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آیا آزادسازی بازار سهام ، همزمانی قیمت سهام را کاهش می دهد؟ شواهدی از اتصال سهام شانگهای-هنگ کنگ
سال انتشار: 2022 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 14 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 41 در این مطالعه تأثیر آزادسازی بازار سهام بر همزمانی قیمت سهام را با استفاده از سیاست جدید اصلاحی آزادسازی بازار سهام در چین در زمینه متصل کردن بازار سهام شانگهای-هنگ کنگ (SHSC)، به عنوان یک طرح نیمه آزمایشی، بررسی میکنیم. آنالیز تفاوت در تفاوت نشان می دهد که اجرای SHSC به طور معناداری همزمانی قیمت سهام شرکت های واجد شرایط پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار شانگهای را کاهش می دهد و این تاثیر عمدتاً در شرکت های پذیرفته شده ای که درجه "باز بودن" آنها کمتر است ،وجود دارد. علاوه بر این، ما اثبات می کنیم که SHSC شفافیت اطلاعات و فراوانی افشاء داوطلبانه را ارتقا می دهد. در نهایت، دریافتیم که SHSC بر همزمانی قیمت سهام شرکت های واجد شرایط پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار هنگ کنگ تأثیر نمی گذارد.
کلمات کلیدی: آزادسازی بازار سهام | همزمانی قیمت سهام | اتصال بازار سهام شانگهای-هنگ کنگ | کارایی اطلاعات |
مقاله ترجمه شده |
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TUI Model for data privacy assessment in IoT networks
مدل TUI برای ارزیابی حریم خصوصی داده ها در شبکه های اینترنت اشیا-2022 The development of the Internet of Things (IoT) has been at the forefront of progressing societal
functionality. However, the addition of IoT devices in conventional information technology (IT)
infrastructure has raised and prioritized the concern of information security and data privacy. The
Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) is a framework for providing information to the
public about the impact of vulnerabilities and exploits executed on a multitude of devices. While
the CVSS addresses a plethora of conditions for vulnerabilities, it does not adequately make end-
users aware of the impact data privacy can have on their devices. The primary objective of this
research work is to extend the existing CVSS and propose a new model that acknowledges
Transparency, Unlinkability, and Intervenability (TUI) to address the data privacy issues of IoT
devices when scoring impacts of vulnerabilities. Our research has developed this model to provide
a new sufficient score for analyzing the true impact of compromised data privacy. After the
development of the new scoring for TUI, our research highlights case studies to emphasize the
impact our TUI model will have on the CVSS. We strongly believe that our proposed model benefit
both the individual users (consumers of IoT devices) and the industry to portray the possible
vulnerabilities from a user standpoint as well as a manufacturer standpoint. keywords: حریم خصوصی داده ها | امنیت اینترنت اشیا | مدل سیا | امتیازدهی آسیب پذیری | امنیت دستگاه | ارزیابی امنیتی | Data privacy | IoT security | CIA model | Vulnerability scoring | Device security | Security assessment |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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A conceptual IoT-based early-warning architecture for remote monitoring of COVID-19 patients in wards and at home
یک معماری مفهومی هشدار اولیه مبتنی بر اینترنت اشیا برای نظارت از راه دور بیماران COVID-19 در بخش ها و در خانه-2022 Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, health services around the globe are struggling. An effective system for monitoring patients can improve healthcare delivery by avoiding in-person
contacts, enabling early-detection of severe cases, and remotely assessing patients’ status.
Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have been used for monitoring patients’ health with
wireless wearable sensors in different scenarios and medical conditions, such as noncommunicable and infectious diseases. Combining IoT-related technologies with early-warning
scores (EWS) commonly utilized in infirmaries has the potential to enhance health services delivery significantly. Specifically, the NEWS-2 has been showing remarkable results
in detecting the health deterioration of COVID-19 patients. Although the literature presents
several approaches for remote monitoring, none of these studies proposes a customized,
complete, and integrated architecture that uses an effective early-detection mechanism for
COVID-19 and that is flexible enough to be used in hospital wards and at home. Therefore,
this article’s objective is to present a comprehensive IoT-based conceptual architecture that
addresses the key requirements of scalability, interoperability, network dynamics, context
discovery, reliability, and privacy in the context of remote health monitoring of COVID-19
patients in hospitals and at home. Since remote monitoring of patients at home (essential
during a pandemic) can engender trust issues regarding secure and ethical data collection,
a consent management module was incorporated into our architecture to provide transparency and ensure data privacy. Further, the article details mechanisms for supporting a
configurable and adaptable scoring system embedded in wearable devices to increase usefulness and flexibility for health care professions working with EWS.
