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Transition engineering of transport in megacities with case study on commuting in Beijing
مهندسی انتقالی از حمل و نقل در شهرهای بزرگ با مطالعه موردی در مورد رفت و آمد در پکن-2020 Private automobiles have been wildly popular around the world and have transformed the concept of personal
mobility for the affluent. However, automobile-oriented development patterns have demonstrably degraded the
quality of the city environment. The economic burden of transport infrastructure asset management, plus air
pollution, CO2 emissions and congestion are pressing issues for all cities. City planners struggle with the issues of
growth in travel demand and the costs of providing traffic management, parking, policing, and emergency
services. The future of personal vehicle mobility and goods movements are particularly challenging, and it is
difficult to imagine what the sustainable solutions could be for these wicked problems of transport in megacities.
This paper explores urban form, transport activity and quality of life in future cities through the emerging
discipline, Transition Engineering. The main methodology is the Interdisciplinary Transition Innovation,
Management and Engineering (InTIME) approach, the outcome of which are innovative shift projects that directly
step down the negative factors and step up in the quality of life while maintaining the access to social and
economic activities. One shift project in Beijing is a new “Work Unit Retrofit” property development enterprise.
Integrated land use is a popular idea, but the shift projects in this research answer the questions of “how” the
transition to the future city occurs. This research demonstrates the new Transition Engineering approach to
sustainable city development that results in actionable property and infrastructure development with financial
and social benefits that can be clearly communicated to all stakeholders. Keywords: Energy transition | Transition engineering | Future cities | Work unit | Adaptive capacity | Urban form | Cycling potential | Commute model |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Internet of Things: Evolution and technologies from a security perspective
اینترنت اشیاء: تکامل و فناوری ها از دیدگاه امنیتی-2020 In recent years, IoT has developed into many areas of life including smart homes, smart cities, agriculture,
offices, and workplaces. Everyday physical items such as lights, locks and industrial machineries can now be part
of the IoT ecosystem. IoT has redefined the management of critical and non-critical systems with the aim of
making our lives more safe, efficient and comfortable. As a result, IoT technology is having a huge positive
impact on our lives. However, in addition to these positives, IoT systems have also attracted negative attention
from malicious users who aim to infiltrate weaknesses within IoT systems for their own gain, referred to as cyber
security attacks. By creating an introduction to IoT, this paper seeks to highlight IoT cyber security vulnerabilities
and mitigation techniques to the reader.
The paper is suitable for developers, practitioners, and academics, particularly from fields such as computer
networking, information or communication technology or electronics. The paper begins by introducing IoT as
the culmination of two hundred years of evolution within communication technologies. Around 2014, IoT
reached consumers, early products were mostly small closed IoT networks, followed by large networks such as
smart cities, and continuing to evolve into Next Generation Internet; internet systems which incorporate human
values. Following this evolutionary introduction, IoT architectures are compared and some of the technologies
that are part of each architectural layer are introduced. Security threats within each architectural layer and some
mitigation strategies are discussed, finally, the paper concludes with some future developments. Keywords: IoT | Internet of Things | Security | Cyber security | Secure by Design | Next Generation Internet | Smart city | Sustainable city | Energy reduction | Building Energy Management Systems |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Designing a short-term load forecasting model in the urban smart grid system
طراحی یک مدل پیش بینی بار کوتاه مدت در سیستم شبکه هوشمند شهری-2020 The transition of the energy system from fossil fuel towards renewable energy (RE) is rising sharply, which
provides a cleaner energy source to the urban smart grid system. However, owing to the volatility and intermittency
of RE, it is challenging to design an accurate and reliable short-term load forecasting model. Recently,
machine learning (ML) based forecasting models have been applied for short-term load forecasting whereas most
of them ignore the importance of characteristics mining, parameters fine-tuning, and forecasting stability. To
dissolve the above issues, a short-term load forecasting model is proposed that incorporates thorough data
mining and multi-step rolling forecasting. To alleviate the chaos of short-term load, a de-noising method based
on decomposition and reconstruction is used. Then, a phase space reconstruction (PSR) method is employed to
dynamically determine the train-test ratios and neurons settings of the artificial neural network (ANN). Further,
a multi-objective grasshopper optimization algorithm (MOGOA) is applied to optimize the parameters of ANNs.
Case studies are conducted in the urban smart grid systems of Victoria and New South Wales in Australia.
