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نتیجه جستجو - اوگاندا

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 9
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Power to the people: Applying citizen science and computer vision to home mapping for rural energy access
قدرت به مردم: به کارگیری علم شهروندی و بینش رایانه در نقشه‌برداری خانه برای دسترسی به انرژی روستایی-2022
To implement effective rural electricity access systems, it is fundamental to identify where potential consumers live. Here, we test the suitability of citizen science paired with satellite imagery and computer vision to map remote off-grid homes for electrical system design. A citizen science project called “Power to the People” was completed on the Zooniverse platform to collect home annotations in Uganda, Kenya, and Sierra Leone. Thou- sands of citizen scientists created a novel dataset of 578,010 home annotations with an average mapping speed of 7 km2/day. These data were post-processed with clustering to determine high-consensus home annotations. The raw annotations achieved a recall of 93% and precision of 49%; clustering the annotations increased precision to 69%. These were used to train a Faster R-CNN object detection model, producing detections useful as a first pass for home-level mapping with a feasible mapping rate of 42,938 km2/day. Detections achieved a precision of 67% and recall of 36%. This research shows citizen science and computer vision to be a promising pipeline for accelerated rural home-level mapping to enable energy system design.
keywords: دانش شهروندی | بینایی کامپیوتر | دسترسی به برق | نقشه برداری روستایی | تصویربرداری ماهواره ای | سنجش از دور | Citizen science | Computer vision | Electricity access | Rural mapping | Satellite imagery | Remote sensing
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Institutional agents missing in action?: Management accounting at non-governmental organisations
عوامل سازمانی غایب؟: حسابداری مدیریت در سازمان های غیر دولتی-2021
The objective of this paper is to establish the management accounting role of finance managers at international development non-governmental organisations and their role as institutional agents. Through empirical evidence from three case organisations, the management accounting role of finance managers is shown as primarily reporting on spending of specific donor grants, rather than providing insights which could help maximise the overall social impact of their organisation. This dynamic potentially limits the social impact of accounting in such organisations, and potentially in the wider sector. The findings suggest finance managers, by focusing on donor-compliance, do not act as ‘definers’ of institutional elements of management accounting.
keywords: تاثیر اجتماعی | حسابداری مدیریت | سازمان غیر دولتی (سازمان غیر دولتی) | عامل نهادی | اوگاندا | Social Impact | Management Accounting | Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) | Institutional Agent | Uganda
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Whose climate? Whose forest? Power struggles in a contested carbon forestry project in Uganda
آب و هوای کی؟ جنگل کی؟ مبارزات قدرت در یک پروژه جنگلداری کربن مورد بحث در اوگاندا-2020
The voluntary carbon offset market is legitimated in climate policy debates at the global level and has incentivized a large number of afforestation and reforestation projects that have produced new power relations at the local level. This paper aims to critically examine how a contested Gold Standard certified project in Western Uganda has been justified, opposed and adapted during its implementation. Using a political ecology approach, this article sheds new light on the complexity of global-local interlinkages regarding carbon forestry projects and examines discursive power struggles. Taking a social constructivist perspective, I assume that due to their different values and experiences, actors have differing perceptions of the tensions and power relations arising during the carbon forestry project. Building on interviews and project-relevant certification documents, practices, narratives and counter-narratives were analyzed. The results show that while local actors were excluded from the forest, local communities and civil society actors have resisted against the companys management regime. Although the company remains the most powerful actor, more collaborative and moderate practices have lowered the conflict level. The case study shows that carbon markets need to be legitimated not only at the global level but also during the implementation in interaction with local constituencies.
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Medical technologies and abortion care in Eastern Uganda
فن آوری های پزشکی و مراقبت های سقط جنین در اوگاندا شرقی-2020
Manual Vacuum Aspirators (MVA), Dilation and Curettage (D&C), and medical abortifacients (Misoprostol, Mifepristone and Divabo) are available in clinical settings that offer abortion and post-abortion care in Uganda. While these technologies imply appropriate and safe abortion care, legal and policy ambiguities impact health outcomes. In this article, we draw on an ethnography of abortion care delivery practice conducted in one district in Eastern Uganda between August 2018 and March 2019, with data from interviews and observations, both of interactions and during quality of care improvement and training meetings. We illuminate how, in the context of a financialized healthcare system and legal restrictions, the meanings and use of medical technologies and abortion care vary across different health facility types. In public health facilities, health workers become state agents in the control of womens bodies. In private health facilities, they become transgressors, who use medical technologies to help women attain termination surreptitiously. Health workers offset risks associated with any involvement in termination, such that pecuniary interests dominate their motivation. Normalized and disciplinary power enact and reproduce unsafe and risky conditions, leading to poor abortion care outcomes. We illustrate the mechanisms of domination and tactics of resistance in abortion care, and expose conditions upon which unsafe and risky outcomes are contingent.
