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نتیجه جستجو - complications

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 69
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 A framework for intelligent IoT firmware compliance testing
چارچوبی برای تست سازگاری سیستم عامل اینترنت اشیاء هوشمند-2022
The recent mass production and usage of the Internet of Things (IoT) have posed serious concerns due to the unavoidable security complications. The firmware of IoT systems is a critical component of IoT security. Although multiple organizations have released security guidelines, few IoT vendors are following these guidelines properly, either due to a lack of accountability or the availability of appropriate resources. Some tools for this purpose can use static, dynamic, or fuzzing techniques to test the security of IoT firmware, which may result in false positives or failure to discover vulnerabilities. Furthermore, the vast majority of resources are devoted to a single subject, such as networking protocols, web interfaces, or Internet of Things computer applications. This paper aims to present a novel method for conducting compliance testing and vulnerability evaluation on IoT system firmware, communication interfaces, and networking services using static and dynamic analysis. The proposed system detects a broad range of security bugs across a wide range of platforms and hardware architectures. To test and validate our prototype, we ran tests on 4300 firmware images and discovered 13,000þ compliance issues. This work, we believe, will be the first step toward developing a reliable automated compliance testing framework for the IoT manufacturing industry and other stakeholders.
keywords: اینترنت اشیا | امنیت اینترنت اشیا | تست انطباق | آسیب پذیری های میان افزار | IoT | IoT security | Compliance testing | Firmware vulnerabilities
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Assessment of knowledge regarding tracheostomy care and management of early complications among healthcare professionals
ارزیابی دانش در مورد مراقبت از تراکئوستومی و مدیریت عوارض اولیه در میان متخصصان مراقبت های بهداشتی-2021
Introduction: Tracheostomy is commonly performed surgical procedure in ENT practice. Postoperative care is the most important aspect for achieving good patient outcomes. Unavailability of standard guidelines on tracheostomy management and inadequate training can make this basic practice complex. The nursing staff and doctors play a very important role in bedside management, both in the ward and in the intensive care unit (ICU) setup. Therefore, it is crucial that all healthcare providers directly involved in providing postoperative care to such patients can do this efficiently.
Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge regarding identification and management of tracheostomy-related emergencies and early complications among healthcare professionals so as to improve practice and further standardization.
Methods: Cross-sectional observational study included two hundred and fifty-four doctors and nurses from four large tertiary care hospitals. The questions used were simple and straightforward regarding tracheostomy suctioning, cuff care, cuff management, tube blockage, and feeding management in patients with tracheostomy.
Results: Based on evidence from our study, knowledge level regarding tracheostomy care ranges from 48% to 52% with knowledge scores above 50% being considered satisfactory. Significant gaps in knowledge exist in various aspects of tracheostomy care and management among healthcare professionals.
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated an adequate knowledge level among health care professionals ranging from 48% to 52% with knowledge scores above 50% being considered satisfactory and revealed that gaps in knowledge still exist in various aspects of tracheostomy care and management.
keywords: Tracheostomy | complications | Tracheostomy management | Knowledge | assessment
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Multifactor door locking systems: A review
سیستم های قفل درب چند عاملی: مروری-2021
Security has become very important, but along with that, people also need a system that is not very expensive and can be customized to meet our needs. As conventional door locks can be easily opened, this makes people vulnerable to security threats. This study attempts a comparative analysis of pre- existing researches, made in the field of security control system developed and improvised over the span of time with multifactor authentication technique’s evolvement. The components, hardware complications, work efficiency and algorithms used in each of the model is drawn as a comparison to other to pro- vide an idea of systematic development in this regard. With each passing day, security systems are advancing and new technology is being developed. Security systems or door locking mechanics have evolved from metallic door locks of primitive type keys, to advanced controlling structure with up to four or five step authentications to ensure utmost safety.© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 3rd International Conference on Materials, Manufacturing and Modelling.
Keywords: Security | Door lock | Multifactor authentication | Biometric verification | Keypad | Gsm lock
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Interval growth across gestation in pregnancies with fetal gastroschisis
رشد فاصله در حاملگی در حاملگی با گاستروشسیس جنین-2021
BACKGROUND: Gastroschisis is often complicated by fetal growth restriction, preterm delivery, and prolonged neonatal hospitalization. Prenatal management and delivery decisions are often based on estimated fetal weight and interval growth; however, appropriate interval growth from week to week across gestation for these fetuses is poorly understood.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the median increase in overall estimated fetal weight and individual biometric measurements across each week of gestation in pregnancies with fetal gastroschisis and to assess whether lower in utero fetal weight gain is predictive of postnatal growth or adverse neonatal outcomes.
STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study of pregnancies with gastroschisis evaluated at 5 institutions of the University of California Fetal-Maternal Consortium from December 2014 to December 2019. The inclusion criteria were prenatally diagnosed gastroschisis with at least 1 ultrasound performed at a University of California Fetal-Maternal Consortium institution. Estimated fetal weight and individual biometric measurements were recorded for each ultrasound performed at a University of California Fetal-Maternal Consortium institution from the time of gastroschisis diagnosis to delivery. Median estimated fetal weight and biometric measurements were calculated for each gestational age in 1-week increments. Neonatal outcomes collected were birthweight, length of stay, complications of gastroschisis (bowel atresia, bowel stricture, ischemic bowel before closure, or severe pulmonary hypoplasia), and growth failure at discharge.
RESULTS: We identified 95 pregnancies with fetal gastroschisis who, in aggregate, had 360 growth ultrasounds at a University of California FetalMaternal Consortium institution. The median interval growth was 130 g/wk. The median estimated fetal weight and abdominal circumference in fetal gastroschisis cases were approximately the tenth percentile on the Hadlock growth curve across gestation. Moreover, the median biparietal diameter, head circumference, and femur length measurements remained below the 50th percentile on the Hadlock growth curve across gestation. The median birthweight for neonates with less than the median weekly prenatal weight gain was less than for those with greater than the median weekly prenatal weight gain (2185 g vs 2780 g; P<.01). There was no difference in prenatal weight gain trajectory when comparing neonates who had or did not have bowel complications of gastroschisis.
CONCLUSION: In this multicenter cohort of pregnancies with fetal gastroschisis, the median interval growth was 130 g/wk, and overall, in utero growth closely followed the tenth percentile on the Hadlock curve. Poor prenatal growth in cases of fetal gastroschisis correlates with lower neonatal weights but did not predict a more complicated course. Key words: abdominal wall defect | biometric parameters | fetal anomaly | fetal growth restriction | nomograms | postnatal growth
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Managing Cardiac Patients: Dentists’ Knowledge, Perceptions, and Practices
مدیریت بیماران قلبی: دانش دندانپزشکان، ادراکات و شیوه های دندانپزشکان-2021
Objectives: Dental patients may require invasive treatment, and awareness of their medical conditions is essential for optimal care. We assessed the knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes of dentists practicing in Saudi Arabia (SA) and their associations with managing patients with common cardiac conditions. Methods: A national survey of knowledge and attitudes of practicing dentists towards patients with common cardiac conditions was conducted from May 2019 to July 2020 in SA. The survey comprised a newly developed, validated, electronic, self-administered English questionnaire.
Results: Overall, 282 dentists completed the survey, of whom 45.5% perceived cardiac patients as difficult to manage, while 64.5% stated that they refer these patients to cardiologists before dental intervention. Regarding knowledge about cardiac conditions, 72% achieved an overall knowledge score <55%; however, their infective endocarditis scores were better. Consultants and specialists (P < .001), those with a PhD/board certification (P = .013), dentists with prior education on cardiac patient management (P = .002), and those working with a cardiologist (P = .016) scored higher on knowledge. Conversely, private dentists (P = .003) and those referring patients to cardiologists before treatment (P = .003) scored lower. Dentists’ knowledge of cardiovascular diseases in women was low; only those who believed women experience a greater risk of cardiac complications achieved a higher score. Approximately 90.1% wished to receive education regarding cardiac patient management.
Conclusions: Knowledge of cardiac patient management was suboptimal in this study. Dentists perceived cardiac patients as difficult to manage, but wished to learn more regarding optimal management. Thus, postgraduate education programmes that promote optimal dental management strategies for cardiac patients are necessary.
