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ردیف | عنوان | نوع |
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1 |
Equivalence Checking of Quantum Circuits With the ZX-Calculus
بررسی هم ارزی مدارهای کوانتومی با ZX-calculus-2022 As state-of-the-art quantum computers are capable of running increasingly complex algorithms, the need for
automated methods to design and test potential applications
rises. Equivalence checking of quantum circuits is an important,
yet hardly automated, task in the development of the quantum
software stack. Recently, new methods have been proposed that
tackle this problem from widely different perspectives. One of
them is based on the ZX-calculus, a graphical rewriting system
for quantum computing. However, the power and capability of
this equivalence checking method has barely been explored.
The aim of this work is to evaluate the ZX-calculus as a
tool for equivalence checking of quantum circuits. To this end,
it is demonstrated how the ZX-calculus based approach for
equivalence checking can be expanded in order to verify the
results of compilation flows and optimizations on quantum
circuits. It is also shown that the ZX-calculus based method
is not complete—especially for quantum circuits with ancillary
qubits. In order to properly evaluate the proposed method,
we conduct a detailed case study by comparing it to two other
state-of-the-art methods for equivalence checking: one based
on path-sums and another based on decision diagrams. The
proposed methods have been integrated into the publicly available
QCEC tool (https://github.com/cda-tum/qcec) which is
part of the Munich Quantum Toolkit (MQT).
Index Terms: Quantum computing | formal verification | quantum circuit. |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
Retargetable Optimizing Compilers for Quantum Accelerators via a Multilevel Intermediate Representation
کامپایلرهای بهینه سازی مجدد قابل هدف گیری برای شتاب دهنده های کوانتومی از طریق یک نمایش میانی چند سطحی-2022 We present a multilevel quantum–classical intermediate representation (IR) that
enables an optimizing, retargetable compiler for available quantum languages.
Our work builds upon the multilevel intermediate representation (MLIR)
framework and leverages its unique progressive lowering capabilities to map
quantum languages to the low-level virtual machine (LLVM) machine-level IR.
We provide both quantum and classical optimizations via the MLIR pattern
rewriting subsystem and standard LLVM optimization passes, and demonstrate
the programmability, compilation, and execution of our approach via standard
benchmarks and test cases. In comparison to other standalone language and
compiler efforts available today, our work results in compile times that are
1,000 faster than standard Pythonic approaches, and 5–10 faster than
comparative standalone quantum language compilers. Our compiler provides
quantum resource optimizations via standard programming patterns that result
in a 10 reduction in entangling operations, a common source of program
noise. We see this work as a vehicle for rapid quantum compiler prototyping.
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مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
The relationship between syntactic complexity and rhetorical move-steps in research article introductions: Variation among four social science and engineering disciplines
رابطه پیچیدگی نحوی و گامهای حرکت بلاغی در مقدمههای مقاله پژوهشی: تنوع در میان چهار رشته علوم اجتماعی و مهندسی-2021 This study investigates disciplinary variation in the relationship between syntactic complexity
and rhetorical move-steps in research article (RA) introductions. Our data consisted of the
introduction sections of 400 published RAs in two core social science disciplines, Anthropology
and Sociology, and two core engineering disciplines, Chemical Engineering and Electrical Engineering. Each sample was manually annotated for rhetorical move-steps using an adapted version
of Swales’ (2004) revised Create a Research Space model and assessed for syntactic complexity
using multiple measures of global complexity, finite subordination, clausal elaboration, and
phrasal complexity. Our results revealed significant disciplinary variation in terms of the syntactic
complexity of sentences realizing each of six rhetorical move-steps commonly found in RA introductions. Our findings contribute to the emerging understanding of disciplinary variation in
function-form mappings in RA writing and have useful implications for genre-based academic
writing research and pedagogy.
