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Two media-reported vaccine events in China from 2013 to 2016: Impact on confidence and vaccine utilization
دو واقعه واکسن گزارش شده توسط رسانه ها در چین از سال 2013 تا 2016: تأثیر بر اعتماد به نفس و استفاده از واکسن-2020 Background: China media reported infant deaths following hepatitis B vaccination in late 2013, leading to
temporary suspension of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB Event) until the deaths were shown to be coincidental
and the vaccine was of standard, good quality. In 2016, a criminal ring in Shandong province that had
been purchasing, improperly storing, and reselling Category 2 vaccines (private-sector) to 60 (of
200,000) clinics for 5 years, was exposed, publicized, and prosecuted, and the potential health and epidemiological
impacts were investigated to determine whether revaccination was necessary (Shandong
Vaccine Event).
Methods: We assessed parental confidence in vaccines through 9 telephone surveys in 6 and 11 provinces
before, during, and after the two events. Provider confidence was assessed through in-person interviews
following each event. Vaccine utilization was assessed using Immunization Information Management
System data from township clinics.
Results: In the early stages of each event, approximately 30% of parents indicated vaccine hesitancy and
18% said they would refuse routine immunization. Five and nine months after each event, hesitancy and
refusal decreased, but not to pre-event levels. During the Shandong Vaccine Event, 491% of parents indicated
refusal to use Category 2 vaccines; six months later, the rate was 328%. Use of HepB decreased by
21% during the first 2 weeks of the HepB Event and by 126% during the first 4 weeks of Shandong Vaccine
Event, but returned to baseline in less than 3 months. Use of Category 2 vaccine decreased by 495% in the
first 3 weeks of the Shandong Vaccine Event and by 287% 6 months later. After the Shandong Vaccine
Event, 64% of clinicians held high confidence in routine immunization, lower than at baseline.
Conclusions: The two events caused mistrust, loss of confidence, and decreases in use of vaccines by parents
and providers. In addition to ensuring immunization program integrity, effective communications
and ongoing monitoring of vaccine use and confidence should be included to restore confidence and trust
in vaccines. Keywords: Vaccine safety-related event | Vaccine hesitancy | Vaccine utilization | Vaccine confidence |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
Semantic network analysis of vaccine sentiment in online social media
تجزیه و تحلیل شبکه معنایی احساسات واکسن در رسانه های اجتماعی آنلاین-2017 Objective: To examine current vaccine sentiment on social media by constructing and analyzing semantic
networks of vaccine information from highly shared websites of Twitter users in the United States; and to
assist public health communication of vaccines.
Background: Vaccine hesitancy continues to contribute to suboptimal vaccination coverage in the United
States, posing significant risk of disease outbreaks, yet remains poorly understood.
Methods: We constructed semantic networks of vaccine information from internet articles shared by
Twitter users in the United States. We analyzed resulting network topology, compared semantic differ
ences, and identified the most salient concepts within networks expressing positive, negative, and neu
tral vaccine sentiment.
Results: The semantic network of positive vaccine sentiment demonstrated greater cohesiveness in dis
course compared to the larger, less-connected network of negative vaccine sentiment. The positive sen
timent network centered around parents and focused on communicating health risks and benefits,
highlighting medical concepts such as measles, autism, HPV vaccine, vaccine-autism link, meningococcal dis
ease, and MMR vaccine. In contrast, the negative network centered around children and focused on orga
nizational bodies such as CDC, vaccine industry, doctors, mainstream media, pharmaceutical companies, and
United States. The prevalence of negative vaccine sentiment was demonstrated through diverse messag
ing, framed around skepticism and distrust of government organizations that communicate scientific evi
dence supporting positive vaccine benefits.
Conclusion: Semantic network analysis of vaccine sentiment in online social media can enhance under
standing of the scope and variability of current attitudes and beliefs toward vaccines. Our study synthe
sizes quantitative and qualitative evidence from an interdisciplinary approach to better understand
complex drivers of vaccine hesitancy for public health communication, to improve vaccine confidence
and vaccination coverage in the United States.
Keywords: Vaccine hesitancy | Vaccine sentiment | Semantic network analysis | Online social media | Twitter |
مقاله انگلیسی |