keywords: Knowledge | Attitude | Dentist | Cardiac patient | Cardiac disease | Cardiovascular disease in women
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Biometric and metabolic changes in patients with diabetes prior, during and after the holy month of Ramadan (ABCD Study)
تغییرات بیومتریک و متابولیک در بیماران مبتلا به دیابت قبل ، در و پس از ماه مبارک رمضان (مطالعه ABCD)-2021
Physiological impact of the intermittent or prolonged fasting is known from various studies on healthy subjects. However, data on impact of fasting on biochemical and biometric parameters in people with diabetes is building up. Safety of Ramadan fasting has always been assessed after Ramadan. This study looked into the immediate effect of fasting during the fasting days compared to time before and after the fasting month. Methods: This is an observational study. We looked into people with biometric and biochemical records before Ramadan, and we followed them up during and after Ramadan prospectively. We were aiming for assessing the biochemical and biometric changes for people with diabetes during Ramadan in comparison to pre-and post Ramadan. As well as the differences between these measures according to type and treatment of diabetes in those who fasted as well as in those who did not fast during Ramadan. Results: Total of 342 patients were recruited to the study. All were patients with diabetes at a mild to moderate risk of complications if fasted. Majority were males 52.3% (n = 180), while females were 47.7% (n = 162). Most of the results showed a U shape between Pre-Ramadan, During Ramadan and Post-Ramadan periods. there was a modest but significant reduction in weight but regained after Ramadan. Conclusions: Our study suggests that for many people with diabetes fasting is not associated with an increased risk to their glycemic control, their weight and/or their blood pressure. Indeed, what is seen is marginal benefit or no change in all parameters. This stratifies the ongoing recommendation that allows patients with categorized as low risk to fast Ramadan or non-Ramadan days whenever desired.
Keywords: Diabetes and Ramadan | Diabetes | Fasting | Low risk | Biochemical changes in Ramadan
مقاله انگلیسی
7 The Cost of Hip and Knee Revision Arthroplasty by Diagnosis-Related Groups: Comparing Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing and Traditional Accounting
هزینه های آرتروپلاستی بازپرداخت هیپ و زانو با گروه های مرتبط با تشخیص: مقایسه هزینه های مبتنی بر فعالیت مبتنی بر زمان و حسابداری سنتی-2021
Background: Traditional hospital cost accounting (TA) has innate disadvantages that limit the ability to meaningfully measure care pathways and quality improvement. Time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) allows a meticulous account of costs in primary total joint arthroplasty (TJA). However, differences between TA and TDABC have not been examined in revision hip and knee TJA (rTJA). We aimed to compare total costs of rTJA by the diagnosis-related group (DRG), measured by TDABC vs TA. Methods: Overall costs were calculated for rTJA care cycles by DRG for 2 years of financial data (2018- 2019) at our single-specialty orthopedic institution using TA and TDABC. Costs derived from TDABC, based on time and resources used, were compared with costs derived from TA based on historical costs. Proportions of implant and nonimplant costs were measured to total TA costs. Results: Seven hundred ninety-three rTJAs were included in this study, with TA methodology resulting in higher cost estimates. The total cost per DRG 468, rTJA with no comorbidities or complications (CC), DRG 467, rTJA with CC, and DRG 466, rTJA with major CC, estimated by TDABC was 69%, 67%, and 49% of the estimation by TA, respectively. Implant and nonimplant costs represented different proportions between methodologies. Conclusion: Considerable differences exist, as TA estimations were 31%-51% higher than TDABC. The true cost is likely a value between the estimations, but TDABC presents granular and patient-specific cost data. TDABC for rTJA provides valuable bottom-up information on cost centers in the care pathway and, with targeted interventions, may lead to a more optimal delivery of value-based health care
Keywords: revision total joint arthroplasty | TDABC | traditional cost accounting | economics | practice management
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Exploring health literacy and self-management after kidney transplantation: A prospective cohort study
بررسی سواد بهداشتی و خود مدیریت پس از پیوند کلیه: یک مطالعه کوهورت آینده نگر-2021
Objective: Investigate the influence of health literacy and self-management on complications, kidney function and graft failure after kidney transplantation. Methods: We included patients who received a kidney transplant between May 2012 and May 2013 and monitored outcomes until December 2018. Health literacy was measured using the Newest Vital Sign and self-management using the Partner in Health scale (before discharge, and after 6 and 12 months). Subscales are aftercare & knowledge, coping, recognition and management of symptoms, healthy lifestyle. Complications were categorized as rejection, viral infections, and bacterial infections. Kidney function was measured using eGFR and graft survival using days until failure. Results: We included 154 patients. Higher health literacy at baseline and at 12 months was related to more viral infections (p = 0.02; p < 0.01). Lower ‘coping’ at baseline was related to more bacterial infections (p = 0.02). Higher ‘after-care and knowledge’ at 6 months (p < 0.01), and ‘recognition and management of symptoms’ at 6 months were associated with lower graft failure (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Health literacy did not influence kidney transplant related outcomes. Higher knowledge and management of symptoms were related to lower graft failure. Practice implications: Self-management support is a key focus for health care providers in the multi- disciplinary team. © 2021 Published by Elsevier B.V.