Keywords: Academic writing | Disciplinary variation | Function-form mappings | Genre analysis | Linguistic features | Rhetorical goals |
مقاله انگلیسی |
4 |
An easy-to-explain decision support framework for forensic analysis of dynamic signatures
یک چارچوب پشتیبانی تصمیم آسان برای تجزیه و تحلیل پزشکی قانونی امضاهای پویا-2021 Forensic handwriting examination is often criticized for its lack of objective standards and rigorous scientific validation. On the other hand, cutting-edge techniques for biometric handwriting and signature verification are often perceived as perfect black boxes and are not used by forensic handwriting examiners in their work environment. This paper presents an easy-to-explain yet effective framework to support semi-automatic signature verification in forensic settings. The proposed approach is based on measuring similarities between signatures by applying Dynamic Time Warping on easy-to-derive dynamic features. The goal is to provide forensic handwriting examiners with a decision support tool for making reproducible and less questionable inferences, while being both intuitive and easy to explain. The method is tested on a newly proposed dataset that also takes into account the so-called disguised sig- natures which are of extreme importance in this scenario.© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Dynamic signatures | Forensic handwriting examination | Behavioral biometrics | Decision support system | Disguised signatures |
مقاله انگلیسی |
5 |
Finding the shortest path in a familiar environment: A comparison between describing and walking a path after accounting for the role of individual factors
پیدا کردن کوتاه ترین مسیر در یک محیط آشنا: مقایسه بین توصیف و پیاده روی مسیر پس از حسابداری برای نقش عوامل فردی-2021 Finding the shortest path to a destination is a refined navigation ability little explored as yet in familiar envi-
ronments. The present study examined this ability when walking or describing the path, and how performance
relates to individual differences. Sixty-seven undergraduates familiar with the area around their campus were
asked to find the shortest path to a destination by walking there or describing it in writing. Several visuospatial
tasks and questionnaires were administered. It emerged that shortest path finding performance was supported by
familiarity and sense of direction. After accounting for these individual factors, participants performed better
when walking than when describing a path. Overall, the results showed that retrieving spatial knowledge about
familiar environments relates to individual differences and recall condition, walking a path being easier than
describing it. keywords: محیط زیست آشنا | کوتاه ترین مسیر پیدا کردن | شرح فضایی | توانایی واسطه | حس جهت | جهت یابی | Familiar environment | Shortest path finding | Spatial description | Visuospatial ability | Sense of direction | Navigation |
مقاله انگلیسی |
6 |
MISS-D: A fast and scalable framework of medical image storage service based on distributed file system
MISS-D: یک چارچوب سریع و مقیاس پذیر از خدمات ذخیره سازی تصویر پزشکی بر اساس سیستم فایل توزیع شده-2020 Background and Objective Processing of medical imaging big data is deeply challenging due to the size of
data, computational complexity, security storage and inherent privacy issues. Traditional picture archiving
and communication system, which is an imaging technology used in the healthcare industry, generally
uses centralized high performance disk storage arrays in the practical solutions. The existing storage solutions
are not suitable for the diverse range of medical imaging big data that needs to be stored reliably
and accessed in a timely manner. The economical solution is emerging as the cloud computing which
provides scalability, elasticity, performance and better managing cost. Cloud based storage architecture
for medical imaging big data has attracted more and more attention in industry and academia.
Methods This study presents a novel, fast and scalable framework of medical image storage service based
on distributed file system. Two innovations of the framework are introduced in this paper. An integrated
medical imaging content indexing file model for large-scale image sequence is designed to adapt to the
high performance storage efficiency on distributed file system. A virtual file pooling technology is proposed,
which uses the memory-mapped file method to achieve an efficient data reading process and
provides the data swapping strategy in the pool.
Result The experiments show that the framework not only has comparable performance of reading and
writing files which meets requirements in real-time application domain, but also bings greater convenience
for clinical system developers by multiple client accessing types. The framework supports different
user client types through the unified micro-service interfaces which basically meet the needs of
clinical system development especially for online applications. The experimental results demonstrate the
framework can meet the needs of real-time data access as well as traditional picture archiving and communication
system.
Conclusions This framework aims to allow rapid data accessing for massive medical images, which can be
demonstrated by the online web client for MISS-D framework implemented in this paper for real-time
data interaction. The framework also provides a substantial subset of features to existing open-source and
commercial alternatives, which has a wide range of potential applications. Keywords: Hadoop distributed file system | Data packing | Memory mapping file | Message queue | Micro-service | Medical imaging |
مقاله انگلیسی |
7 |
Managing the risks of energy efficiency insurances in a portfolio context: An actuarial diversification approach
مدیریت ریسک بیمه های بهره وری انرژی در یک زمینه پرتفوی: یک رویکرد متنوع سازی مجذوب-2020 To achieve ambitious international climate goals, an increase of energy efficiency investments is necessary and,
thus, a growing market potential arises. Concomitantly, the relevance of managing the risk of financing and
insuring energy efficiency measures increases continuously. Energy Efficiency Insurances encourage investors by
guaranteeing a predefined energy efficiency performance. However, literature on quantitative analysis of pricing
