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A relational account of visual short-term memory (VSTM)
یک گزارش ارتباطی از حافظه کوتاه مدت بصری (VSTM)-2021 Visual short-term memory (VSTM) is an important resource that allows temporarily storing
visual information. Current theories posit that elementary features (e.g., red, green) are
encoded and stored independently of each other in VSTM. However, they have difficulty
explaining the similarity effect, that similar items can be remembered better than dissimilar
items. In Experiment 1, we tested (N ¼ 20) whether the similarity effect may be due to
storing items in a context-dependent manner in VSTM (e.g., as the reddest/yellowest item).
In line with a relational account of VSTM, we found that the similarity effect is not due to
feature similarity, but to an enhanced sensitivity for detecting changes when the relative
colour of a to-be-memorised item changes (e.g., from reddest to not-reddest item; than
when an item underwent the same change but retained its relative colour; e.g., still
reddest). Experiment 2 (N ¼ 20) showed that VSTM load, as indexed by the CDA amplitude
in the EEG, was smaller when the colours were ordered so that they all had the same
relationship than when the same colours were out-of-order, requiring encoding different
relative colours. With this, we report two new effects in VSTM e a relational detection
advantage that describes an enhanced sensitivity to relative changes in change detection,
and a relational CDA effect, which reflects that VSTM load, as indexed by the CDA, scales
with the number of (different) relative features between the memory items. These findings
support a relational account of VSTM and question the view that VSTM stores features
such as colours independently of each other.
keywords: حافظه کوتاه مدت بصری (VSTM) | حافظه کاری ویژوال (VWM) | حساب ارتباطی | اثر شباهت | CDA برای دیدن | Visual short-term memory (VSTM) | Visual working memory (VWM) | Relational account | Similarity effect | CDA in EEG |
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