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نتیجه جستجو - codification

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 11
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Agility and system documentation in large-scale enterprise system projects: a knowledge management perspective
چابکی و اسناد سیستم در پروژه های سیستم سازمانی در مقیاس بزرگ: دیدگاه مدیریت دانش-2021
The growth of the agile approach usage comes with a deemphasis on formal documentation (explicit knowledge) and an increased reliance on personal interactions (tacit knowledge) for knowledge transfer. However, the sharing of tacit knowledge poses challenges. The agile approach is prone to knowledge hoarding, as well as knowledge loss from employee turnover and reassignment during periods of significant organizational changes. This study proposes a model that frames documentation and personal interactions as co-agents of system knowledge transfer. We report the preliminary confirmation of crucial antecedents along the dimensions of codification and personalization strategies to support our model. We present a set of findings on current practices, as well as a set of knowledge-sharing issues on system documentation based on three main categories. The first category incorporates system development approaches applied in large-scale enterprise systems projects. The second and the third categories comprise eight knowledge management themes, classified into the dimensions of personalization and codification for knowledge sharing and document practices. Finally, we put forward five propositions based on our findings.
Keywords: Agile system implementation | system documentation | system knowledge | tacit knowledge | explicit knowledge | knowledge sharing
مقاله انگلیسی
2 An ontology-based knowledge management approach supporting simulation-aided design for car crash simulation in the development phase
یک رویکرد مدیریت دانش مبتنی بر هستی شناسی حمایت از طراحی شبیه سازی کمک برای شبیه سازی تصادف اتومبیل در مرحله توسعه-2021
In the automotive industry, the design process is both costly and time-consuming. This research focuses on improving the design process by mainly reducing time while producing more robust vehicles. Vehicle development is based on simulation; thus, the design process is referred to as simulation-aided design. Engineering design is highly collaborative and knowledge intensive. Therefore, knowledge management plays a crucial role in today’s global economy and is essential for the competitiveness of companies. However, current research on engineering knowledge management focuses on either the codification or the personalisation approaches of knowledge management. Thus, this paper addresses an integrated and collaborative approach. This paper aims to develop an ontology-based knowledge management approach to support simulation-aided design, specifically car crash simulation. The knowledge management support system is designed to ensure the capture and retrieval of engineering knowledge and to enable collaboration between different stakeholders. An evaluation of the models and technologies used is also undertaken, based on use case scenarios.
keywords: مدیریت دانش | هستی شناسی | مدل دانش | بازیابی دانش | همکاری | طراحی مهندسی | شبیه سازی سقوط | Knowledge management | Ontology | Knowledge model | Knowledge retrieval | Collaboration | Engineering design | Crash simulation
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Addressing AI ethics through codification
پرداختن به اخلاق هوش مصنوعی از طریق تدوین-2020
AI ethics rapidly becomes one of the most significant issues in assessing the impact of AI on social welfare and development. A technology that does not meet the ethical criteria of a society is likely to face a long and hard process of acceptance regardless of its potentially tremendous positive potential for long-term socio-economic development. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is undoubtedly associated with the need to answer ethical questions, and the perception of AI in society will be largely determined by compliance with ethical criteria, whether written or not. At the same time, AI as a technological system itself does not have a natural ethical content; the authors believe that in practice ethical concerns may be addressed by means of ethical codes and compliance rules that articulate what constitutes ethical behaviour in specific areas of application of AI systems. Such a set of rules (a code for AI ethics) could be followed by all actors throughout the complete lifecycle of the system starting with the design stage. The specification of general ethical principles as industry-specific codes of practice would also facilitate classification, evaluation and measurement of systems, both at the technical level and at the level of public perception and trust. The article considers examples of codification of ethical principles and offers several approaches for practical use in solving issues of ethics in the field of AI at the national and international level.
Keywords: ethics | AI | codification | regulation | standards | responsibility | bias | trustworthiness | personal data protection | international cooperation in AI | soft regulation
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Introducing the law games: Predicting legal liability and fault in satellite operations
معرفی بازی های حقوقی: پیش بینی مسئولیت قانونی و خطا در انجام عملیات ماهواره ای-2020
Over recent times there has been a rise in the number of objects placed into Earth orbit. With various countries licensing a number of large constellations, the orbital population is set to increase dramatically. A significant number of technical advances have facilitated this and, in the UK and elsewhere, this has been matched by the updating of legislation and an increased policy focus on the need for increased space surveillance and tracking. The rise of large constellations coupled with an increasing number of experimental techniques such as active debris removal or on-orbit servicing procedures means that establishing fault will be crucial if litigation is to be successful. In doing this, any legal proceedings will look at both norms of behaviour, deviation from which will point towards fault and the types and standard of evidence that will be required. This paper will outline these problems in detail. It will be proposed that what is required to map out the contours of liability are both codification of the norms for satellite operations and clarity on protocols for evidence gathering in cases where fault may be contested in orbital operations. This discussion will identify that a way in which this could be achieved is by the use of ‘‘space law games”. These are simulations, similar to military war games, in which fictional scenarios could highlight some of the key legal issues that might need to be dealt with. The paper will outline some of the ways in which the law games might work and pose questions as to what data and other considerations will be needed to make such simulations meaningful.