and diversification effects of such novel insurance solutions is scarce. This paper provides a first approach for the
analysis of diversification potential on three levels: collective risk diversification, cross product line diversification,
and financial hedging. Based on an extensive real-world data set for German residential buildings, the
analysis reveals that underwriting different Energy Efficiency Insurance types and constructing Markowitz
Minimum Variance Portfolios halves overall risk in terms of standard deviation. We evince that Energy Efficiency
Insurances can diversify property insurance portfolios and reduce regulatory capital for insurers under Solvency
II constraints. Moreover, we show that Energy Efficiency Insurances potentially supersede financial market instruments
such as weather derivatives in diversifying property insurance portfolios. In summary, these three
levels of diversification effects constitute an additional benefit for the introduction of Energy Efficiency
Insurances and may positively impact their market development. Keywords: Energy efficiency investment | Energy efficiency insurance | Energy portfolio risk management | Energy portfolio optimization | Risk diversification |
مقاله انگلیسی |
8 |
Authorial control of the Supreme Court: Chief Justice Roberts and the Obamacare surprise
کنترل مقامات دیوان عالی: رابرتز رئیس دادگستری و شگفتی اوباماکر-2020 This article models the interaction of key factors missed in most accounts of Supreme Court decision
making – that is, the interaction of the rules of authorship (chief and senior justice authorship rights),
authorship utility (in terms of justice reputation, and the chief justice’s legacy), and the constraint of legal
doctrines. We model how (1) the chief justices and senior median justices compete for case authorship
and have incentives to vote for policy outcomes they do not prefer in order to gain authorship control of
the Court’s opinion (and the added reputation and legacy utility that comes with authorship), and (2) legal
doctrines may enhance or restrict such behavior. We illustrate the model through a stylized account of the
Supreme Court’s 2012 “Obamacare” decision where the deciding vote of Chief Justice Roberts to uphold
Obamacare (along with his authorship of the opinion), and the dissenting vote of Justice Kennedy to
repeal Obamacare, follow the implications of our model rather than the counter expectations of Supreme
Court experts and commentators at the time. The model has implications for interpreting justice voting
and authorship behavior and how the design of legal doctrines influence the justices’ votes and opinion
authorship.
Keywords: Opinion writing | Supreme Court | Chief justice | Reputation and legacy | Obamacare decision |
مقاله انگلیسی |
9 |
On the functional forms in a psychophysical law of similarity under a subtractive representation
اشکال کارکردی در یک قانون روانشناختی شباهت تحت یک نمایندگی کاهشی-2020 Writing ξs(x) for the stimulus intensity judged greater (louder, heavier, brighter) than stimulus
intensity x with criterion s, Iverson (2006b) proposed a law of similarity ξs(λx) = γ (λ, s)ξη(λ,s)(x) to
model the dependence of ξs(x) on x. This model, which has η(λ, s) and γ (λ, s) as parameters, is quite
general and may be applied in a number of situations in psychophysics. Iverson (2006b) analyzed this
model assuming the representation s = u(ξs(x)) − u(x) and derived the possible functional forms for
the scale u. In the present work, we extend the analysis to the more general s = u(ξs(x)) − w(x) and
derive the forms for the scales u and w. We avoid the assumption of differentiability and replace it
with an assumption either of nonconstancy or of dependence on only one input variable. We find
that for some solutions, w has the same form as u, possibly with different parameters, while for other
solutions, w takes a different form than u. Comparisons are made to Iverson (2006b) and to other
work. Keywords: Functional equations | Similarity | Psychophysical modeling |
مقاله انگلیسی |
10 |
Leveraging crowdsourcing methods to collect qualitative data in addiction science: Narratives of non-medical prescription opioid, heroin, and fentanyl use
استفاده بی نظیر از روش های تأمین منابع انبوه برای جمع آوری داده های کیفی در علوم اعتیاد: روایات استفاده از داروهای افیونی ، هروئین و فنتانیل با تجویز غیر پزشکی-2020 Background: Online crowdsourcing methods have proved useful for studies of diverse designs in the behavioral
and addiction sciences. The remote and online setting of crowdsourcing research may provide easier access to
unique participant populations and improved comfort for these participants in sharing sensitive health or behavioral
information. To date, few studies have evaluated the use of qualitative research methods on crowdsourcing
platforms and even fewer have evaluated the quality of data gathered. The purpose of the present
analysis was to document the feasibility and validity of using crowdsourcing techniques for collecting qualitative
data among people who use drugs.
Methods: Participants (N=60) with a history of non-medical prescription opioid use with transition to heroin or
fentanyl use were recruited using Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk). A battery of qualitative questions was
included indexing beliefs and behaviors surrounding opioid use, transition pathways to heroin and/or fentanyl
use, and drug-related contacts with structural institutions (e.g., health care, criminal justice).
Results: Qualitative data recruitment was feasible as evidenced by the rapid sampling of a relatively large
number of participants from diverse geographic regions. Computerized text analysis indicated high ratings of
authenticity for the provided narratives. These authenticity percentiles were higher than the average of general
normative writing samples as well as than those collected in experimental settings.
Conclusions: These findings support the feasibility and quality of qualitative data collected in online settings,
broadly, and crowdsourced settings, specifically. Future work among people who use drugs may leverage
crowdsourcing methods and the access to hard-to-sample populations to complement existing studies in the
human laboratory and clinic as well as those using other digital technology methods. Keywords: Crowdsourcing | Heroin | Mechanical Turk | Opioid | Qualitative | Mixed method |
مقاله انگلیسی |