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ردیف | عنوان | نوع |
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1 |
Deep convolutional neural networks-based Hardware–Software on-chip system for computer vision application
سیستم سختافزار-نرمافزار روی تراشه مبتنی بر شبکههای عصبی عمیق برای کاربرد بینایی ماشین-2022 Embedded vision systems are the best solutions for high-performance and lightning-fast inspection tasks. As everyday life evolves, it becomes almost imperative to harness artificial
intelligence (AI) in vision applications that make these systems intelligent and able to make
decisions close to or similar to humans. In this context, the AI’s integration on embedded
systems poses many challenges, given that its performance depends on data volume and
quality they assimilate to learn and improve. This returns to the energy consumption and
cost constraints of the FPGA-SoC that have limited processing, memory, and communication
capacity. Despite this, the AI algorithm implementation on embedded systems can drastically
reduce energy consumption and processing times, while reducing the costs and risks associated
with data transmission. Therefore, its efficiency and reliability always depend on the designed
prototypes. Within this range, this work proposes two different designs for the Traffic Sign
Recognition (TSR) application based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) model,
followed by three implantations on PYNQ-Z1. Firstly, we propose to implement the CNN-based
TSR application on the PYNQ-Z1 processor. Considering its runtime result of around 3.55 s,
there is room for improvement using programmable logic (PL) and processing system (PS) in a
hybrid architecture. Therefore, we propose a streaming architecture, in which the CNN layers
will be accelerated to provide a hardware accelerator for each layer where direct memory
access (DMA) interface is used. Thus, we noticed efficient power consumption, decreased
hardware cost, and execution time optimization of 2.13 s, but, there was still room for design
optimizations. Finally, we propose a second co-design, in which the CNN will be accelerated
to be a single computation engine where BRAM interface is used. The implementation results
prove that our proposed embedded TSR design achieves the best performances compared to the
first proposed architectures, in terms of execution time of about 0.03 s, computation roof of
about 36.6 GFLOPS, and bandwidth roof of about 3.2 GByte/s.
keywords: CNN | FPGA | Acceleration | Co-design | PYNQ-Z1 |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
A mesh network case study for digital audio signal processing in Smart Farm
مطالعه موردی شبکه مش برای پردازش سیگنال صوتی دیجیتال در مزرعه هوشمند-2022 The Internet of Things (IoT) is increasingly present in people’s daily lives and in many projects
involving Smart Farm monitoring. Digital processing of audio signals enables detection and
monitoring of species that emit sounds in crop fields. This paper aims to show a case study of
a mesh network format cicada monitoring system in coffee plantations. The system, manages
the sending, receiving, controlling and caching of data traveling between nodes deployed in the
field. Laboratory tests have shown promising results for the intended application.
Keywords: Internet of Things | Digital audio signal processing | Smart Farm | Mesh network | WSN |
مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
Next generation material interfaces for neural engineering
واسط های مواد نسل بعدی برای مهندسی عصبی-2021 Neural implant technology is rapidly progressing, and gaining
broad interest in research fields such as electrical engineering,
materials science, neurobiology, and data science. As the
potential applications of neural devices have increased, new
technologies to make neural intervention longer-lasting and
less invasive have brought attention to neural interface
engineering. This review will focus on recent developments in
materials for neural implants, highlighting new technologies in
the fields of soft electrodes, mechanical and chemical
engineering of interface coatings, and remotely powered
devices. In this context, novel implantation strategies,
manufacturing methods, and combinatorial device functions
will also be discussed. |
مقاله انگلیسی |
4 |
Chronic Liver Diseases and the Microbiome-Translating Our Knowledge of Gut Microbiota to Management of Chronic Liver Disease
بیماری های مزمن کبدی و میکروبیوم - ترجمه دانش ما از میکروبیوتا روده به مدیریت بیماری مزمن کبدی-2021 Chronic liver disease is reaching epidemic proportions with
the increasing prevalence of obesity, nonalcoholic liver
disease, and alcohol overuse worldwide. Most patients are
not candidates for liver transplantation even if they have
end-stage liver disease. There is growing evidence of a gut
microbial basis for many liver diseases, therefore, better
diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic approaches based
on knowledge of gut microbiota are needed. We review the
questions that need to be answered to successfully translate
our knowledge of the intestinal microbiome and the changes
associated with liver disease into practice.
Keywords: Cirrhosis | Hepatic Encephalopathy | Fecal Microbial Transplant | Diet. |
مقاله انگلیسی |
5 |
Life history, uses, trade and management of Diospyros crassiflora Hiern, the ebony tree of the Central African forests: A state of knowledge
تاریخچه زندگی، استفاده، تجارت و مدیریت Diospyros crassiflora Hiern، درخت آبنوس جنگل های آفریقای مرکزی: وضعیت دانش-2021 The Central African forest ebony, Diospyros crassiflora Hiern, is a small tree native to the moist forests of the
Congo Basin. Its appealing black heartwood was one of the first products to be exported from the Gulf of Guinea
in the 17th century and is today one of the main sources of ebony globally. Like for other ebony species, its
commercial exploitation raises serious questions about the long-term sustainability of its trade and the viability
of its populations, but the dots are yet to be joined. An examination of the interface between biology, trade, and
ecology is crucial to identify the interrelated factors that could influence the potential success of its conservation.