Keywords: Space Situational Awareness | Space Law | Satellite collisions | Liability in space operations | War Gaming | Mooting
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Expatriates managers’ cultural intelligence as promoter of knowledge transfer in multinational companies
هوش فرهنگی مدیران به عنوان ترویج انتقال دانش در شرکت های چند ملیتی-2018
This study analyzes the role of the Cultural Intelligence (CQ) of expatriate managers in the processes of Conventional (CKT) and Reverse Knowledge Transfer (RKT) in Multinational Companies (MNCs). The Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was adopted to analyze the data from a survey of 103 senior expatriate managers working in Croatia. The study reveals how CQ, in all of its four dimensions (metacognitive, cognitive, behavioral, and motivational), acts as a knowledge de-codification and codification filter, assisting managers in the Knowledge Transfer process. The study also reveals how previous international experience does not moderate the positive effect of CQ on both CKT and RKT, offering important theoretical and practical insights to support MNCs in the KT process.
Keywords: Cultural Intelligence ، Knowledge Transfer ، MNCs ، Croatia ، PLS-SEM
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Fair value accounting and corporate cash holdings
حسابداری ارزش کالا و حفظ نقدینگی شرکت-2018
A trade-off often exists between relevance and reliability of accounting numbers. Prior research suggests that fair value accounting increases the relevance and decreases the reliability. The reduced reliability may lead to more agency conflicts. We predict a positive relation between the use of fair value inputs and the level of corporate cash holdings because prior research links more agency conflicts to a higher level of cash. We find that increased use of fair value inputs is associated with a higher level of cash holdings, and the results are mainly driven by Level 1 and Level 2 fair value inputs. In addition, we find that our results are stronger for firms with more-able managers.
keywords: Fair value accounting| Accounting Standards Codification 820|Fair value inputs|Corporate cash holdings
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Cooperatives and alternative food networks in Italy: The long road towards a social economy in agriculture
تعاونی ها و شبکه های غذای جایگزین در ایتالیا: راه طولانی به سوی یک اقتصاد اجتماعی در کشاورزی-2017
In the context of a special issue of the Journal of Rural Studies on more-than-economic motivations for farmers’ cooperation, this article aims to analyse the tensions and contending views of the cooperative movement in Italy with special attention to the agricultural sector and to the emergence of the new model of social cooperatives in the last decades of the 20th century. We interpret this emergence and its codification in law as the decoupling of more-than-economic motivations of cooperation from the mainstream Italian cooperative sector and their reinstatement in a new, but separate model of social cooperation more closely linked to community- and solidarity-oriented initiatives. The presence of institutional tensions and frictions hints at the fact that cooperatives have a multi faced nature expressed in the not always easy co-existence of a cooperative economy and a coopera tive movement. After the II World War, as Italian cooperatives in general and particularly agricultural cooperatives moved towards a productivist model and a ‘competitive market’ paradigm, the more-than economic aspects have continued to inspire movements for social and community economies. In the 1990s the social economy project was appropriated but somehow ‘sanitized’ by the cooperative move ment through the legally sanctioned establishment of social cooperatives and their confinement to specific sections within national cooperative federations. Later on, while the emergence of social co operatives has had little influence on the functioning and orientation of traditional agricultural co operatives and federations, the reinstatement of a social function for agriculture has taken place at the much more fluid interface between social cooperation, on the one hand, and civic agriculture movements rooted in alternative food networks and community-oriented initiatives, on the other. It is only recently that the cooperative movement has tried catch up with the new paradigms of alternative agriculture and rural development through the experimentation at regional level of the cooperative di comunit a (community cooperatives), that operate to re-affirm the role of multifunctional and multi-stakeholder cooperatives in rural/territorial development.