Keywords: Uganda | Abortion | Categorization | Criminalization | Domination | Instrumental reason
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Business as family, family as business: Female entrepreneurship in Kampala, Uganda
تجارت به عنوان خانواده ، خانواده به عنوان تجارت: کارآفرینی زنان در کامپالا ، اوگاندا-2019
Female entrepreneurship has become a key policy focus of governments and development agencies in the global South, reifying the figure of the independent businesswoman. This article advances debates on the relationship between entrepreneurship and family through a longitudinal study of the experiences of female entrepreneurs in Kampala, Uganda. Drawing on a four-year panel of life history interviews, we demonstrate the value of an ‘entrepreneurial life course’ perspective for understanding the ways in which social and familial relations facilitate female entrepreneurship at certain junctures and restrict it at others. This perspective contributes to the literature on social embeddedness by foregrounding the temporal dimension of entrepreneurship. Furthermore, it illustrates the volatilities that characterise entrepreneurial life in urban African settings, challenging linear understandings of the entrepreneurial cycle that are based on the historical experiences of entrepreneurs in the global North.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship | Family | Gender | Kampala | Life course | Marriage | Social embeddedness | Uganda
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Questioning network governance for disaster risk management: Lessons learnt from landslide risk management in Uganda
نظارت بر شبکه های پرسش و پاسخ برای مدیریت ریسک فاجعه: درس هایی که از مدیریت ریسک لغزش در اوگاندا گرفته شده است-2018
The international agenda for disaster risk reduction, through the Hyogo Framework for Action and the Sendai Framework for disaster risk reduction, promotes decentralised platforms as an indispensable strategy to achieve effective and efficient disaster risk management. Based on empirical data from the Rwenzori Mountains region, we question the implications of this type of network governance for disaster risk management. We embed our observations in an analytical framework that combines literature on network governance with insights from politics of disaster, notably scale and blame theories. In this study, we investigate the implications for disaster risk reduction through the analysis of three processes of scale structuration observed in contemporary West Uganda: (i) incomplete decentralisation, (ii) blame dissolution, and (iii) scale jumping. We argue that decen tralised platforms in Uganda co-produce unequal risk, as they are used as spatial tactics to centralise power for the ruling party and enable blame dissolution and scale jumping. From our analysis we draw broader conclusions on drivers and implications of the implementation of disaster network governance in countries that are primarily governed hierarchically and that endorse the international frameworks of disaster risk reduction.
Kewords: Decentralisation ، Platforms ، Scale ، Disaster politics ، Blame dissolution
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Just add women and stir?: Education, gender and peacebuilding in Uganda
فقط زنان را اضافه کن و تحریک کن: آموزش، جنسیت و ایجاد صلح در اوگاندا-2018
Although Uganda is not short of policies and strategies to promote gender equality, women’s political and social agency remains significantly low. Reasons are rooted in two main challenges: persisting structural barriers; and low levels of education among women. Both are most prevalent in the country’s conflict-affected sub-regions. Against this backdrop, we explore and critically reflect on the interplay of education, gender and peacebuilding. We showcase how gender-responsive approaches in education at the macro-level have traditionally been based on initiatives that embrace gender equality by means of a “just add women and stir approach” thereby side-lining history, cultural sensitivity and context.
keywords: Gender |Peace |building |Education |Social transformation |Uganda
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Informal fee charge and school choice under a free primary education policy: Panel data evidence from rural Uganda
هزینه غیر رسمی و انتخاب مدرسه تحت یک سیاست آموزش ابتدایی رایگان: شواهدی داده ای پنلی از روستاهای اوگاندا-2018
Although Uganda became a pioneer in sub-Saharan Africa by introducing a fee abolition policy to achieve universal primary education, charging fees has become increasingly common. This study assesses the effect of informal fee charges in public schools on primary school attendance and choice in rural Uganda, finding that there is a strong negative effect of high fees on public school attendance of children from poor households. The study also finds a limited role of private schools absorbing the children from poor households who left public school due to high fee charges.
keywords: Educational policy |Primary education |Fees |School choice |Sub-Saharan Africa |Uganda
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Matched Child Savings Accounts in Low-Resource Communities: Who Saves?
حساب های پس انداز کودکان همسان در جوامع کم منابع: آیا صرفه جویی است؟-2015
This study examines variations in saving behavior among poor families enrolled in a Child Savings Account program for orphaned and vulnerable school-going children in Uganda. We employ multilevel analyses using longitudinal data from a cluster-randomized experimental design. Our analyses reveal the following significant results: (1) given the average number of months during which the account was open (18 months), families saved on average, USD 54.72, which, after being matched by the program (2:1 match rate) comes to USD 164.16—enough to cover approximately five academic terms of post-primary education; (2) children’s saving behavior was not associated with quality of family relations; it was, however, significantly associated with family financial socialization; (3) family demographics were signifi- cantly associated with children’s saving behavior in the matched Child Savings Account program; and (4) children enrolled in some schools saved better compared to children enrolled in other schools within the same treatment group. Keywords: Child savings accounts | Low-resource communities | Children and adolescents | Suubi-Maka | Uganda
مقاله انگلیسی
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