
15 Modern slavery statements: From regulation to substantive supply chain reporting
اظهارات برده داری مدرن: از مقررات گرفته تا گزارش زنجیره تأمین اساسی-2021
Recent years have seen a renewed focus on labor standards in the supply chain, prompted by legislation that requires firms to provide an account of their efforts to combat modern slavery. However, as a common problem of non-financial disclosure regulation, companies can decide the extent and content of their reporting, which could potentially result in merely symbolic disclosures with little substance. We examine the disclosure of substantive actions in modern slavery statements, defined as those disclosures of corporate actions that can positively affect working conditions in supply chains. We examine the corporate disclosure of these actions over time in order to evaluate whether legally mandated disclosure requirements could lead to progress in combatting modern slavery. For this purpose, we collected modern slavery statements from companies that had issued such statements for at least two different years after the
Keywords: Modern slavery statements | Social sustainability | Substantive disclosures | CSR Disclosures | Legitimacy theory | Content analysis
مقاله انگلیسی
16 Digital Livestock Farming
دامداری دیجیتال-2021
As the global human population increases, livestock agriculture must adapt to provide more livestock products and with improved efficiency while also addressing concerns about animal welfare, environmental sustainability, and public health. The purpose of this paper is to critically review the current state of the art in digitalizing animal agriculture with Precision Livestock Farming (PLF) technologies, specifically biometric sensors, big data, and blockchain technology. Biometric sensors include either noninvasive or invasive sensors that monitor an individual animal’s health and behavior in real time, allowing farmers to integrate this data for population-level analyses. Real-time information from biometric sensors is processed and integrated using big data analytics systems that rely on statistical algorithms to sort through large, complex data sets to provide farmers with relevant trending patterns and decision-making tools. Sensors enabled blockchain technology affords secure and guaranteed traceability of animal products from farm to table, a key advantage in monitoring disease outbreaks and preventing related economic losses and food-related health pandemics. Thanks to PLF technologies, livestock agriculture has the potential to address the abovementioned pressing concerns by becoming more transparent and fostering increased consumer trust. However, new PLF technologies are still evolving and core component technologies (such as blockchain) are still in their infancy and insufficiently validated at scale. The next generation of PLF technologies calls for preventive and predictive analytics platforms that can sort through massive amounts of data while accounting for specific variables accurately and accessibly. Issues with data privacy, security, and integration need to be addressed before the deployment of multi-farm shared PLF solutions be- comes commercially feasible. Implications Advanced digitalization technologies can help modern farms optimize economic contribution per animal, reduce the drudgery of repetitive farming tasks, and overcome less effective isolated solutions. There is now a strong cultural emphasis on reducing animal experiments and physical contact with animals in-order-to enhance animal welfare and avoid disease outbreaks. This trend has the potential to fuel more research on the use of novel biometric sensors, big data, and blockchain technology for the mutual benefit of livestock producers, consumers, and the farm animals themselves. Farmers’ autonomy and data-driven farming approaches compared to experience-driven animal manage- ment practices are just several of the multiple barriers that digitalization must overcome before it can become widely implemented.
Keywords: Precision Livestock Farming | digitalization | Digital Technologies in Livestock Systems | sensor technology | big data | blockchain | data models | livestock agriculture
مقاله انگلیسی
17 Impact of COVID-19 on the Indian seaport transportation and maritime supply chain
تأثیر COVID-19 در حمل و نقل و تأمین دریایی بندر دریایی هند-2021
Impacts of COVID-19 in maritime transportation and its related policy measures have been investigated by more and more organizations and researchers across the world. This paper aims to examine the impacts of COVID-19 on seaport transportation and the maritime supply chain field and its related issues in India. Secondary data are used to analyze the performance indicators of major seaports in India before and during the COVID-19 crisis. We further explore and discuss the expert’s views about the impact, preparedness, response, and recovery aspects for the maritime-related sector in India. The results on the quantitative performance of Indian major seaports during the COVID-19 indicate a negative growth in the cargo traffic and a decrease in the number of vessel traffic compared to pre-COVID-19. The expert survey results suggest a lack of preparedness for COVID-19 and the need for developing future strategies by maritime organizations. The overall findings of the study shall assist in formulating maritime strategies by enhancing supply chain resilience and sustainable business recovery process while preparing for a post-COVID-19 crisis. The study also notes that the Covid-19 crisis is still an ongoing concern, as the government, maritime organizations, and stakeholders face towards providing vaccine and remedial treatment to infected people. Further, this study can be expanded to the global maritime supply chain business context and to conduct interdisciplinary research in marine technical fields and maritime environment to measure the impact of COVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19 | India | Seaports | Maritime | Supply chain | Stakeholders | Sustainability
