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نتیجه جستجو - segregation

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 10
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Zero-net energy management for the monitoring and control of dynamically-partitioned smart water systems
مدیریت انرژی صفر خالص برای نظارت و کنترل سیستم های اب هوشمند تقسیم شده -2020
The optimal and sustainable management of water distribution systems still represent an arduous task. In many instances, especially in aging water net-works, pressure management is imperative for reducing breakages and leakages. Therefore, optimal District Metered Areas represent an effective solution to decreasing the overall energy input without performance compromise. Within this context, this paper proposes a novel adaptive management framework for water distribution systems by reconfiguring the original network layout into (dynamic) district metered areas. It utilises a multiscale clustering algorithm to schedule district aggregation/desegregation, whilst delivering energy and supply management goals. The resulting framework was tested in a water utility network for the simultaneously production of energy during the day (by means of the installation of micro-hydropower systems) and for the reduction of water leakage during the night. From computational viewpoint, this was found to significantly reduce the time and complexity during the clustering and the dividing phase. In addition, in this case, a recovered energy potential of 19 MWh per year and leakage reduction of up to 16% was found. The addition of pump-as-turbines was also found to reduce investment and maintenance costs, giving improved reliability to the monitoring stations. The financial analyses to define the optimal period in which to invest also showed the economic feasibility of the proposed solution, which assures, in the analysed case study, a positive annual net income in just five years. This study demonstrates that the combined optimisation, energy recovery and creation of optimized multiple-task district stations lead to an efficient, resilient, sustainable, and low-cost management strategy for water distribution networks.
Keywords: Water distribution systems | Micro-hydropower systems | Sustainable and smart cities | Water-energy nexus | Water leakage reduction | Financial return-on-investment
مقاله انگلیسی
2 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JIM CROW LAWS AND SOCIAL CAPITAL FROM 1997-2014: A 3-LEVEL MULTILEVEL HIERARCHICAL ANALYSIS ACROSS TIME, COUNTY AND STATE
رابطه حقوقی بین JIM CROW و سرمایه های اجتماعی از سال 1997-2014: یک آنالیز چند سطحی سلسله مراتبی زمان و کشور-2020
Purpose: The purpose was to use Twitter to conduct online surveillance of negative sentiment towards Mexicans and Hispanics during the 2016 United States presidential election, and to examine its relationship with mental well-being in this targeted group at the population level. Methods: Tweets containing the terms Mexican(s) and Hispanic(s) were collected within a 20- week period of the 2016 United States presidential election (November 9th 2016). Sentiment analysis was used to capture percent negative tweets. A time series lag regression model was used to examine the association between percent count of negative tweets mentioning Mexicans and Hispanics and percent count of worry among Hispanic Gallup poll respondents. Results: Of 2,809,641 tweets containing terms Mexican(s) and Hispanic(s), 687,291 tweets were negative. Among 8,314 Hispanic Gallup respondents, a mean of 33.5% responded to be worried on a daily basis. A significant lead time of 1 week was observed, showing that negative tweets mentioning Mexicans and Hispanics appeared to forecast daily worry among Hispanics by 1 week. Conclusion: Surveillance of online negative sentiment towards racially vulnerable population groups can be captured using social media. This has potential to identify early warning signals for symptoms of mental well-being among targeted groups at the population level.
Keywords: social capital | Jim Crow laws | policy | segregation | social determinants of health | health disparities | health inequities
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Seeing parochially and acting locally: Social exposure, problem identification and social entrepreneurship
دیدن به صورت غیرقانونی و فعالیت محلی: افشا اجتماعی ، شناسایی مشکل و کارآفرینی اجتماعی-2019
Why some communities have greater rates of social entrepreneurship in similar domains is a question of importance to scholars and practitioners alike. Much of the literature in social entrepreneurship begins with a social problem that has been identified, and then analyzes the antecedents of the entrepreneurial process that lead to organizational solutions emerging for those problems. However, why some problems gain traction as being worthy of time and effort in solving, has garnered little attention. We argue that particular problems are more or less salient triggers of action by prospective social entrepreneurs based on the distribution of such problems in the local social environment, rather than aggregate levels of need. Yet, even problems widely experienced as shared, salient, and generally worthy of action might lack the emergence of solutions in fragmented communities, such as those with high levels of residential segregation by race and income. We study this in the context of founding of advocacy and support organizations in the domain of healthcare, and find support for our predictions. We also conducted additional tests to better characterize the findings and test robustness to alternative sources of influence, such as the local pool of potential social entrepreneurs, the role of local ecology, and geographic spillovers from neighboring areas
مقاله انگلیسی
4 “What is the problem represented to be?” Two decades of research on Roma and education in Europe
مسئله به چه شکلی باید بیان شود؟ دو دهه تحقیق روی رم و آموزش در اروپا-2018
This review article offers an analysis of research on Roma and education. A total of 151 peer-reviewed research articles were sampled through systematic searches in four databases, covering the period 1997–2016. Inspired by critical approaches in policy analysis, we draw on the concept of problem representations to identify dominant discourses in the research material. The analysis identifies nine problem representations; absence from school, academic achievement, socioeconomic issues, cultural differences, invisibility, teachers’ competencies, hostility, segregation and misguided policy and action. The content of these problem representations suggests that Roma is often framed as either victims or problems in educational research, and that cultural differences are much more dominant as a problem representation in the field than structural aspects such as socioeconomic issues. This critical review can contribute to raise awareness regarding how we frame research questions in the field of Roma and education.
