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نتیجه جستجو - بومی

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 77
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 MagLoc : A magnetic induction based localization scheme for fresh food logistics
MagLoc: یک طرح محلی سازی مبتنی بر القای مغناطیسی برای تدارکات مواد غذایی تازه-2022
An IoT infrastructure to continuously monitor the fresh food supply chain can quickly detect food quality and contamination issues and thereby reduce costs and food wastage. This, in turn, involves several challenges including the development of inexpensive quality/contamination sensors to be deployed in a fine grain manner in the food boxes, technologies for sensor level communications, online data management and analytics, and logistics driven by such analytics. In this paper, we study the issues related to the communication among sensing modules deployed in the fresh food boxes and thereby an automated localization of the boxes that may have quality/contamination issues. In this context we study the near-field magnetic induction (NFMI) based communication and localization, as the ubiquitous RF communications suffer high attenuation through the water/mineral rich tissue media. An accurate localization of the sensors inside boxes within the food pallets is very challenging in this environment. In this paper we propose a novel magnetic induction based localization scheme, and show that with a small number of anchor nodes, the localization can be done without any errors for boxes as small as 0.5 meter on the side, and with small errors even for boxes half as big.
Keywords: Smart sensing | Industrial sensors | Food supply chain | Physical Internet | Magnetic communication | Localization
مقاله انگلیسی
2 In-home Health Monitoring using Floor-based Gait Tracking
نظارت بر سلامت در خانه با استفاده از ردیابی راه رفتن مبتنی بر کف-2022
Gait assessments are commonly used for clinical evaluations of neurocognitive disease progression and general wellness. However, gait measurements in clinical settings do not accurately reflect gait in daily life. We present a non-wearable and unobtrusive method of detecting gait parameters in the home through the vibrations in the floor created by footfalls. Gait characteristics and gait asymmetry are estimated despite a low sensor density of 6.7 m2/sensor. Features from each footfall vibration signal is extracted and used to estimate gait parameters with gradient boosting regression and probabilistic models. Temporal gait asymmetry, locations of the footfalls, and peak tibial acceleration asymmetry can be predicted with a root mean square error of 0.013 s, 0.42 m, and 0.34 g respectively. This system allows for continuous at-home monitoring of gait which aids in early detection of gait anomalies.
keywords: Gait monitoring | Smart home | Signal processing | Localization | Ground reaction force
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Who participated in the GameStop frenzy? Evidence from brokerage accounts
چه کسی در دیوانگی Gamestop شرکت کرد؟شواهدی از حساب های کارگزاری-2021
In January 2021, the GameStop stock was the epicenter of the first case of predatory trading initiated by retail investors. We use brokerage accounts to study who participated in this GameStop frenzy and how they performed. We investigate the extent to which investors’ personal and trading characteristics differ from the general population of retail investors. GameStop traders had a history of investing in speculative instruments, including stocks with lottery-like features. They were also more likely to close their positions before the peak of the bubble. At the onset of the frenzy, numerous retail investors also shorted GameStop. Overall, our results indicate that the GameStop frenzy was not a pure digital protest against Wall Street but specu- lative trading by a group of retail investors, in line with their prior high-risk trading behavior.
keywords: تجارت شکارچی | سرمایه گذاران خرده فروشی | رفتار تجاری | Predatory trading | Retail investors | Trading behavior
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Indigenous flood control and management knowledge and flood disaster risk reduction in Nigerias coastal communities: An empirical analysis
دانش کنترل و مدیریت سیل بومی و کاهش خطر بلایای سیل در جوامع ساحلی نیجریه: یک تحلیل تجربی-2021
Flooding is one of the major global challenges today. The role of indigenous knowledge in offering an effective risk reduction strategy towards flood disaster disregarded for many decades is now gaining global recognition. There is a growing call for empirical identification of the effectiveness of indigenous knowledge in flood risk reduction. Consequently, this paper empirically examines indigenous flood control and management knowledge with the intent to identify its effectiveness in risk reduction of flood disasters in Nigeria’s coastal communities. This is to provide empirical bases for the formulation of appropriate strategies for enhancing flood risk reduction in Nigeria’s coastal communities. The research engaged focus group discussion and questionnaire methods to generate primary data. The research proceeds with principal component analysis to classify and measure the effectiveness of indigenous flood control and management knowledge in flood risk reduction. The result shows the existence of eight types of indigenous flood control and management knowledge in the coastal communities and they were 61.2% effective in flood risk reduction. This implies that indigenous flood control and manage- ment knowledge practiced in Nigeria’s coastal communities is effective in flood risk reduction. This study pro- posed a sustainable approach to risk reduction in flood disasters based on the integration of indigenous knowledge systems and modern flood management strategies.