keywords: نظارت از راه دور | کووید-۱۹ | اخبار-2 | معماری | رضایت | اینترنت اشیا | Remote monitoring | COVID-19 | NEWS-2 | Architecture | Consent | IoT |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Integrating blockchain into supply chain safeguarded by PUF-enabled RFID
ادغام بلاک چین در زنجیره تامین که توسط RFID دارای PUF محافظت می شود-2022 Due to globalization, supply chain networks are moving towards higher complexity and
becoming vulnerable to various kinds of attacks such as counterfeiting, information tampering,
and so on. Appropriate approaches are necessary to tackle different types of attacks and
to ensure the required supply chain security. In this paper, we have addressed the product
counterfeiting issue using Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) enabled Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag. In this research, as a preferred alternative to the traditional centralized
databases, blockchain technology has been leveraged to support anti-counterfeiting. Applying
blockchain technology to supply chains can add many useful features such as decentralization,
immutability, transparency, traceability, non-repudiation, complicated record-keeping, and so
on. We have also used a reputation-based consensus algorithm for the blockchain which is less
resource-intensive and thus will not indirectly impose additional cost on supply chain products.
In the same research direction, we have devised our system architecture that is suitable for
lightweight supply chain devices. The proposed three protocols namely: registration protocol,
verification protocol, and transaction protocol along with the blockchain technology help to
transfer the ownership of the authentic product and keep the sensitive supply chain information
safe. An encryption-based secret sharing technique has also been introduced to assist data
protection.
keywords: Blockchain | PUF | RFID | Secret sharing | Supply chain security |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Accounting as a technology of neoliberalism: The accountability role of IPSAS in Nigeria
حسابداری به عنوان فناوری نئولیبرالیسم: نقش پاسخگویی IPSAS در نیجریه-2021 This paper critically examines the implications for Nigeria’s indebtedness of neoliberalism
as a neo-colonial dependency concept and International Public Sector Accounting
Standards (IPSAS) as a technology of a new form of economic imperialism. As Nigeria’s
huge oil and gas revenues continue to be lost to corruption, the country relies on loans
from Paris Club countries and International Financial Institutions (IFIs), notably the
World Bank. In 1999, when the country changed from military to democratic
governance, Nigeria’s debt to the Paris Club and the World Bank was $30bn. With
pressure from the Paris Club and the World Bank to repay its debts, the new democratic
Nigerian government sought debt forgiveness and rescheduling. Although the World
Bank, representing the creditors in debt negotiation, does not go into specific accounting
standards to be adopted by debtor nations, the Bank does require Nigeria to embrace
neoliberal economic reforms (including public sector reporting framework that produces
consistently relevant and reliable financial information – which denotes IPSAS). Despite
the partial debt forgiveness, repayment of the balance of the debt and adoption of IPSAS,
Nigeria remains endemically corrupt, relies on loans from powerful nations and IFIs, and
has again become debt-laden. Contrary to neoliberal assumptions therefore, we provide
the evidence that better accounting may not necessarily be a panacea for economic
development.
keywords: نئولیبرالیسم | موسسات مالی بین المللی (IFIS) | حسابداری بین المللی بخش دولتی | استانداردها (خود) | فساد | شفافیت و پاسخگویی | Neoliberalism | International Financial Institutions (IFIs) | International Public Sector Accounting | Standards (IPSAS) | Corruption | Transparency and Accountability |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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NGOs, public accountability, and critical accounting education: Making data speak
سازمانهای غیردولتی، مسئولیتپذیری عمومی و آموزش حسابداری انتقادی: صحبت کردن از دادهها-2021 The purpose of the paper is to provide theoretical and empirical insights into NGO accountability
in the context of public sector accounting. We present a case study of two advocacy Italian NGOs
which act as informational surrogates in the accountability relationship between local governments
and the civic public. We extend the concept of surrogate accountability by integrating accounting
education as one of its features. Alongside making data accessible, NGOs in our case explain
accounting terms and organise educational events. By doing so, they aim to “repair” the weak
information link in the accountability mechanism of local governments. keywords: آموزش حسابداری انتقادی | پاسخگویی به سازمان های غیر دولتی | دولت باز | پاسخگویی عمومی | پاسخگویی جایگزین | شفافیت | Critical accounting education | NGO accountability | Open government | Public accountability | Surrogate accountability | Transparency |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Digital extraction: Blockchain traceability in mineral supply chains