keywords: Roma |Gypsy |Traveller |Intercultural education |Problem representations
مقاله انگلیسی
5 The effects of school choice on achievement gaps between private and public high schools: Evidence from the Seoul high school choice program
تاثیرات انتخاب مدرسه روی شکاف های موفقیت بین دبیرستان های خصوصی و دولتی: شواهدی از برنامه انتخاب دبیرستان سئول-2018
In 2010, Seoul began a universal school choice program for high schools. The implementation of school choice introduced autonomy, competition, and sorting, barely existent when public and private schools were under strong governmental control. Using school-level panel data, this study investigated how a newly introduced school choice policy affected achievement gaps between private and public high schools. We found evidence that competition and autonomy have minimal impacts on the achievement of private and public high schools. However, we found that student sorting did significantly increase the achievements of private high schools, widening existing gaps between public high schools.
keywords: School choice |Private school |Korea |Competition |Segregation
مقاله انگلیسی
6 آزمایش جامعیت جداسازی انتروپیکی در سطوح پلیمری
سال انتشار: 2018 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 6 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 24
این مقاله به مطالعه اثرات جداسازی انتروپیکی برروی سطوح مذاب یکپارچه و بدون یکپارچه ای تحقیق میکند. برای مواد مذاب یکپارچه، ما برروی جداسازی انتهای زنجیره به سطح تمرکز کرده، و برای مواد مذاب غیر یکپارچه، جداسازی پلیمرهای کوتاه از سطح را می آزماییم. اشکال جهانی برای پروفیل های غلظت آنها پیش بینی شده است، اما این مشتقات بر تقریب میانگین تکیه می کنند، که تنها به صورت تقریبی رفتارهای منفرد حجم را بررسی می کند. برای تست اینکه آیا پیش بینی ها زمانی که پلیمرها به طور دقیق مانع از همپوشانی شدن می شوند یا خیر، ما محاسبات میانگین را با شبیه سازی مونت کارلو که بر اساس همان مدل مشابه انجام شده است، مقایسه میکنیم. به استثنای افزایش قابل توجهی در امتداد بخش آماری، اجرای دقیق تعاملات غیرمتمرکز اثر نسبتا کمی بر پیش بینی های میانگین دارد. به طور خاص، پروفیل های جهانی پیش بینی شده توسط تئوری میانگین دقیق هستند.
مقاله ترجمه شده
7 Effective search for stable segregation configurations at grain boundaries with data-mining techniques
جستجوی موثر تنظیمات جداسازی پایدار در مرزهای دانه با تکنیک های داده کاوی-2018
Grain boundary segregation of dopants plays a crucial role in materials properties. To investigate the dopant segregation behavior at the grain boundary, an enormous number of combinations have to be considered in the segregation of multiple dopants at the complex grain boundary structures. Here, two data mining techniques, the random-forests regression and the genetic algorithm, were applied to determine stable segregation sites at grain boundaries efficiently. Using the random-forests method, a predictive model was constructed from 2% of the segregation configurations and it has been shown that this model could determine the stable segregation configurations. Furthermore, the genetic algorithm also successfully determined the most stable segregation configuration with great efficiency. We demonstrate that these approaches are quite effective to investigate the dopant segregation behaviors at grain boundaries.
Keywords: Grain-boundary ،Segregation ، Dopant ، Data mining ، Genetic algorithm ، Regression
مقاله انگلیسی
8 How religiosity affects the attitudes of communities towards tourism in a sacred city: The case of Jerusalem
چگونه مذهبی بودن بر برخوردهای جوامع با گردشگری در یک شهر مذهبی اثر می گذارد؟ مورد اورشلیم-2018
Sacred cities are not only venerable focal point for tourists; they also mainly attract believers to take up residence in them, creating potential tension between residents and tourists. This study examines the role of religiosity as an influence on the attitudes of communities towards tourism. We examine Jerusalem as a case study, a city sacred to three religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. We focus on the practical inevitability of Jewish resident interaction with a variety of tourists. A survey was used to gauge the impact of tourism on social, economic, and environmental conditions. Participants were asked to identify their level of religious observance. Of the 1776 Jewish residents who participated in the survey, 200 defined themselves as ultra-orthodox, 994 as orthodox or traditional, and the remaining 496 as secular. Socio-demographic variables were measured, including amount of financial benefit gained from tourism. Overall, subjects acknowledged tourism as a contributor to personal benefit and the prosperity of Jerusalem. As such, our findings indicate that religiosity exerts an important influence on community attitudes. Consistent with Social Distance Theory, we found that the more extreme the religious group, measured as self-segregation from external influence, the less affirmative they were towards tourism. The findings also suggest that individuals who profit financially from tourism were more affirmative towards tourism. This connection is explained according to Social Exchange Theory (SET). The latter variable interacts with religious characteristics, suggesting a more complex picture of Jerusalem residents. These results point to a major contribution of religiosity to perceptions of tourism, the implications of which should be considered when planning urban developments, especially those linked with sacred sites or landmarks.