keywords: دانش بومی | کنترل سیل | جوامع ساحلی | مدیریت | فاجعه سیل | کاهش خطر | Indigenous knowledge | Flood control | Coastal communities | Management | Flood disaster | Risk reduction
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Resilience learning and indigenous knowledge of earthquake risk in Indonesia
یادگیری تاب آوری و دانش بومی خطر زلزله در اندونزی-2021
In the context of earthquake risk, a vulnerability and resilience perspective has changed a purely technological orientation in facing natural hazards. One aspect of this change is the increasing awareness to include indige- nous, traditional knowledge, community-based action, and local practices as well as experience from historic events in earthquake hazard management. Various research has shown that indigenous knowledge has an important role in avoiding undesired impacts from hazards. The involvement of indigenous knowledge into hazard management has been accepted as a fruitful approach by many countries. In Indonesia, the indigenous response to natural hazards, especially towards earthquakes, is to adapt the house constructions according to the hazards from their surrounding living environment and these have been tested and proven for many centuries. But while such indigenous knowledge has existed for centuries, learning requires more than just remembering, it needs to be translated into new actions. This paper highlights connections between knowing and acting on di- sasters, as manifested in house construction, and how this resonates with the concept of resilience.
keywords: راه حل های مبتنی بر طبیعت | تمرین تاب آوری | مردم بومی | رویدادهای تاریخی | کاهش خطر بحران | Nature-based solutions | Resilience practice | Indigenous people | Historical events | Disaster risk reduction
مقاله انگلیسی
6 اقتصاد ، جامعه و حاکمیت در قطب شمال: مروری بر پروژه تحقیقاتی ArCS در زمینه علوم انسانی و علوم اجتماعی (2015-2020)
سال انتشار: 2021 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 13 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 55
این مقاله به طور خلاصه دستاوردهای یکی از موضوعات موجود در پروژه Arctic Challenge برای پایداری (ArCS) است. این مضمون که عمدتاً از محققان علوم انسانی و اجتماعی تشکیل شده است ، برای اتصال دستاوردهای سایر مضامین به ذینفعان و سیاست گذاران طراحی شده است. با توجه به روش تحقیق ما ، این مقاله بحث را در سه زمینه تحقیقاتی پیش می برد. ابتدا ، توسعه اقتصادی در قطب شمال مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار می گیرد. در حالی که گرم شدن آب و هوا در قطب شمال افزایش یافته است ، امکان استفاده از مسیر دریای شمال و توسعه منابع زیرزمینی در حال گسترش است. پایداری این توسعه برای شناسایی چشم انداز آینده فعالیت اقتصادی بررسی خواهد شد. دوم ، تعامل بین انسان و محیط در نظر گرفته خواهد شد. بر اساس اطلاعات جمع آوری شده از طریق کار میدانی در سیبری شرقی ، داخلی آلاسکا ، و گرینلند ، نشان داده خواهد شد که چگونه عوامل انسانی و طبیعی در تغییر محیط به طور پیچیده ای بافته شده اند. سوم ، موضوعات مختلفی درباره حکومت قطب شمال مورد بحث و بررسی قرار خواهد گرفت. چندین نکته از جمله سیاست حقوقی قطب شمال ، روابط بین الملل و دخالت افراد بومی در اداره منابع از موضوعات اصلی بحث خواهد بود. پس از نشان دادن این دستاوردهای پروژه ، چالش های آینده مطالعه قطب شمال نشان داده خواهد شد.
کلید واژه ها: مسیر دریایی شمال | توسعه منابع | دانش بومی | دولت قطب شمال
مقاله ترجمه شده
7 Capacity building in participatory approaches for hydro-climatic Disaster Risk Management in the Caribbean
ایجاد ظرفیت در رویکردهای مشارکتی برای مدیریت ریسک بلایای آبی-اقلیمی در کارائیب-2021
The participatory approach to Disaster Risk Management (DRM) considers socio-economic factors and facilitates the incorporation of local and indigenous knowledge into management plans while offering an opportunity to all resource users to have an input. Caribbean WaterNet/Cap-Net UNDP, Global Water Partnership-Caribbean (GWP-C), and the Faculty of Food and Agriculture, The University of the West Indies (FFA, UWI) conducted a series of regional training of trainers’ workshops in Integrated Urban Flood Risk Management and Drought Risk Management to build regional capacity in this approach. The trainings took place over two years in six (6) Caribbean Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Over 150 persons from a range of sectors relevant to water resource management participated and contributed. The workshop gathered information on sectoral impacts, potential mitigation measures and challenges of hydro-climatic hazards. Capacity building and knowledge transfer was evaluated at two stages; at the end of the last day of training and 6 months after, as part of a monitoring and evaluation assessment. Both the initial and 6-month evaluations revealed significant knowledge transfer and subsequent institutional and policy impacts. Initial evaluation indicated 99% participant satisfaction with both training content and structure. In the six-month evaluation, 85% of participants indicated that the knowledge gained was used to improve their work performance and, in some cases, contributed to changes in institutional policy and frameworks.