Simulation results show that the proposed model can forecast short-term load well with various measurement
metrics. Multiple criterion and statistical evaluation also show the good performance of the proposed forecasting
model in terms of accuracy and stability. To conclude, the proposed model achieves high accuracy and robustness,
which will provide references to RE transitions and smart grid optimization, and offer guidance to
sustainable city development. Keywords: Smart grid | Short-term load forecasting | Neural networks | Multi-objective optimization algorithm | Urban sustainability |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Operating an environmentally sustainable city using fine dust level big data measured at individual elementary schools
مدیریت یک شهر سازگار با محیط زیست با استفاده از داده های بزرگ گرد و غبار، اندازه گیری شده در مدارس ابتدایی فردی-2018 As the problem of fine dust pollution becomes increasingly serious in South Korea, the country is becoming more
interested in obtaining information on fine dust levels. Fine dust level data are sufficiently local to make regional
forecasting meaningless. Thus, this study proposes an alternative measurement technique to minimize differ
ences between published and perceived levels of fine dusts. Owing to the large variations in the fine dust levels
within urban areas, it is very difficult to provide measurements that are sufficiently area-representative. Because
infants and elementary school students are more sensitive to fine dust than adults, it is useful to construct large
data sets of measurements of fine dust levels at elementary schools. In Korea, the distribution of elementary
schools is consistent with population density, which is useful for analyzing local differences in the fine dust levels
in urban areas. This study will provide a basis for big data application to public health policy and infographics
using color fuzzy model.
Keywords: Fine dust ، Big data ، Sustainable city ، Public health policy ، Infographics ، Color fuzzy model |
مقاله انگلیسی |
5 |
The IoT for smart sustainable cities of the future: An analytical framework for sensor-based big data applications for environmental sustainability
اینترنت اشیا برای شهرهای پایدار هوشمند از آینده: یک چارچوب تحلیلی برای کاربردهای داده های بزرگ مبتنی بر حسگر برای سازگاری با محیط زیست-2018 The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the key components of the ICT infrastructure of smart sustainable cities as
an emerging urban development approach due to its great potential to advance environmental sustainability. As
one of the prevalent ICT visions or computing paradigms, the IoT is associated with big data analytics, which is
clearly on a penetrative path across many urban domains for optimizing energy efficiency and mitigating en
vironmental effects. This pertains mainly to the effective utilization of natural resources, the intelligent man
agement of infrastructures and facilities, and the enhanced delivery of services in support of the environment. As
such, the IoT and related big data applications can play a key role in catalyzing and improving the process of
environmentally sustainable development. However, topical studies tend to deal largely with the IoT and related
big data applications in connection with economic growth and the quality of life in the realm of smart cities, and
largely ignore their role in improving environmental sustainability in the context of smart sustainable cities of
the future. In addition, several advanced technologies are being used in smart cities without making any con
tribution to environmental sustainability, and the strategies through which sustainable cities can be achieved fall
short in considering advanced technologies. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to review and synthesize the
relevant literature with the objective of identifying and discussing the state-of-the-art sensor-based big data
applications enabled by the IoT for environmental sustainability and related data processing platforms and
computing models in the context of smart sustainable cities of the future. Also, this paper identifies the key
challenges pertaining to the IoT and big data analytics, as well as discusses some of the associated open issues.
Furthermore, it explores the opportunity of augmenting the informational landscape of smart sustainable cities
with big data applications to achieve the required level of environmental sustainability. In doing so, it proposes a
framework which brings together a large number of previous studies on smart cities and sustainable cities,
including research directed at a more conceptual, analytical, and overarching level, as well as research on
specific technologies and their novel applications. The goal of this study suits a mix of two research approaches:
topical literature review and thematic analysis. In terms of originality, no study has been conducted on the IoT
and related big data applications in the context of smart sustainable cities, and this paper provides a basis for
urban researchers to draw on this analytical framework in future research. The proposed framework, which can
be replicated, tested, and evaluated in empirical research, will add additional depth to studies in the field of
smart sustainable cities. This paper serves to inform urban planners, scholars, ICT experts, and other city sta
keholders about the environmental benefits that can be gained from implementing smart sustainable city in
itiatives and projects on the basis of the IoT and related big data applications.