This paper reviews scientific and grey literature, forest inventories, herbarium and trade data to provide a critical
assessment of the main threats to D. crassiflora populations and gaps in the current state of knowledge. It is shown
here that the species is widespread but never abundant. In the longer term the species is threatened by forest
conversion to agriculture and widespread hunting of large mammals on which the species rely for seed dispersal.
It is currently selectively logged principally to make musical instruments and for the hongmu Chinese market, for
which only one alternative black wood, the near-threatened Dalbergia melanoxylon Guill. et Perr., is commercially
available. Trade statistics suggest that exports from source countries where the species is cut under the forest
concession system are relatively low compared to countries like Cameroon which has seen a recent increase in
exports, and where ebony is exploited without forest management plans. Logging remains a concern where the
exploitation and trade of D. crassiflora are managed in response to demand rather than informed by current stock
levels, growth rate and the particular reproductive biology of this species. The recent successes of private sector
initiatives to ensure the long-term supply of ebony in Cameroon are promising, but would require long-term and
large-scale commitments involving direct and indirect stakeholders to develop programs for the plantation and
policies for the sustainable management of the species. keywords: آبنوس | شکار | جنگل زدایی | تجارت | جنگل مرطوب آفریقا | گیتار | Ebony | Hunting | Deforestation | Trade | African moist forest | Guitar | CITES |
مقاله انگلیسی |
6 |
Exploring health literacy and self-management after kidney transplantation: A prospective cohort study
بررسی سواد بهداشتی و خود مدیریت پس از پیوند کلیه: یک مطالعه کوهورت آینده نگر-2021 Objective: Investigate the influence of health literacy and self-management on complications, kidney
function and graft failure after kidney transplantation.
Methods: We included patients who received a kidney transplant between May 2012 and May 2013 and
monitored outcomes until December 2018. Health literacy was measured using the Newest Vital Sign and
self-management using the Partner in Health scale (before discharge, and after 6 and 12 months). Subscales
are aftercare & knowledge, coping, recognition and management of symptoms, healthy lifestyle.
Complications were categorized as rejection, viral infections, and bacterial infections. Kidney function was
measured using eGFR and graft survival using days until failure.
Results: We included 154 patients. Higher health literacy at baseline and at 12 months was related to more
viral infections (p = 0.02; p < 0.01). Lower ‘coping’ at baseline was related to more bacterial infections
(p = 0.02). Higher ‘after-care and knowledge’ at 6 months (p < 0.01), and ‘recognition and management of
symptoms’ at 6 months were associated with lower graft failure (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: Health literacy did not influence kidney transplant related outcomes. Higher knowledge and
management of symptoms were related to lower graft failure.
Practice implications: Self-management support is a key focus for health care providers in the multi-
disciplinary team.
© 2021 Published by Elsevier B.V. keywords: سواد بهداشتی | عوامل روان شناختی | پیوند کلیه، عوارض | خود مراقبتی | بقای پیوند | مرحله پایانی بیماری کلیوی | Health literacy | Psychosocial factors | Renal transplantation, complications | Self-care | Graft survival | End-stage renal disease |
مقاله انگلیسی |
7 |
Printable alginate/gelatin hydrogel reinforced with carbon nanofibers as electrically conductive scaffolds for tissue engineering
هیدروژل آلژینات/ژلاتین قابل چاپ تقویت شده با نانوالیاف کربن به عنوان داربست های رسانای الکتریکی برای مهندسی بافت-2021 Shortages of organs and damaged tissues for transplantation have prompted improvements in biomaterials
within the field of tissue engineering (TE). The rise of hybrid hydrogels as electro-conductive biomaterials offers
promise in numerous challenging biomedical applications. In this work, hybrid printable biomaterials comprised
of alginate and gelatin hydrogel systems filled with carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were developed to create electroconductive and printable 3-D scaffolds. Importantly, the preparation method allows the formation of
hydrogels with homogenously dispersed CNFs. These hybrid composite hydrogels were evaluated in terms of
mechanical, chemical and cellular response. They display excellent mechanical performance, which is
augmented by the CNFs, with Young’s moduli and conductivity reaching 534.7 ± 2.7 kPa and 4.1 × 10− 4 ± 2 ×
10− 5 S/cm respectively. CNF incorporation enhances shear-thinning behaviour, allowing ease of 3-D printing. Invitro studies indicate improved cellular proliferation compared to controls. These conductive hydrogels have the
potential to be used in a myriad of TE strategies, particularly for those focused on the incorporation of electroconductive components for applications such as cardiac or neuronal TE strategies.
