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نتیجه جستجو - استرس حاد

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 3
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Personality, cardiovascular, and cortisol reactions to acute psychological stress in the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study
واکنش های شخصیت، قلب و عروق و کورتیزول حاد استرس روانی در میانسالی در (MIDUS) مطالعه ایالات متحده-2020
Recent research has suggested that diminished, as well as elevated reactivity to acute psychological stress is maladaptive. These differences in stress reactions have been hypothesized to relate to the Big Five personality traits, which are said to be biologically-based and stable across adulthood; however, findings have been inconclusive. This study sought to replicate the findings of the largest study conducted to date (Bibbey et al., 2013), with a sample of participants from the Midlife in the United States Study (MIDUS), aged between 35 and 84 years (M = 56.33, SD = 10.87). Participants (N = 817) undertook a standardized, laboratory-based procedure during which their cardiovascular and neuroendocrine reactivity to acute stress was measured. In contrast to Bibbey et al. (2013), associations between neuroticism and blunted reactivity did not withstand adjustment for confounding variables. Further, following adjustment for multiple tests, no significant positive association between agreeableness and HR reactivity was observed. Methodological differences between the studies, which may account in part for the contrasting findings, are discussed. Further conceptual replication research is needed to clarify associations between the Big Five personality traits and stress reactivity, across the lifespan.
Keywords: Replication | Acute stress | Personality | Cortisol | Cardiovascular reactivity
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Predictors of ccf-mtDNA reactivity to acute psychological stress identified using machine learning classifiers: A proof-of-concept
پیش بینی کننده واکنش ccf-mtDNA به استرس حاد روانی مشخص شده با استفاده از طبقه بندی کننده های یادگیری ماشین: اثبات مفهوم-2019
Objective: We have previously found that acute psychological stress may affect mitochondria and trigger an increase in serum mitochondrial DNA, known as circulating cell-free mtDNA (ccf-mtDNA). Similar to other stress reactivity measures, there are substantial unexplained inter-individual differences in the magnitude of ccfmtDNA reactivity, as well as within-person differences across different occasions of testing. Here, we sought to identify psychological and physiological predictors of ccf-mtDNA reactivity using machine learning-based multivariate classifiers. Method: We used data from serum ccf-mtDNA concentration measured pre- and post-stress in 46 healthy midlife adults tested on two separate occasions. To identify variables predicting the magnitude of ccf-mtDNA reactivity, two multivariate classification models, partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and random forest (RF), were trained to discriminate between high and low ccf-mtDNA responders. Potential predictors used in the models included state variables such as physiological measures and affective states, and trait variables such as sex and personality measures. Variables identified across both models were considered to be predictors of ccfmtDNA reactivity and selected for downstream analyses. Results: Identified predictors were significantly enriched for state over trait measures (X2=7.03; p=0.008) and for physiological over psychological measures (X2=4.36; p=0.04). High responders were more likely to be male (X2=26.95; p < 0.001) and differed from low-responders on baseline cardiovascular and autonomic measures, and on stress-induced reduction in fatigue (Cohens d=0.38−0.73). These group-level findings also accurately accounted for within-person differences in 90% of cases. Conclusion: These results suggest that acute cardiovascular and psychological indices, rather than stable individual traits, predict stress-induced ccf-mtDNA reactivity. This work provides a proof-of-concept that machine learning approaches can be used to explore determinants of inter-individual and within-person differences in stress psychophysiology.
Keywords: Psychological stress | Mitochondria | ccf-mtDNA | Stress reactivity | Mitokine | Machine learning
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Perceiving emotions in robot body language: Acute stress heightens sensitivity to negativity while attenuating sensitivity to arousal
درک احساسات در زبان بدن ربات: استرس حاد حساسیت به منفی را افزایش می دهد در حالی که احساس حساسیت به آرامش را کاهش می دهد-2017
Reliance on socioemotional assistive robots is projected to increase, yet little is known about how our ability to perceive their emotional expression is impacted by psychological factors. In high-risk and high- tension domains such as emergency services and healthcare, how might the cognitive and physiological stress we are experiencing influence how we read a humanoid robots nonverbally conveyed emotions? Using a novel paradigm, we asked participants under experimentally-induced acute stress vs. low stress to evaluate a set of normed emotional body language poses conveyed by a physically-present vs. virtually-instantiated humanoid robot. Participants rated each pose for emotional valence (negativity/ positivity) and arousal (calm/excited). Acute stress increased the perception of negative valence in negative high arousal poses, consistent with stress-induced hypervigilance. Surprisingly, stress dimin- ished the perception of arousal in high arousal poses, whereas repeated presentation of the low arousal poses increased perception of arousal. Participants rated emotion similarly for the physically-present vs. virtually-present robot, although positively-valenced poses conveyed by the physical robot were perceived as more positive and more animate. We propose that perceptions of emotional arousal may be especially vulnerable to context effects and misattribution. These findings have implications for how assistive robots can best be designed for high-risk and high-tension contexts.© 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords:Human-robot interaction | Emotion perception | Nonverbal communication | Acute stress | Social robots | Virtual reality
مقاله انگلیسی
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