استخراج دیجیتال: قابلیت ردیابی بلاکچین در زنجیره های تأمین مواد معدنی-2021 Digital data — including technologically-mediated data generated by blockchain-enabled traceability — is performing an increasingly integral role in extractive operations, but scarce attention has been paid to the structuring effect of these digital technologies or the socio-economic spatiality of data-driven mining operations. Drawing on extensive qualitative research (interviews, participant observation, and two sets of survey data among actors relevant to these mineral supply chains), this article advances the notion of “digital extraction” todescribe the collection, analysis, and instrumentalization of digital data generated under the banner of blockchain-based due diligence, chain of custody certifications, and various transparency mechanisms, situated alongside and in support of mineral extraction. The article mobilizes concepts from political geography and political ecology to argue that digital technologies of traceability in extractive processes potentially create new forms of control and exclusion or exacerbate existing social, political, and territorial dispossession through asymmetric relations of power and knowledge in mineral supply chains. Despite industry efforts to make mineral supply chains more sustainable by resorting to digital certification and traceability, the strategic uses of un- certainty, ignorance, and ambiguity undergirding blockchain-enabled traceability systems fail to challenge existing inequalities in resource use and access or fulfill the promise of transparency and accountability. Keywords: Blockchain | Traceability | Mining | Digital extraction | Certification | Digital technology | Political ecology |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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The financial impacts of environmental violations on supply chains: Evidence from an emerging market
تأثیرات مالی تخلفات زیست محیطی بر زنجیره های تأمین: شواهدی از یک بازار در حال ظهور-2021 Based on 100 environmental violations occurring in China in 2018 and matched supply chain relationship data obtained from Bloomberg, our research shows that environmental violations have negative financial impacts on not only the violators but also their supply chain partners including customers and suppliers. Nevertheless, environmental transparency and supply chain diversity help these supply chain partners mitigate the negative effects arising from the environmental violations. While the mitigating role of environmental transparency is more pronounced for customers than suppliers, supply chain diversity has a similar mitigating effect for both customers and suppliers. Keywords: Environmental violation | Emerging market | Environmental transparency | Supply chain diversity | Market value |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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Investigation and assessment of blockchain technology adoption in the pharmaceutical supply chain
بررسی و ارزیابی پذیرش فناوری بلاکچین در زنجیره تأمین دارویی-2021 The global pharmaceutical industry has gone through several changes in the past decade related to the adoption of new technologies. The challenges that are faced by this industry mostly involve counterfeit drugs and operational issues. The involvement of cold chain for vaccines, medicine etc. is also impacting the secure logistics and transportation. Newly introduce blockchain technologies have capabilities to address these issues. The challenge which needs to address is the requirement of tracking the product authenticity from start production to consumption point to prevent further financial losses. The present study has proposed the investigation and assessment of blockchain for integration in the supply chain model of the pharmaceutical to securely record transactions between parties enhancing trust and transparency. The blockchain adaptation and implementation to address the supply chain challenges are discussed.© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Confer- ence on Technological Advancements in Materials Science and Manufacturing. Keywords: Pharmaceutical supply chain | Blockchain technology | Decentralised system | Conceptual model | Assessment model |
مقاله انگلیسی |
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The impact of supply chain network structure on relationship management strategies: An empirical investigation of sustainability practices in retailers
تأثیر ساختار شبکه زنجیره تامین بر استراتژی های مدیریت رابطه: بررسی تجربی شیوه های پایداری در خرده فروشان-2021 The implementation of sustainability practices in today’s complex supply chain network (SCN) has been a great challenge for focal firms. To establish a sustainable SCN, understanding is needed about how focal firms’ decision-making processes can be affected by the extent to which they are embedded within a wider stakeholder network. Despite the increasing amount of research in sustainable supply chain management (SSCM), the way (why and how) that focal firms and their SCN actors interact in terms of sustainability practices has not been thoroughly explored. This paper investigates the impact of SCN structure on focal firms’ relationship management strategies (RMS) and identifies strategies that may be employed to implement sustainability practices throughout the SCN. A web-based survey was undertaken to collect data from a sample of 66 Australian food manufacturers and suppliers within two large retailers’ SCNs. The paper’s constructs were validated via exploratory factor analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses. Five factors conceptualizing the SCN structure were identified (transparency, power, supplier dependency, buyer dependency, and distance) to determine the impact of the SCN structure on four RMS (non-compliance, transactional, dictatorial, and collaborative). Results show different relationships between each factor and RMS, thereby providing new insights into the implementation of sustainability practices in the SCN. The findings may assist managers to determine a balance in allocating resources to manage sustainability practices within their firms’ SCNs. This paper is amongst the few empirical works that examine the impact of SCN structure on RMS in SSCM.© 2021 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Sustainable supply chain management | Supply chain network structure | Relationship management strategies |
مقاله انگلیسی |