keywords: سواد بهداشتی | عوامل روان شناختی | پیوند کلیه، عوارض | خود مراقبتی | بقای پیوند | مرحله پایانی بیماری کلیوی | Health literacy | Psychosocial factors | Renal transplantation, complications | Self-care | Graft survival | End-stage renal disease
مقاله انگلیسی
9 A:L:L: Y:O:U: N:E:E:D: I:S: L:O:V:E: Manual on health self-management and patient-reported outcomes among low-income young adult Mexicans on chronic dialysis: Feasibility study
همه:شما:نیاز داشتن:است:عشق:دستیابی به سلامت خود مدیریت و نتایج گزارش شده بیمار در میان افراد کم درآمد جوانان مکزیکی های مزمن در دیالیز مزمن: مطالعه امکان سنجی-2021
Purpose: We evaluated disease knowledge/self-management skills among low-income Mexican young adults maintained on dialysis and to test the effectiveness of the A.L.L. Y.O.U. N.E.E.D. I.S. L.O.V.E (AYNIL) Manual – Spanish Version on patient-reported outcomes. This is a low literacy teaching tool designed with patients and educators input. Design and methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in 17 chronic dialysis patients at Mexico Citys Hospital General de México, Dr. Eduardo Liceaga. Ages 18–30-year-old completed disease knowledge/selfmanagement and quality of life measures before the intervention and 6 weeks later.
Results: Significant increases were observed on disease knowledge/self-management scores in the STARx questionnaire from 47 (IQ: 40,51) to 50 (IQ: 48,54) p = 0.04. The UNC-TRxANSITION Index increased significantly from 4.8 (IQ: 3.9,5.7) to 7.7 (IQ: 7.5,8.2) p ≤0.001. Significant increases in scores were detected in the “Burden of kidney disease” (p = 0.008), “Effects of kidney disease” “ (p = 0.03) and “ Dialysis staff encouragement” (p = 0.027) based on the KDQoL survey.
Conclusions: In this vulnerable population, the Spanish version of the A.L.L. Y.O.U. N.E.E.D. I.S. L.O.V.E. - AYNIL Manual improved CKD/ESRD disease knowledge/self-management skills and HRQoL. This study highlighted the need for low-literacy educational tools to improve patient-reported outcomes. Practice implications: Young adults with CKD/ESRD can benefit from patient-centered educational interventions to enhance their autonomy and the development of self-management behaviors that improve patientreported outcomes and potential complications of the disease. Special attention is needed in low-income patients with low rates of adherence to treatments and poor self-management skills.
keywords: اقدامات گزارش شده بیمار گزارش شده است | خود مدیریت | ابزارهای کم سواد آموزی | آموزش بیمار | کیفیت زندگی | خود مراقبتی | Patient-reported outcome measures | Self-management | Low-literacy tools | Patient education | Quality of life | Self-care
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Bundle-of-care interventions to improve self-management of patients with urinary catheters: Study protocol
مداخلات بسته مراقبتی برای بهبود خود مدیریتی بیماران با سوندهای ادراری: پروتکل مطالعه-2021
Background: Community-based urinary catheter-associated complications contribute to avoidable, costly hospital presentations. To minimise catheter-associated complications and improve the quality of life of patients living in the community, it is essential to improve catheter self-management through increasing patients’ and caregivers’ knowledge and self-efficacy.
Aim: To co-design, develop and evaluate a bundle-of-care intervention to improve catheter selfmanagement, reduce catheter-associated complications, and improved quality of life.
Design: Mixed methods design underpinned by the principles of Appreciative Inquiry, micro- and spacedlearning pedagogies. Methods: A co-designed care bundle will be developed, to support both patients and nurses in improving catheter care in both acute and community settings. Intervention bundles for patients will be delivered using “GoShare Healthcare” and for nurses, using QStream. The underpinning pedagogical approaches of these two digital platforms focus on increasing knowledge retention and improving patient health outcomes.
A process evaluation of the intervention will be undertaken using data collected from surveys, electronic medical record audits, and participant interviews. The primary outcome is improved catheter selfmanagement, and secondary outcomes are increased self-efficacy and patients’ knowledge of catheter self-management.
Discussion: The IQ-IDC study applies a two-pronged approach to co-design a bundle-of-care intervention that addresses important gaps in current catheter management. This study will contribute to new knowledge on effective implementation strategies to optimise self-management in urinary catheter care.
keywords: سوند ادرار | بسته های مراقبت | خود مدیریت | خودپرداز | گوشی های هوشمند | پروتکل بالینی | Urinary catheter | Care bundles | Self-management | Self-efficacy | Smart phone | Clinical protocol
مقاله انگلیسی
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