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1 |
Short-term physiological and biometrical responses of Lepidium sativum seedlings exposed to PET-made microplastics and acid rain
پاسخهای فیزیولوژیکی و بیومتریک کوتاه مدت نهال های Lepidium sativum در معرض میکروپلاستیک های ساخته شده از PET و باران اسیدی-2021 Plastics enter in terrestrial natural system primarily by agricultural purposes, while acid rain is the result of anthropogenic activities. The synergistic effects of microplastics and acid rain on plant growth are not known. In this study, different sizes of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and acid rain are tested on Lepidium sativum, in two separate experimental sets. In the first one we treated plants only with PET, in the second one we used PET and acid rain together. In both experimentations we analyzed: i) plant biometrical parameters (shoot height, leaf number, percentage inhibition of seed germination, fresh biomass), and ii) oxidative stress responses (hydrogen peroxide; ascorbic acid and glutathione). Results carried out from our experiments highlighted that different sizes of polyethylene terephthalate are able to affect plant growth and physiological responses, with or without acid rain supplied during acute toxicity (6 days).Short description: This study showed that different sizes of PET microplastics affect physiological and biometrical responses of Lepidum sativum seedlings, with or without acid rain; roots and leaves responded differently. Keywords: Polyethylene terephthalate | Acid rain | Oxidative stress | Biometrical response | Lepidium sativum |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
Improved probit models to assess equipment failure caused by domino effect accounting for dynamic and synergistic effects of multiple fires
مدل های پروبیت بهبود یافته برای ارزیابی خرابی تجهیزات ناشی از تاثیر دومینو حسابداری برای اثرات پویا و سینرژیک چندین آتش سوزی-2021 Accidents resulting in industrial fires in chemical and process installations and in industrial parks where
relevant quantities of hazardous substances are stored or processed may cause domino effects. Probit
models developed and used in a multitude of studies can provide the probability of equipment failure,
but they do not consider the effect of multiple radiation sources, and thus fail to capture the effects of
severe scenarios as those where multiple fires start at different times in different units. In the present
study, a critical thermal dose for equipment failure is defined. A direct procedure for the calculation of ttf
based on the critical thermal dose is then introduced, which is able to account for the time at which the
different secondary fires start or are extinguished. This allows considering the effects of the primary and
of several secondary fire scenarios in causing a domino effect, updating the time to failure on the basis
of the dynamic evolution of multiple fire scenarios. The proposed approach is demonstrated through
case-studies addressing fire-induced domino effects in an oil storage tank farm.
keywords: مواد شیمیایی | اثرات دومینو | مدل های پروبیت | زمان شکست | Chemical fires | Domino effects | Probit models | Time to failure |
مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
Electrically conductive biocompatible composite aerogel based on nanofibrillated template of bacterial cellulose/polyaniline/nano-clay
ایروژل کامپوزیتی زیست سازگار رسانای الکتریکی بر اساس الگوی نانوفیبریل شده از سلولز باکتریایی/پلی آنیلین/نانو خاک رس-2021 Bacterial cellulose (BC) aerogel owing to its porous and 3D structure, poses a suitable matrix for embedding
nanomaterials and polymers. Herein, BC composites comprising nano-clay/polyaniline (PANI) were synthesized
via a two-step procedure. Clay nanoplatelets were dispersed in the BC membrane to form a nanofibrillated template for aniline in-situ polymerization leading to formation of a double interconnected network of electrically
conductive path within the aerogel. Deposition of PANI particles on BC/clay nanocomposite was confirmed by
FTIR, XRD, FESEM, and EDX techniques. The surface electrical conductivity of 0.49 S/cm was obtained for the composite aerogel comprising 5 wt% nano-clay which is 16 folds higher than that of the sample without nano-clay.
Thermal stability and storage modulus of the aerogels was improved by inclusion of PANI and nano-clay. Synergistic effect of clay and polyaniline on biocompatibility and cell adhesion was obtained with no mutagenic or carcinogenic effects. The developed electrically conductive composite aerogels can be utilized as suitable scaffolds
for tissue engineering applications demanding a good balance of flexibility, dimensional and thermal stability
and biocompatibility.
Keywords: Bacterial cellulose | Nanocomposite aerogels | Polyaniline | Nano-clay | Biocompatibility |
مقاله انگلیسی |
4 |
Tuning the morphology of SrTiO3 nanocubes and their enhanced electrical conductivity
تنظیم مورفولوژی نانومکعب های SrTiO3 و هدایت الکتریکی افزایش یافته آنها-2021 Strontium titanate (SrTiO3) nanocubes were prepared via the solvothermal method in an isopropanol-water
system, using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a capping agent and tert-butylamine (TBA) as a
mineralizer. We found that the presence of TBA produced a synergistic effect in the nucleation and growth of
SrTiO3 in the solution, which enabled control over the formation of well-defined cubic particles. X-ray diffraction
patterns of SrTiO3, synthesized with the addition of 1 mol of TBA, showed a perovskite structure with high
crystallinity. The presence of specific absorption peaks in the fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum
confirmed the existence of CTAB and TBA on the surface of the particles. Transmission electron microscope
(TEM) images showed that the sharp-edged cubic particles had narrow size distributions, and selected area
electron diffraction (SAED) patterns indicated a high crystallinity. An increase in electrical conductivity values
was found in the bulk samples with regular nanocube particles compared to those of non-regular nanocubes.
