The importance of sustainability for the development of society requires organizations to make complex efforts that allow them to continue with their endless struggle to maintain or create competitiveness and, at the same time, to responsibly take on their leading role in improving the social and environ- mental impacts of human activities. For small companies, the planning and operationalization of efforts required to turn them into sustainable organizations represent an even greater challenge, which adds to the lack of sustainable management models in the specialized literature. The objective of this research was to develop a management model called Sustainable Strategic Management - GES. Well-established conceptual bases such as Strategic Management, Triple Bottom Line, and Balanced Scorecard were used to build an integrated model that allows for small businesses to insert sustainability into their activities in a holistic, feasible, and controllable manner, resulting in competitive advantage. Also, the planning and implementation of GES were tested in a small Brazilian company. In conclusion, a theoretically validated tool was obtained, which will still require evidence to show, in the long run, the effectiveness of its purpose.© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Sustainable management | Small business | Balanced scorecard | Strategic management

In expanding informal neighborhoods of cities in sub-Saharan Africa, sustainable management of storm and wastewater drainage is fundamental to improving living conditions. Planners debate the optimal combination between "green" or natural infrastructure, traditional "grey" infrastructure, and "blue" infrastructure, which mimics natural solutions using artificial materials. Many advocate for small-scale, niche experiments with these approaches in informal settings, in order to learn how to navigate the intrinsic constraints of space, contested land tenure, participation, and local maintenance. This paper reports the benefits and limitations of implementing and managing local green, blue and grey infrastructure solutions in an urban informal setting. We studied ten completed public space projects that featured urban drainage infrastructure in the informal neighborhood of Kibera, Nairobi. The analysis drew from ten surveys with project designers and seven semi-structured interviews with site managers. The studied spaces featured different combinations of green, grey, and blue drainage infrastructure that have evolved over years of operation, maintenance, and change in the settlement. All projects featured participation in design, mixed design methods, hybrid infrastructure, and community governance models with potential to interact successfully with municipal actors. Results show that involvement in the co-development of small-scale green infrastructure changed peoples valuation, perception, and stewardship of nature-based systems and ecosystem services. These results have implications for the larger scale adoption, integration, and management of urban drainage infrastructure. They also suggest that hybrid systems of infrastructure and governance constitute a resilient approach to incremental and inclusive upgrading.
Keywords: Green infrastructure | Urban drainage | Hybrid infrastructure | Governance | Participation | Climate vulnerability | Informal settlements | Community leadership

This exploratory paper examines the agenda-setting and framing role of news media in the ongoing development of the Draft Sydney Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Master Plan. The paper will argue that the publication of the Masterplan and ensuing public commentary has drawn into stark focus future challenges in juxtaposing the frames of public use, commercial tourism and scientific/cultural values in the sustainable management of protected areas. Agenda setting and framing theory provides the theoretical foundation for the paper. Guided by critical discourse analysis, the analysis of the paper is supported through the use of Leximancer and Gephi software for visually illustrating the relationship between different framing perspectives. This paper contributes to a fresh understanding of the complex nature of the sustainable management of protected areas in urban spaces.
Keywords: Protected areas | Agenda setting | Leximancer | Co-stakeholder analysis | Media | Gephi

Tourism was identified in the late 1980s as a sector with major potential for driving economic development in Zanzibar and has since grown enormously from roughly 19,000 annual visitors in 1985 to well over 200,000 by 2007. Although tourism is now one of the most important sectors of the economy, contributing roughly 25% to GDP, the impact of tourism on poverty reduction and the environment has been decidedly mixed. The rapid expansion of tourist infrastructure on the coast, combined with a population growth rate of over 3%, has put great pressure on coastal areas. In some areas local villages have seen their access to the beach and sea greatly restricted with resulting loss of livelihoods, while relatively little of the economic benefit from tourism has gone to local communities. The coastal and marine environment is seriously degraded due to both human and natural causes. The paper explores the reasons for this, focusing on the role played by the distribution of benefits from tourism and the (dis)incentives this creates for sustainable management, especially among local communities that steward the marine ecosystem. It does this by estimating the incomes (wages, profits and taxes to local government) generated from five major categories of tourism found in Zanzibar, and quantifying the distribution of incomes among five different stakeholder groups. The resulting recommendations are relevant not only for Zanzibar, but for all developing countries that rely on international tourism.
Keywords: Tourism | Zanzibar | Sustainable development | Ecosystem services