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نتیجه جستجو - research and management

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 5
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Chapter 34: Indigenous knowledge in research and management
فصل 34: دانش بومی در تحقیق و مدیریت-2021
Experience and insight have been a source of knowledge throughout human history. Only in the past few centuries have scientific methods been developed and applied to questions of practice and theory. Even today, experiential knowledge is far broader than the relatively limited scope of rigorous scientific research. Such knowledge is known by many names, including Indigenous Knowledge (IK, which will be used herein), traditional knowledge, local knowledge, and other variants (Huntington and Fox, 2005). For Indigenous whale hunters in the Arctic, the knowledge gained by experience is paramount for safety and success (e.g., Nageak, 1991). Although visitors and newcomers to the Arctic have long relied on Indigenous assistance (e.g., Amundsen, 1908), only in recent decades has the knowledge of whalers and other practitioners elsewhere in the world attracted formal academic attention (e.g., Johannes, 1981; Mymrin, 1999; Hay et al., 2000). Indeed, the collaborations between In˜upiat and Yupik whalers and scientists in northern Alaska are among the best examples of sharing knowledge and developing new knowledge beyond the capabilities of either group alone. This chapter reviews the ways that scientists and managers have engaged with the knowledge of Arctic whalers, what has been learned thereby, and how the resulting knowledge has contributed to understanding and management of bowhead whales (Fig. 34.1).
مقاله انگلیسی
2 A deep learning approach to measure stress level in plants due to Nitrogen deficiency
یک روش یادگیری عمیق برای اندازه گیری سطح تنش در گیاهان به دلیل کمبود نیتروژن-2021
Stress due to nutrients deficiency in plants can reduce the agricultural yield significantly. Nitrogen, an essential nutrient, is a crucial growth-limiting factor and is the prime component of amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, and chlorophyll. Nitrogen deficiency affects certain visible plant traits such as area, color, the number of leaves and plant height, etc. With the recent advancements in imaging technology, computer vision-based plant phenomics has become a promising field of plant research and management. Such imaging-based techniques are non-destructive and much faster with higher levels of automation. In this work, we have proposed an automatic image-based plant phenotyping approach for stress classification in plant shoot images. In this proposed phenotyping approach, a 23-layered deep learning technique is proposed and compared with traditional Machine Learning techniques and few other deep architectures. Results reveal that a simple 23-layered deep learning architecture is comparable to the established state of art deep learning architectures like ResNet18 and NasNet Large (having millions of trainable parameters) in yielding ceiling level stress classification from plant shoot images. In addition, the proposed model also outperforms traditional Machine Learning techniques by achieving an average of 8.25% better accuracy.
Keywords: Computer vision | Deep learning | Nitrogen stress | Plant phenotyping
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Towards better understanding and narrowing of the science-practice gap: A practitioner-centered approach to management knowledge creation
به سوی درک بهتر و محدود کردن شکاف علمی تمرین: یک رویکرد متمرکز بر تمرین کننده برای ایجاد مدیریت دانش -2021
The lack of mutual communication and collaboration between academic research and management practice, and the limited implementation of the research findings in strategic and tactical decision-making in practice settings, known as the science-practice ‘gap’, remains an essential issue in management research. We challenge the pri- mary focus on academics for the possibilities of bridging the gap by arguing that the picture remains incomplete without a closer look at the positions, perceptions, and attitudes of practicing managers toward the joint pro- duction of relevant management knowledge. Based on the inductive, grounded theory approach, we conducted a qualitative study of 47 practicing managers with different organizational and functional responsibilities across various industry sectors. Although practitioners perceived practice-engaged research design and execution, relevant management research, and benefits from complementary knowledge as enablers of fruitful science- practice collaboration, our emerging findings revealed limited trust, limited cognition, coping strategies, and heuristic information processing to be important barriers for practitioners that hamper the collaboration process. Relying on the cognitive and information processing framework and theory of the conservation of resources, we aimed to explain the antecedent of (un)successful collaboration on the practitioners’ side, thus extending our understanding of the scholarship of integration.