Keywords: Nanocube | Perovskite | Capping agent | Mineralizer | Electrical conductivity |
مقاله انگلیسی |
5 |
A noble electrochemical sensor based on TiO2@CuO-N-rGO and poly (L-cysteine) nanocomposite applicable for trace analysis of flunitrazepam
یک حسگر الکتروشیمیایی اصیل مبتنی بر نانوکامپوزیت TiO2 @ CuO-N-rGO و پلی (L-سیستئین) قابل استفاده برای آنالیز ردیابی فلونیتراسپام-2020 Flunitrazepam or date rape medication with trade name of Rohypnol belongs to the
benzodiazepines branch that is used as a sedative, anesthetic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant,
and antianxiety drug. It is known as "drug of aggression" because of its very strong and longlasting
effects on the central nervous system. The sedative influence of flunitrazepam drug
increases with alcohol drinking, which causes mental and motor disorders and causes the victim
to become silent. Due to its criminals use, its accurate measurement is crucial. In this work, a
novel electrochemical sensor based on TiO2@CuO-N doped rGO, TiO2@CuO-N-rGO, nanocomposite
and poly (L-cysteine), poly (L-Cys), is presented for trace analysis of flunitrazepam in
aqueous solution. At first, TiO2@CuO-N-rGO nano-composite was synthesized by the sol-gel
method and characterized by Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, field emission
scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Then, the suspension of the
TiO2@CuO-N-rGO nano-composite was drop casted on the surface of the glassy carbon
electrode (GCE/TiO2@CuO-N-rGO). After that, electro-polymerization of l-cysteine on the
GCE/TiO2@CuO-N-rGO surface was performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) method. The
electrochemical characteristics of the GCE/TiO2@CuO-N-rGO/poly (L-Cys) surface was
evaluated in the solution of ferri/ferrocyanide by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)
and CV techniques. The increase in current, change in oxidation peak potential, and the
appearance of two reduction peaks indicated higher electron transfer rate with well-performed
electrochemical process of flunitrazepam at the modified electrode surface compared to the bare
GCE. These improvements originate from the synergistic effect of TiO2@CuO-N-rGO nanocomposite
and poly (L-Cys). Finally, a linear relationship was resulted between the oxidation
peak current and the concentration of flunitrazepam in the wide concentration range of 1 nM to
50 μM with a detection limit of 0.3 nM Keywords: Flunitrazepam | Rohynol | Benzodiazepines | TiO2@CuO-N-rGO | L-cysteine | synergistic effect | Voltammetry |
مقاله انگلیسی |
6 |
“Side-Business” Development in Japanese Major Private Passenger Railways
توسعه "تجارت جانبی" در راه آهن مسافر مسافرتی عمده ژاپن-2020 Railway privatization continues to progress in Japan and overseas, but progress was not always smooth and there have been cases of management failure following privatization. Therefore, it is important to establish appropriate business management policies and strategies. Major railway companies in Japan have been operating railway businesses together with a collection of side- businesses in a unique way. The term side-business in the context of Japan’s railway industry covers a wide range of businesses, including transportation, real estate, merchandise sales, tourism and leisure. These side-businesses are no longer on the side as they currently account for about 70 to 90% of Japan’s major private railway companies’ revenues, making them important sources of revenue. The process, factors and characteristics of diversification strategies used by Japanese major railways can offer useful background information and insights for the investigation of future railway privatization methods. This study examines the details and time periods of such side- businesses and provides a model for classifying them by era and according to their characteristics. The model developed highlights the variety of ways that companies diversified their business activities and historically maps the establishment of such side-business. Moreover, in recent years, six types of structures for operating revenue have emerged, which demonstrates that side- businesses are not incidental to the railway business in Japan, but are also a driving force that creates innovation and synergistic effects.© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the World Conference on Transport Research – WCTR 2019 Keywords: Private Passenger Railway | Diversity | Management | Side-business | Visualization |
مقاله انگلیسی |
7 |
Business value of big data analytics: A systems-theoretic approach and empirical test
ارزش تجاری تجزیه و تحلیل داده های بزرگ: یک رویکرد سیستم-تئوری و آزمون تجربی-2020 Although big data analytics have been widely considered a key driver of marketing and innovation processes,
whether and how big data analytics create business value has not been fully understood and empirically validated
at a large scale. Taking social media analytics as an example, this paper is among the first attempts to
theoretically explain and empirically test the market performance impact of big data analytics. Drawing on the
systems theory, we explain how and why social media analytics create super-additive value through the synergies
in functional complementarity between social media diversity for gathering big data from diverse social
media channels and big data analytics for analyzing the gathered big data. Furthermore, we deepen our theorizing
by considering the difference between small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and large firms in the required
integration effort that enables the synergies of social media diversity and big data analytics. In line with
this theorizing, we empirically test the synergistic effect of social media diversity and big data analytics by using
a recent large-scale survey data set from 18,816 firms in Italy. We find that social media diversity and big data