Keywords: Agricultural cooperatives | Social cooperatives | Community cooperatives | Alternative food networks | Social economy | Italy
مقاله انگلیسی
8 مدیریت دانش استراتژیک – دیدگاه ها و مشکلات
سال انتشار: 2017 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 5 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 12
در محیط کسب و کار به طور فزاینده جهانی شده و بیش از حد مرتبط،استفاده از دانش استراتژیک اغلب برای عملکرد رقابتی حیاتی است. این مقاله انگیزه ای برای روشن کردن مفهوم مدیریت دانش استراتژیک (SKM) در سازمان ها است. در این راستا، مدیران باید آگاهی داشته باشند که به منظور حفظ بهره وری کار و ظرفیت نوآوری به سوی ایجاد مفهومی هماهنگ از دانش استراتژیک در سازمان ها،کدام نوع از دانش سازمانی (و چقدر) می تواند "ساختار یافته" و / یا اینکه مجاز به "ازدیاد " باشد. این مقاله مفهومی بر اساس تجزیه و تحلیل نمونه های خاصی است که چرا سازمان ها باید تاکید بیشتری بر روی ایجاد تعادل بین کدگذاری(تدوین) و شخصی سازی در زمینه مدیریت دانش استراتژیک داشته باشند.توضیحات ما در مدیریت دانش استراتژیک از طریق نمونه های مختلف به ارائه دیدگاه ها و مشکلاتی که سازمانها باید از آن آگاه باشند،پرداخته است و در ادامه به آن می پردازیم. اولا، ما استدلال می کنیم که تاکید منحصر به فرد بر روی کدگذاری یا شخصی سازی، خطر «ساختار دانش» یا «گسترش دانش » را به ترتیب در مدیریت دانش استراتژیک سازمانی در بر می گیرد. دوم، مدیران بایدبه طور مداوم بر نیاز به تعادل (یا همگرایی) بین جنبه های کدگذاری وشخصی سازی SKM به منظورحفظ کارآیی و توانایی نوآوری درسازمان ها،تاکید نمایند. سوم اینکه، استدلال های مفهومی براساس تجزیه و تحلیل نمونه های خاصی که چرا سازمان ها باید تاکید بیشتری بر همگرایی بین کدگذاری و شخصی سازی در زمینه مدیریت دانش استراتژیک داشته باشند، استوار است. ما همچنین استدلال می کنیم که ابتکارات SKM که بر روی کدگذاری یا شخصی سازی تمرکز می کنند، با وجود بسیاری از مداخلات مدیریتی، می تواند منجر به بروز مشکلات شود. ما بیشتر معتقدیم که ایده های پیشنهادی ارزشمند است در حالی که ملاحظات برای مدیران مسئول بخش های نوآوری، استراتژی و فناوری اطلاعات سازمان این را ‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌تعیین می کند که آیا موتور دانش سازمان همواره در حال اجرا است و در غیر این صورت، انرژی خود را برای تولید بلند مدت و قوی نتایج به کجا هدایت کنند.
مقاله ترجمه شده
9 A novel semantic representation for eligibility criteria in clinical trials
بازنویسی معنایی جدید برای معیارهای واجد شرایط در آزمایشات بالینی-2017
Eligibility Criteria (EC) comprise an important part of a clinical study, being determinant of its cost, dura tion and overall success. Their formal, computer-processable description can significantly improve clin ical trial design and conduction by enabling their intelligent processing, replicability and linkability with other data. For EC representation purposes, related standards were investigated, along with published lit erature. Moreover, a considerable number of clinicaltrials.gov studies was analyzed in collaboration with clinical experts for the determination and classification of parameters of clinical research importance. The outcome of this process was the EC Representation; a CDISC-compliant schema for organizing criteria along with a patient-centric model for their formal expression, properly linked with international classi fications and codifications. Its evaluation against 200 randomly selected EC indicated that it can ade quately serve its purpose, while it can be also combined with existing tools and components developed for both EC specification and especially application to Electronic Health Records.
Keywords: Clinical trials | Eligibility criteria representation | Reference models | Temporal constraints | Bioinformatics | Semantic web
مقاله انگلیسی
10 استراتژیهای به اشتراک گذاشتن مدیریت دانش پروژه در بخش اتومبیل سازی
سال انتشار: 2014 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 10 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 13
مدیریت دانش پروژه به عنوان حیطه ای با اهمیت روز افزون برای محققان و سازمانها در نظر گرفته می شود. این امر فناوری ولوو، واحد تجاری نو آوری در یک شرکت چند ملیتی اتومبیل سازی سوئدی را از طریق یک مطالعه موردی کیفی به کشف این امر که چگونه می توان برای پشتیبانی به اشتراک گذاری دانش بین پروژه های درون یک سازمان مدیریت دانش پروژه ها را ارتقا داد هدایت کرد. وضعیت کنونی مدیریت دانش پروژه به واسطه یک چهارچوب نظری توسعه یافته و با درون داد سیزده مصاحبه نیمه ساخت یافته که به شیوه تکرار شونده انجام و تحلیل شده اند شرح داده می شود. این شرح نشان می دهد که مشارکت کننده از استراتژی کد گذاری برای به اشتراک گذاری دانش با سایر پروژه ها استفاده می کند در حالیکه دریافت کننده با یک استراتژی شخصی سازی برای دریافت دانش از سایر پروژه ها سازگار می شود.این شرح تحلیل شده و به واسطه با تحقیق کنونی مقایسه می شود. از انجا که درون سازمان برای ارتقاء استراتژیهای کد گذاری اقدامات متداولی وجود دارد، این تحقیق بر ارتقاء استراتژی شخصی سازی تمرکز می کند. ارتقاء جوامع عمل نیز توصیه شده است.شش مصاحبه نیمه ساخت یافته انجام شد تا ارتباط توصیه ها ارزیابی شود. مشخص شده توصیه ها برای ارتقاء مدیریت دانش پروژه در فناوری ولوو مرتبط هستند کلید واژه ها: مدیریت دانش پروژه، مدیریت پروژه، مدیریت دانش، به اشتراک گذاری دانش استراتژی شخصی سازی، استراتژی کد گذاری
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