keywords: کاهش خطر بلایا | خشکسالی و سیل | مشاوره با ذینفعان | کشورهای جزیره ای کوچک در حال توسعه | Disaster risk reduction | Drought and floods | Stakeholder consultations | Small island developing states
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Chapter 34: Indigenous knowledge in research and management
فصل 34: دانش بومی در تحقیق و مدیریت-2021
Experience and insight have been a source of knowledge throughout human history. Only in the past few centuries have scientific methods been developed and applied to questions of practice and theory. Even today, experiential knowledge is far broader than the relatively limited scope of rigorous scientific research. Such knowledge is known by many names, including Indigenous Knowledge (IK, which will be used herein), traditional knowledge, local knowledge, and other variants (Huntington and Fox, 2005). For Indigenous whale hunters in the Arctic, the knowledge gained by experience is paramount for safety and success (e.g., Nageak, 1991). Although visitors and newcomers to the Arctic have long relied on Indigenous assistance (e.g., Amundsen, 1908), only in recent decades has the knowledge of whalers and other practitioners elsewhere in the world attracted formal academic attention (e.g., Johannes, 1981; Mymrin, 1999; Hay et al., 2000). Indeed, the collaborations between In˜upiat and Yupik whalers and scientists in northern Alaska are among the best examples of sharing knowledge and developing new knowledge beyond the capabilities of either group alone. This chapter reviews the ways that scientists and managers have engaged with the knowledge of Arctic whalers, what has been learned thereby, and how the resulting knowledge has contributed to understanding and management of bowhead whales (Fig. 34.1).
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Recognition and Management of Protracted Bacterial Bronchitis in Australian Aboriginal Children
شناخت و مدیریت برونشیت باکتریایی طولانی در کودکان بومی استرالیا-2021
BACKGROUND: Chronic wet cough in children is the hallmark symptom of protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) and if left untreated can lead to bronchiectasis, which is prevalent in Indigenous populations. Underrecognition of chronic wet cough by parents and clinicians and underdiagnosis of PBB by clinicians are known.
RESEARCH QUESTION: We aimed to improve recognition and management of chronic wet cough in Aboriginal children using knowledge translation (KT), a methodologic approach that can be adapted for use in Indigenous contexts to facilitate effective and sustained translation of research into practice.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A mixed-methods KT study undertaken at a remote-based Aboriginal primary medical service (February 2017 to December 2019). Our KT strategy included the following: (1) culturally secure (ie, ensuring Aboriginal people are treated regarding their unique cultural needs and differences) knowledge dissemination to facilitate family health seeking for chronic wet cough in children, and (2) an implementation strategy to facilitate correct diagnosis and management of chronic wet cough and PBB by physicians.
RESULTS: Post-KT, health seeking for chronic wet cough increased by 184% (pre ¼ eight of 630 children [1.3%], post ¼ 23 of 636 children [3.6%]; P ¼ .007; 95% CI, 0.7%-4.0%). Physician proficiency in management of chronic wet cough improved significantly as reflected by improved chronic cough-related quality of life (P < .001; 95% CI, 0.8-3.0) and improved physician assessment of cough quality (P < .001; 95% CI, 10.4%-23.0%), duration (P < .001; 95% CI, 11.1%-24.1%), and appropriate antibiotic prescription (P ¼ .010; 95% CI, 6.6%-55.7%).
INTERPRETATION: Health seeking for children with chronic wet cough can be facilitated through provision of culturally secure health information. Physician proficiency in the management of PBB can be improved with KT strategies which include training in culturally informed management, leading to better health outcomes. Comprehensive strategies that include both families and health systems are required to ensure that chronic wet cough in children is detected and optimally managed. CHEST 2021; 159(1):249-258
KEYWORDS: bronchiectasis | community health | cough | health-care disparities | pediatrics
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Developing a conceptual influence diagram for socio-eco-technical systems analysis of biofouling management in shipping – A Baltic Sea case study
توسعه یک نمودار تأثیر مفهومی برای تجزیه و تحلیل سیستم های اجتماعی-اقتصادی-فنی مدیریت رسوب زیستی در کشتیرانی - مطالعه موردی دریای بالتیک-2021
Ship hulls create a vector for the transportation of harmful non-indigenous species (NIS) all over the world. To sustainably prevent NIS introductions, the joint consideration of environmental, economic and social aspects in the search of optimal biofouling management strategies is needed. This article presents a multi-perspective soft systems analysis of the biofouling management problem, based on an extensive literature review and expert knowledge collected in the Baltic Sea area during 2018–2020. The resulting conceptual influence diagram (CID) reveals the multidimensionality of the problem by visualizing the causal relations between the key elements and demonstrating the entanglement of social, ecological and technical aspects. Seen as a boundary object, we suggest the CID can support open dialogue and better risk communication among stakeholders by providing an illustrative and directly applicable starting point for the discussions. It also provides a basis for quantitative management optimization in the future.
keywords: تجزیه و تحلیل سیستم ها | مدیریت ریسک | نمودار را تحت تاثیر قرار دهید | گونه های بیگانه | مدیریت زیستی | دریای بالتیک | Systems analysis | Risk management | Influence diagram | Alien species | Biofouling management | Baltic Sea
مقاله انگلیسی
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