Keywords: Smart sustainable cities , The IoT , Big data analytics , Sensor technology , Data processing platforms , Environmental sustainability , Big data applications , Cloud computing , Fog/edge computing |
مقاله انگلیسی |
6 |
عملیاتی کردن یک شهر ازنظر زیست محیطی پایدار با استفاده از داده های بزرگ مربوط به سطح ریزگردها که در هر مدرسه ابتدایی اندازه گیری شده اند
سال انتشار: 2018 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 6 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 16 از آنجایی که مشکل آلودگی ریزگردها به صورت روزافزونی در کره جنوبی درحال جدی تر شدن می باشد، این کشور روز به روز به دستیابی به اطلاعاتی درباره سطوح ریزگردها درحال علاقه مندتر شدن می باشد. داده های مربوط به سطح ریزگردها حدکافی محلی هستند تا پیش بینی های منطقه ای را بی معنی کنند. بنابراین این مطالعه دارای یک روش سنجش جایگزین برای به حداقل رساندن اختلافات بین سطوح منتشر شده و سطوح مشاهده شده ریزگردها می باشد. با وجود تغیرات زیاد در سطح ریزگردها در داخل نواحی شهری، فراهم کردن سنجش هایی که به حدکافی نماینده و معرّف ناحیه باشند بسیار دشوار می باشد. چون بچه ها و دانش آموزان دوره ابتدایی نسبت به بزرگسال ها به ریزگردها حساس تر می باشد ساخت یک سری داده های بزرگ از سنجش های سطح ریزگردها در مدارس ابتدایی مفید می باشد. در کره، توزیع مدارس ابتدایی با چگالی جمعیت سازگار می باشد که برای تحلیل تفاوت های محلی موجود در سطح ریزگردها در نواحی شهری مفید می باشد. این مطالعه با استفاده از مدل رنگی فازی، یک پایه ای را برای به کارگیری داده های بزرگ در سیاست و چشم انداز سلامت همگانی فراهم خواهد کرد.
کلیدواژه ها: ریزگرد | داده های بزرگ | شهر پایدار | سیاست سلامت همگانی | تصاویر حاوی اطلاعات | مدل فاز رنگی |
مقاله ترجمه شده |
7 |
New framework for monitoring urban mobility in European cities
چارچوب جدیدی برای نظارت بر تحرک شهری در شهرهای اروپایی-2017 The Europe 2020 strategy (COM (2010) 2020 final) for smart, inclusive, and sustainable growth highlighted the importance of an
innovative and sustainable European transport system for the future development of the Union. It also stressed the importance of
addressing urban dimension of transport. A key issue in the changes is to understand that urban mobility must be handled as a part
of a wider shift: namely within the sustainable city concept. Urban mobility have to serve Europes urban areas develop along a
more sustainable path (both environmentally and financially) and that EU goals for a competitive and resource-efficient European
area are met. While the integrative target is clear, practical elements of the urban mobility development and decision making time
to-time reserve earlier approaches
The integrated decision making at local, regional, national or EU level have to be helped with a similarly coordinated data,
statistical, monitoring and evaluation system of urban transport. This paper’s aim is to set up a framework for monitoring urban
mobility by a criteria set which helps determining indicators from general objectives through urban (mobility) objectives. Indicators
set up this way should be suitable to benchmark and compare progress of urban areas across the EU, paying special attention to
integrated approach while defining the methodology.
Keywords: urban mobility | indicators |monitoring | benchmarking |
مقاله انگلیسی |
8 |
Dynamic adaptive policymaking for the sustainable city: The case of automated taxis
سیاست تطبیقی پویا برای شهر پایدار: مورد تاکسی خودکار-2017 By 2050, about two-thirds of the world’s people are expected to live in urban areas. But, the
economic viability and sustainability of city centers is threatened by problems related to
transport, such as pollution, congestion, and parking. Much has been written about automated vehicles and demand responsive transport. The combination of these potentially disruptive developments could reduce these problems. However, implementation is held
back by uncertainties, including public acceptance, liability, and privacy. So, their potential
to reduce urban transport problems may not be fully realized. We propose an adaptive
approach to implementation that takes some actions right away and creates a framework
for future actions that allows for adaptations over time as knowledge about performance
and acceptance of the new system (called ‘automated taxis’) accumulates and critical
events for implementation take place. The adaptive approach is illustrated in the context
of a hypothetical large city
Keywords: Deep uncertainty | Dynamic adaptive policymaking | Demand responsive transport | Automated taxis |
مقاله انگلیسی |