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1 |
Projecting land use change impacts on nutrients, sediment and runoff in multiple spatial scales: Business-as-usual vs. stakeholder-informed scenarios
پیش بینی اثرات تغییر کاربری اراضی روی مواد مغذی ، رسوب و رواناب در مقیاس های مکانی مختلف: تجارت معمول در مقابل سناریوهای آگاه از ذینفعان-2020 While the impact of land use/land cover (LULC) change on watersheds has been extensively studied, little
attention has been given to the variability of this impact with respect to the projected LULC scenarios at a
range of spatial scales. Here, a spatial LULC change model was coupled with the Chesapeake Bay
Watershed Model to investigate LULC change impact on nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous) and
sediment loads and runoff volume in northwestern Virginia, U.S. Using 2011 as the baseline scenario, we
examined four stakeholder-informed future (50 years hence) LULC scenarios, which differed in projection
of population growth and planning strategy, along with a ‘business-as-usual’ (BAU) scenario, which
projected historical LULC trends into the future. Four LULCsdDeveloped, Forest, Grasses and
Cropsdwere dynamically transitioned. The difference in projected nutrient and sediment loads and
runoff volume between the LULC scenarios was greater at finer spatial scales, where planning decisions
are most commonly made. The LULC change scenario with reactive planning and high population growth
resulted in the largest increase in runoff volume, while the scenario with reactive planning and low
population growth showed the largest increase in modeled nutrient and sediment loads. These results
suggested that planning strategy plays a more critical role than population growth in watershed
management. Keywords: Land use/land cover change | Watershed modeling | Nutrient and sediment pollution | Surface runoff |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
OpenMP Parallelization of a Gridded SWAT (SWATG)
OpenMP Parallelization of a Gridded SWAT (SWATG)-2017 Large-scale, long-term and high spatial resolution simulation is a common issue
in environmental modeling. A Gridded Hydrologic Response Unit (HRU)-based Soil
and Water Assessment Tool (SWATG) that integrates grid modeling scheme with
different spatial representations also presents such problems. The time-consuming
problem affects applications of very high resolution large-scale watershed modeling.
The OpenMP (Open Multi-Processing) parallel application interface is integrated with
SWATG (called SWATGP) to accelerate grid modeling based on the HRU level. Such
parallel implementation takes better advantage of the computational power of a shared
memory computer system. We conducted two experiments at multiple temporal and
spatial scales of hydrological modeling using SWATG and SWATGP on a high-end
server. At 500-m resolution, SWATGP was found to be up to nine times faster than
SWATG in modeling over a roughly 2,000 km2 watershed with 1 CPU and a 15 thread
configuration. The study results demonstrate that parallel models save considerable
time relative to traditional sequential simulation runs. Parallel computations of
environmental models are beneficial for model applications, especially at large spatial
and temporal scales and at high resolutions. The proposed SWATGP model is thus a
promising tool for large-scale and high-resolution water resources research and
management in addition to offering data fusion and model coupling ability.
Keywords: grid | parallel | SWAT | hydrological model | OpenMP |
مقاله انگلیسی |