Keywords: Electroactive | Hydrogels | Tissue engineering |
مقاله انگلیسی |
8 |
Life in riverine islands in Bangladesh: Local adaptation strategies of climate vulnerable riverine island dwellers for livelihood resilience
زندگی در جزایر رودخانه ای در بنگلادش: استراتژی های سازگاری محلی ساکنان جزیره رودخانه ای آسیب پذیر در برابر آب و هوا برای تاب آوری معیشت-2020 Adaptation is a key tool to reduce the climate change vulnerability of rural people whose livelihood is dependent
on agriculture. An appropriate policy and strategy cannot be effective without a proper understanding of peoples’
climate change perception. This study intends to explore the local adaptation strategies of the riverine
island (char) dwellers in the face of climate change hazards through a survey of 374 char dwellers living in the
flood and riverbank erosion prone geographically isolated areas in Bangladesh. The study reveals almost no
difference between the perception of char dwellers and the observed data on climate change. It further reports
that the climate impacts make the char households a vulnerable community and minimize their livelihood
resilience. A number of local adaptation strategies are adapted by char dwellers in the face of climate change
effects which enhance their livelihood resilience. The study further reveals that homestead gardening, changing
cropping pattern, tree plantation and migration are the most common strategies adapted by char dwellers. The
study suggests that continuous development program and riverine island-based disaster management projects
should be executed through an effective monitoring for enhancing char dweller’s livelihood resilience. Keywords: Climate change | Vulnerability | Disaster management | Resilience | Sandbar |
مقاله انگلیسی |
9 |
Organ Donation Related With Attitude Toward the Law of Presumed Consent: Spanish University Medical and Nursing Students Study
اهدای عضو مرتبط با نگرش به قانون رضایت احتمالی: مطالعه دانشجویان پزشکی و پرستاری دانشگاه اسپانیا-2020 Information provided by health care professionals is crucial to create a
climate of social opinion. This is important in organ donation and transplantation (ODT),
where the participation of the general public is essential to obtain organs.
Objective. To determine the attitude toward the Law of Presumed Consent (LPC) among
Spanish university students and to analyze their relation with attitude toward ODT.
Methods. and design. The type of study was a sociologic, multicenter, observational
study. The population included medical and nursing students in Spanish universities.
Database of Collaborative International Donor Project was used stratified by geographic
area and academic course. A validated questionnaire (Collaborative International Donor
Project, organ donation and transplantation questionnaire in Spanish [PCID-DTO-RIOS])
was self-administered and completed anonymously. A sample of 9598 medical and 10,566
nursing students was analyzed (99% confidence and precision of 1%) and stratified by
geographic area and year of study.
Results. Completion rate was 90%. Regarding attitude toward LPC, 66% of the students
were against the law, whereas 34% accepted it. Of the students surveyed, 9% considered
the law as a gesture of solidarity, 25% as an effective way of not wasting organs, 48% as an
abuse of power, and 18% as offenses against the family. Those students who were in favor
of LPC also had a more favorable attitude toward ODT (86% vs 76%; P < .001).
Comparing groups, nursing students were less in favor of LPC than medical students (32%
vs 36%; P < .000).
Conclusion. Sixty-six percent of Spanish university medical and nursing students were
against the LPC. The favorable attitude toward ODT is associated with considering the law
as a gesture of solidarity or as an effective way of not wasting organs. |
مقاله انگلیسی |
10 |
Knowledge of Law Students on the Problems of Modern Transplantology Is Good but It Can Always Be Better
دانش دانشجویان حقوق در مورد مشکلات پیوند شناسی مدرن خوب است اما همیشه می تواند بهتر باشد-2020 The progress of transplantation in Poland is influenced not only by medical staff, but also
by the legislative organ, which approves amendments to the Act of the Collection, Storage
and Transplantation of Cells, Tissues and Organs. This is why young lawyers should be
aware of the scale of the problem and have current statistics on transplant issues.
Aim. To assess the awareness of existing problems in the field of transplantation in Poland
among law students.
Materials and Methods. A survey (with 11 questions) of 209 law students at the University
of Bialystok (64% women and 36% men).
Results. Of respondents, 32% do not see the difference between dialysis treatment and
transplantation, and 47% are convinced that the 5-year survival of dialysis patients is as
much as 70% (in fact this number is twice as low). Still, 13% of people consider the
stereotype of family consent for organ procurement is necessary. Of law students, 5%
indicated that organ trafficking is allowed in Poland, and 41% believe that as many as
5% of people in Poland stated in writing opposition to removal of their organs after
death. Fortunately, this number is much smaller (2%).
The respondents have current knowledge about the place of Poland in the world in terms of
the number of donors. Relatively good results were recorded in questions about medical
knowledge.
Conclusions. In most questions, the correct answer obtained the highest score, but it was
not an absolute majority. There is a trend among law students for an optimistic approach to
statistics and the real problems in transplantology |
مقاله انگلیسی |