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Managing exploratory projects: A repertoire of approaches and their shared underpinnings
مدیریت پروژه های اکتشافی: مجموعه ای از رویکردها و زیربناهای مشترک آنها-2020 Uncertainty exists when action must be taken without knowledge of the possible outcomes and the probabilities of
their occurrence. This is evidently the case in many real-life projects. Recent literature calls such projects ‘exploratory’,
i.e. their goals and the means to attain them are uncertain at the outset. This presents a challenge to traditional
project management—working from known means towards known ends—and may explain high rates of
project failure. Nonetheless, prescriptions for managing exploratory projects remain situational and fragmented
across schools of thought. The aim of this paper is to identify the repertoire of approaches adopted in practice by
managers of such projects, and to outline the theoretical underpinnings of exploratory project management. Through
the lens of resilience theory, we investigate the approaches adopted by 19 managers of exploratory projects across 14
Danish firms. The papers contribution is two-fold: First, we present a consistent repertoire of eleven generalizable
approaches to managing exploratory projects across a range of industries and project types. Second, outlining shared
theoretical underpinnings, we explain the repertoire as preparatory, (pre-action), attemptive (during action) and
responsive (post outcome) efforts to achieve resistance to and recoverability from unexpected events. Fundamentally,
we argue for shifting focus from ‘what we know’ to ‘how we act’ when faced with exploratory projects. Keywords: Exploratory projects | Uncertainty | Project resilience |
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