keywords: شکاف علمی | بحث سختگیرانه | ایجاد دانش | صدای تمرینکنندگان | چالش های همکاری | نظریه پایه | Science-practice gap | Rigor-relevance debate | Knowledge creation | Practitioners’ voice | Collaboration challenges | Grounded theory
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Integrating indigenous and local knowledge in management and research on coastal ecosystems in the Global South: A literature review
ادغام دانش بومی و محلی در مدیریت و تحقیقات در مورد اکوسیستم های ساحلی در جنوب جهان: بررسی ادبیات-2021
Indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) is increasingly recognized as a valuable asset in sustainability science. Knowledges of Indigenous peoples and local communities is becoming a critical tool for understanding coastal social-ecological systems and coping with global changes. The inclusion of ILK in research and management is key to local desirable social-ecological resilience and community-based conservation approaches, especially in areas with accelerated landscape changes. The Global South in particular is experiencing rapid changes through development and climate change, while harbouring many biodiversity hotspots. To synthesize the existing in- formation and highlight still existing research gaps we conducted a systematic literature review on ILK from coastal ecosystems in the Global South (n = 254). Our results show to which biophysical aspects and ecosystems the knowledge is related, as well as the challenges and benefits that accompany the inclusion of ILK for man- agement and research. Main challenges named were based on external forces, such as globalisation and market pressure but also a lack of integration and respect in governance and management for ILK and the difficulty of integrating ILK in today’s academic work. Many researchers showed ways to overcome such multi-scale chal- lenges and highlighted the importance of this process due to the various benefits of ILK for management and research. All articles reviewed named benefits in ecological (e.g. complementary knowledge production), po- litical (e.g. support of community-based governance) or socio-cultural (e.g. maintenance of culture and liveli- hoods) aspects for management and research. Maintaining ILK is crucial for Indigenous people and local communities and carries insights to govern coastal ecosystems during the challenging times ahead. We conclude that future research is needed to further develop the current position of ILK in research and management of ecosystems, especially as global environmental changes may contribute to the acceleration of losing ILK from coastal ecosystems in the Global South.
keywords: تغییرات اقلیمی | مردم بومی و جوامع محلی | اکوسیستم های دریایی | سیستم های اجتماعی محیطی | علم پایداری | Climate change | Indigenous peoples and local communities | Marine ecosystems | Social-ecological systems | Sustainability science
مقاله انگلیسی
5 مدیریت استراتژیک منابع انسانی و علامت گذاری به عنوان گرایش زنجیره تامین
سال انتشار: 2013 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 12 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 39
تمرکز اکثر تحقیقات SHRM بر روی سازمان واحد و مرکزی و فعالیت هایی که در داخل شرکت صورت می¬گیرد. هدف از این مقاله، ارائه¬ی طرح اصولی برای مطالعه SHRM در تدارکات است. چارچوبی برای شناسایی عوامل موثر بر اینکه آیا اتخاذ جهت گیری تدارکات(SCO) موثر است یا نه، و بیان احتمالات شیوه های SHRM مجسم مورد نیاز برای دستیابی و سرمایه گذاری بر روی SCO ، ارائه شد. چند همکاری در راستای مقالات مدیریت منابع انسانی استراتژیک و زنجیره تامین انجام شد. در مرحله اول، منطقه تحقیقاتی نادیده گرفته شده، مشخص شد. در مرحله دوم، شرایط مرزی مدیریت منابع انسانی استراتژیک و سیستم های HR در شرکت واحد اولیه توسعه داده شد، تمرکز درون سازمانی اولیه بر روی روابط درون سازمانی و بین سازمانی است. در مرحله سوم چارچوبی برای فهم ارتباط بین سیستم-های HR و SCO ، و نتایج استراتژیک تهیه شد. مرحله¬ی چهارم، بروی نظریه پردازی پیشین در مدیریت منابع انسانی استراتژیک است و چارچوبی برای تحقیقات در زمینه تدارکات ارائه شد. و در نهایت، طرحی برای تحقیقات آینده، به همراه مدل تصمیم گیری که دارای مفاهیم تحقیق و شیوه مدیریت است، ارائه شد.
کلمات کلیدی: مدیریت منابع انسانی استراتژیک | زنجیره تامین | تناسب استراتژیک
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