keywords: Resident attitudes |Tourism development |Heritage tourism |Religious affiliation |Communities
مقاله انگلیسی
9 ایجاد بیشترین کاربرد سیستم ها و فناوری اطلاعات: یک نوشته مروری، چارچوب و دستورکار برای تحقیقات آتی
سال انتشار: 2015 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 26 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 67
این نوشته ی مروری به تعداد زیادی از نشریه های تجربی پژوهشگران، خلاصه کنفرانس ها، کتاب ها و گزارشی از نوشته های رایج چاپ شده در 15 سال اخیر، از ژانویه 2000 تا دسامبر 2014، در زمینه رفتار مستمر انسان و در مفهوم فناوری/ سیستم اطلاعات رسیدگی می کند. نوشته ها بر اساس نتایج تحقیقات گرد آوری شدند و بر اساس هدف، ماهیت و کاربرد فناوری /سیستم اطلاعات به 4 حوزه اصلی تفکیک شده اند. نویسندگان معتقد هستند که این تفکیک در فناوری اطلاعات و نوشته های کاربرد پیوسته سیستم، مقیاس پذیری، انعطاف پذیری و فضای بیشتری را برای تحقیقات آتی فراهم می کند. علاوه بر این، این تفکیک فرصتی را برای تحقیقات بعدی فراهم میکند تا سیستم های بیشتری را در هر طبقه بر اساس کاربرد، ارتباط و ماهیت سیستم ها بگنجانند که در طول زمان آشکار خواهند شد. مقیاس پذیری، دیدگاهها و نظرات بیشتری را فراهم میکند که به تحقیق و پژوهش آینده کمک خواهد کرد و مدل های فکری یا کاری ای را به حوزه مشخص ارائه می کند که این امر نیز به تسهیل درک کاربرد پیوسته فناوری/ سیستم اطلاعات مطابق ماهیت سیستم، کمک خواهد کرد. برای تحقیقات ادامه دار، نتایج و توصیه هایی بیان شده است و اولویت هایی مطرح شده است.
کلمات کلیدی: بررسی ادبیات | قصد رفتاری انسان برای استفاده | تعامل انسان و کامپیوتر | سیستم های / فناوری اطلاعات | مدل پذیرش فناوری
مقاله ترجمه شده
10 حرکت مرز دانه نقره و مس در حین نفوذ مرزدانه مس و نقره در پلی کریستال های مس
سال انتشار: 2001 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 7 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 15
حرکت مرزدانه (GB) در فلز مس بسیار خالص ( مس 5N8 و 5N ) با استفاده از سنجش نفوذ مرز دانه رادیویی با ردیاب های ارائه دهنده تفاوت اساسی در ماتریکس فعل و انفعالات اتمی حلال ها بررسی شد. نتایج بدست آمده روی نفوذ مرزدانه های حلال نقره و طلا در مس و نفوذ در خود مس آنالیز شد. پروفایل های نفوذ قطعات اولیه نقره و مس با منحنی های قابل ملاحظه ای مشخص شد. منحنی مشخصات از طریق تاثیر حرکت مرزدانه در حین نفوذ Ag110m و Cu64 محاسبه شد. آنتالپی های اکتیواسیون حرکت مرزدانه ها در این دو اندازه گیری مستقل بسیار نزدیک به هم بودند (kJ/mol 95 و 103 ). علاوه بر این، این مقادیر به هم بسیار نزدیک هستند اما هنوز تا حدی بزرگتر از آنتالپی اکتیواسیون مرزدانه نفوذ در خود ( CuQGB = 72 kJ/mol) است. اگر چه اندازه گیری ردیاب نفوذ مرزدانه طلا در مس فقط اطلاعات محدودی روی حرکت مرز دانه داشت اما مقدار قدر مطلق سرعت مرزدانه سازگار با آنهایی که محاسبه شده از داده های نفوذ مرزدانه نقره و مس محاسبه شده اند ،هستند.
کلیدواژه ها: مس | نفوذ مرزدانه ای | جدایش مرزدانه ای | حرکت مرزدانه
مقاله ترجمه شده
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