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Sustainable-responsible tourism discourse: Towards responsible tourism
گفتمان گردشگری پایدار-مسئول: به سوی گردشگری مسئول-2016 Despite several decades of academic and practical debate on tourism sustainability, its application in
practice remains difficult. The dominant tourism discourse on sustainability (theory, seen as a concept)
and responsibility (practice, understood as appropriate action) calls for a solid understanding of the
process of how a responsible destination actually implements a sustainability agenda, which this paper
aims to provide. In this context, we explore theoretical perspectives from political economics and
behavioural economics to offer a well-reasoned integrated sustainabilityeresponsibility model
comprising three stages: Awareness, Agenda and Action. This Triple-A Model complements the sus
tainability indicators debate and provides advice on how to continuously implement the sustainability
concept and move from market-value-led and environmentally laissez-faire tourism towards more
environmental- and social-value-driven responsible tourism. In addition, this paper discusses the
existing sustainability and responsibility nomenclatures and their use and contributes relevant conclu
sions on the current understanding of sustainability and responsibility in European and UNWTO prac
tices. The term responsustable tourism is suggested to join two existing terms and demonstrate that the
current understanding of responsible tourism behaviour is based on the concept of sustainable tourism.
Keywords: Sustainable tourism | Responsible tourism | Responsustable tourism | CSR | Behavioural economics | Triple-A Model |
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