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Ecological and environmental consequences of ecological projects in the Beijing–Tianjin sand source region
پیامدهای محیطی و زیست محیطی از پروژه های زیست محیطی در منطقه منبع شن و ماسه پکن - تیانجین-2020 Evaluation of influences of the Beijing–Tianjin Sand Source Control Project on soil wind erosion and ecosystem
services is imperative for mastering the benefits and drawbacks of the program, as well as for distinguishing
more reasonable estimations to evaluate regional sustainable development. Within the Beijing–Tianjin Sand
Source Region, we quantified the spatiotemporal patterns of land use/cover changes (LUCCs), soil wind erosion
modulus (SWEM), and essential ecosystem services throughout 2000–2015 by utilizing field investigations,
remotely sensed data, meteorological data, and modeling. The influences of ecological projects on wind erosion
and ecosystem services has been subsequently assessed by using those modifications brought on via the LUCCs
(e.g., conversion from cropland to grassland/woodland) during the ecological construction. The results indicated
that the SWEM showed a decline and ecosystem services which included carbon storage, water retention, and air
quality regulation exhibited growth driven by using both local climate exchanges and human activities such as
ecological projects. Excluding the effects of climate factors, the LUCCs stemming from ecological projects caused
a total SWEM decrease of 3.77 million tons during 2000–2015, of which approximately 70% was prompted by
the way of the transition from desert to sparse grassland. And from this transition, ecosystem services including
both water retention and aboveground net primary productivity manifest a general increase. The sub-regions of
desert grassland in Bayannur, Ordos Sandy Land, and Otindag Sandy Land were hot spots for wind erosion
declines and ecosystem service enhancements induced by the ecological projects. We recommend that endeavors
be coordinated toward the scientific management of the degraded lands and distribution of the local populace, as
well as the implementation of diverse measures in the expected hotter and drier future. Keywords: Wind erosion Ecosystem services | Sustainability | Spatiotemporal pattern | Land use/cover change | Ecological project |
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