مقاله انگلیسی
18 A multi-objective robust optimization model for upstream hydrocarbon supply chain
یک مدل بهینه سازی قوی چند هدفه برای زنجیره تأمین هیدروکربن بالادست-2021
The hydrocarbon supply chain (HCSC) is a significant part of the world’s energy sector. The energy market has experienced erratic behavior over the last few years results in financial risks such as exceeding certain limits of the budget or not achieving the desired levels of cash in-flow, i.e., revenue. In this work, robust optimization and multi-objective mathematical programming are used to develop a model that eliminates or at least mitigates the impact of uncertain market behavior. Robust optimization provides tactical plans that are feasible and robust over market scenarios. The model assesses the trade-offs between alternatives and guides the decision-maker towards the effective management of the HCSC. The economic objectives are to minimize total cost and maximize revenue, while the non-economic objective is to minimize the depletion rate. The model considers the environmental aspect by limiting the emission of CO2 and the sustainability aspect by reducing the depletion rate of natural resources. Uncertain behavior of the oil market is modeled on scenario representation. A case study based on real data from Saudi Arabia HCSC is provided to demonstrate the model’s practicality, and a sensitivity analysis is conducted to provide some managerial insights. The results indicate that Saudi Arabia can cover its entire expenditure, break-evenpoint, by producing oil at 7.18 MMbbld and gas at 3,543.48 MMcftd. Besides, the robust approach provides a preferred plan with the highest cash inflow and the lowest sustainability over other approaches, e.g., deterministic, stochastic, and risk-based. The differences show that the robust model increases oil production to compensate for the variability of the scenario.
KEYWORDS: Hydrocarbon supply chain | Multi-objective optimization | Robust optimization | Scenario-Based Optimization | Tactical planning
مقاله انگلیسی
19 ConTrib: Maintaining fairness in decentralized big tech alternatives by accounting work
ConTrib: حفظ انصاف در جایگزین های غیرمتمرکز فناوری بزرگ با کار حسابداری-2021
‘‘Big Tech’’ companies provide digital services used by billions of people. Recent developments, however, have shown that these companies often abuse their unprecedented market dominance for selfish interests. Meanwhile, decentralized applications without central authority are gaining traction. Decentralized applications critically depend on its users working together. Ensuring that users do not consume too many resources without reciprocating is a crucial requirement for the sustainability of such applications. We present ConTrib, a universal mechanism to maintain fairness in decentralized applications by accounting the work performed by peers. In ConTrib, participants maintain a personal ledger with tamper-evident records. A record describes some work performed by a peer and links to other records. Fraud in ConTrib occurs when a peer illegitimately modifies one of the records in its personal ledger. This is detected through the continuous exchange of random records between peers and by verifying the consistency of incoming records against known ones. Our simple fraud detection algorithm is highly scalable, tolerates significant packet loss, and exhibits relatively low fraud detection times. We experimentally show that fraud is detected within seconds and with low bandwidth requirements. To demonstrate the applicability of our work, we deploy ConTrib in the Tribler file-sharing application and successfully address free-riding behaviour. This two-year trial has resulted in over 160 million records, created by more than 94’000 users.
keywords: عادلانه بودن | برنامه های کاربردی غیر متمرکز | حسابداری | رایگان RiderPrevention | Fairness | Decentralizedapplications | Accountingmechanism | Free-riderprevention
مقاله انگلیسی
20 Malaysia scenario of biomass supply chain-cogeneration system and optimization modeling development: A review
سناریوی مالزی سیستم تولید همزمان زنجیره تأمین زیست توده و توسعه مدل سازی بهینه سازی: یک مرور-2021
The development of biomass-based cogeneration energy systems in Malaysia is progressing to meet the circular economy concept and sustainability goal. This comprehensive review aims to report recent advancements in biomass-based cogeneration/biomass co-firing technology in Malaysia correlated with the optimization modeling role. First, this work presents the outlook and current scenario of cogeneration systems in Malaysia by observing performance and the challenges confronted by the technologies. Next, investigation of technical issues concerning the key players of the technologies and the biomass supply chain. This work had prepared using quantitative content-based analysis-meta-analysis. The practical implication of this review enables a complex optimization model that integrates biomass-based cogeneration and biomass supply chain considering economic and environmental viability. It will further enhance progress toward the Malaysian “Industry 4.0-driven” energy initiative. A novel optimization model grounded on Industry 4.0 parameters will foster new opportunities for researchers.
Keywords: Biomass-based cogeneration system | Biomass co-firing | Optimization modeling | Renewable energy | Economic and operational viability
مقاله انگلیسی
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