analytics have a positive interaction effect on market performance, which is more salient for SMEs than for large
firms. Keywords: Big data analytics | Social media analytics | Synergies | Business value of information technology | Market performance | Digital innovation |
مقاله انگلیسی |
8 |
Predicting complexation performance between cyclodextrins and guest molecules by integrated machine learning and molecular modeling techniques
پیش بینی عملکرد پیچیدگی بین سیکلودکسترین ها و مولکول های مهمان با یادگیری ماشین یکپارچه و تکنیک های مدل سازی مولکولی-2019 Most pharmaceutical formulation developments are complex and ideal formulations are
generally obtained after extensive experimentation. Machine learning is increasingly advancing many aspects
in modern society and has achieved significant success in multiple subjects. Current research
demonstrated that machine learning can be adopted to build up high-accurate predictive models in
drugs/cyclodextrins (CDs) systems. Molecular descriptors of compounds and experimental conditions
were employed as inputs, while complexation free energy as outputs. Results showed that the light
gradient boosting machine provided significantly improved predictive performance over random forest
and deep learning. The mean absolute error was 1.38 kJ/mol and squared correlation coefficient was
0.86. The evaluation of relative importance of molecular descriptors further demonstrated the key factors
affecting molecular interactions in drugs/CD systems. In the specific ketoprofeneCD systems, machine
learning model showed better predictive performance than molecular modeling calculation, while molecular
simulation could provide structural, dynamic and energetic information. The integration of machine
learning and molecular simulation could produce synergistic effect for interpreting and predicting pharmaceutical
formulations. In conclusion, the developed predictive models were able to quickly and accurately
predict the solubilizing capacity of CD systems. Current research has taken an important step
toward the application of machine learning in pharmaceutical formulation design. KEY WORDS : Machine learning | Deep learning | LightGBM | Random forest | Cyclodextrin | Binding free energy | Molecular modeling | Ketoprofen |
مقاله انگلیسی |
9 |
Governance decisions in the supply chain and quality performance: The synergistic effect of geographical indications and ownership structure
تصمیمات نظارتی در زنجیره تامین و عملکرد کیفی: تاثیر هم افزای شاخص های جغرافیایی و ساختار مالکیت-2018 Although the supply chain (SC) management literature has extensively analyzed how features of SC relationships affect quality performance, it barely considers the role played by SC governance in managing and promoting quality performance. This study examines how quality performance is affected by two SC governance decisions in agri-food chains: (i) the adoption of a geographical indication (GI), and (ii) the creation of co-operative (co-op) ownership structures. Focusing on the wine industry, the study first examines how GIs encourage quality by improving vertical adaptation and leveraging resources (e.g., knowledge) of all SC members. Second, it analyzes how co-ops collective action and horizon investment problems may hinder the delivery of high-quality products. The paper also examines how the effectiveness of GIs in promoting quality is contingent on the ownership structure of agri-food chains. Data from 327 wine producers and quality scores for 1951 bottled wines are used to test the hypotheses. The results reveal that on average, the quality of wineries is positively associated with the adoption of the most stringent GIs. Second, although co-ops are negatively correlated with final quality compared to investor-owned firms (IOFs), this disadvantage is moderated when co-ops are certified under the most stringent GIs. However, these GIs are not related to wine quality within IOFs, suggesting that quality certifications are more effective when used within suitable governance structures.
keywords: Supply chain |Governance |Quality performance |Cooperatives |Geographical indications |Agri-food industry |
مقاله انگلیسی |
10 |
Does online media sequence matter in product marketing?
آیا ترتیب رسانه ای آنلاین در بازاریابی محصول اهمیت دارد؟-2018 Recently, integrating multiple online media to achieve synergistic effects has become more and more popular, and this is primarily driven by emerging online interactive media. Scholars and practitioners are interested in the relationship between online media sequence and consumer persuasion. However, how online media sequence influences consumer persuasion is not fully understood. Previous studies have had inconsistent conclusions about media sequence on this relationship. Using the media congruence hypothesis and primacy effects as our theoretical foundation, we investigate how consumer persuasion, mainly reflected as message acceptance and message responses, is influenced by different types of online media sequence and product types. The results show that the interaction between them type affects consumer persuasion. For search products, the sequence of first online broadcast media and then online interactive media makes consumers be higher in message acceptance and message responses. For experience products though, online interactive media then online broadcast media make consumers prone to higher message acceptance and message responses. Message acceptance mediates the effect of online media sequence on message responses also. This study contributes to the empirical research on online media synergy and integrated marketing communications, and has practical implications that we discuss also.
keywords: Empirical research |Media congruence hypothesis |Message acceptance |Message response |Moderation |Online broadcast media |Online interactive media |Online media sequence |
مقاله انگلیسی |