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نتیجه جستجو - تجربی

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 787
ردیف عنوان نوع
61 Redefining recovery: Accounts of treatment experiences of dependent cannabis users in Nigeria
بازسازی دوباره بازیابی: حساب های تجربیات درمان از کاربران وابسته به کانابیس وابسته در نیجریه-2021
Background: Research on addiction recovery describes recovery as a process leading to cessation of drug use. Few researchers have explored alternative views of recovery, and the interplay of individuals’ agency and social context in the recovery process. This study explored situated understandings of recovery among cannabis users that emphasized process and contingency. Methods: We conducted the study in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State in Nigeria. Participants were current (street-involved) cannabis users aged 21 to 34 (n = 97), recruited through time-location sampling. The study collected data through in-depth, individual interviews, which study staff transcribed, coded, and analyzed thematically. Results: Participants’ accounts indicated a quest for treatment as a means of recovery and redemption (i.e., repairing an identity damaged by dependent cannabis use). Relapse affected recovery when participants defined the latter as abstinence. Framing recovery this way showed the effects of social and structural factors on indi- vidual agency and treatment experiences. Yet some participants’ accounts highlighted a redefinition of recovery as a process (“recovering”), measured by such outcomes as reduced drug use and improved overall well-being. Conclusions: Reframing recovery, as some participants’ accounts in our study capture, speaks to the need for treatment programs that are informed by the principles of harm reduction and health promotion. Instead of foisting a singular treatment goal defined as total abstinence onto drug users seeking treatment, treatment should be attuned to the experiences and life circumstances of users and support them in achieving their recovery goals.
keywords: آژانس | شاهدانه | هویت | نیجریه | بهبود | رفتار | Agency | Cannabis | Identity | Nigeria | Recovery | Treatment
مقاله انگلیسی
62 Development and validation of INTENSS, a need-supportive training for nurses to support patients self-management
توسعه و اعتبار سنجی های آمیز، آموزش نیازمندی برای پرستاران برای حمایت از خود مدیریت بیماران-2021
Background: The growing prevalence of chronic illnesses requires nurses to support self-management and help patients integrate the chronic illness into their life. To our knowledge there are currently no training programs that combine the necessary components to adequately enhance nurses competencies in self-management support. Objective: The systematic development and validation of a need-supportive training in self-management support for nurses. Design: A three-phased study, according to van Meijel et al. (2004), with collection of building blocks, design, and validation of the need-supportive character of the training. Setting and participants: Eight training groups with 30 nurses, 34 nursing students and nine social healthcare workers from different nursing colleges in Flanders, Belgium. Methods: In phase one a literature review, current practice analysis, and problem and needs analysis were per- formed. In phase two, the INTENSS training intervention was developed, framed within the Self-Determination Theory and the 5A’s-Model. The training consisted of a basic training module and a video-interaction guidance module. The intervention was subsequently tested in eight training groups (N = 73). Participants provided feedback during focus group discussions. The intervention was cyclically adapted to trainees experiences and suggestions. In phase three, we evaluated the need-supportive character of the training intervention. Results: Phase one indicated the need for training, since nurses application of self-management support was limited and practiced from a narrow medical point of view. In phase two we developed a theory-driven and multifaceted training, building on attitude, knowledge, skills and reflection in the training. The training was framed within the Self-Determination Theory both at the didactical level as well as on content and format. Overall, participants appreciated the building blocks of the training as supporting their basic needs for auton- omy, relatedness and competence. Conclusions: INTENSS, a multifaceted need-supportive training in self-management support was developed, successfully taking into account participants needs.
keywords: توسعه مداخله | آموزش | تحصیلات | نظریه خود تعیین | پشتیبانی از خود مدیریت | مراقبت های بهداشتی | پرستاری | بیماری مزمن | Intervention development | Training | Education | Self-determination theory | Self-management support | Health care | Nursing | Chronic illness
مقاله انگلیسی
63 Improving learning in the management of gender violence: Educational impact of a training program with reflective analysis of dramatized video problems in postgraduate nurses
بهبود یادگیری در مدیریت خشونت جنسیتی:تأثیر آموزشی یک برنامه آموزشی با تجزیه و تحلیل بازتابنده مشکلات ویدئویی دراماتیک در پرستاران کارشناسی ارشد-2021
Background: Most gender-based violence victims who sought help in Spain did so through health services. Training on gender-based violence with active learning methodologies promotes the management of knowledge, reflection, and adaptation to change. Nurses, along with an educator, can construct knowledge with the same strategies they will use professionally. Purpose: To evaluate the knowledge, skills, and attitudes associated of postgraduate nurses on gender-based violence before and after a reflection-based training program with dramatized problem-videos. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the knowledge in the activation of protocols, skills, and attitudes in the management of women who are victims of gender-based violence, the consolidation of learning, and the applicability to the workplace. Methods: Pre-post quasi-experimental study without a control group. A specifically validated and designed in- strument was utilized to evaluate the dimensions of knowledge, skills, and attitudes when facing gender-based violence, before and after the training sessions, along with additional questions to assess if the participants possessed better tools to address gender-based violence. Results: The difference between the pre and post-tests was statistically significant for the dimensions knowledge, skills, and attitude (p < 0.05), with a smaller effect size in the dimensions skills and attitude. Also, high scores were observed in the consolidation of learning and applicability to the workplace. Conclusion: Reflection-based training with dramatized problem-videos improved the acquisition of tools neces- sary for the detection and management of gender-based violence of nurses.
keywords: پرستاری آموزش و پرورش | خشونت بر اساس جنسیت | یادگیری فعال | یادگیری آنلاین | ارزیابی کمی | Education nursing | Gender-based violence | Active learning | Online learning | Quantitative evaluation
مقاله انگلیسی
64 Transcending the silos through project management office: Knowledge transactions, brokerage roles, and enabling factors
فراتر از سیلوها از طریق دفتر مدیریت پروژه: معاملات دانش، نقش کارگزاری، و عوامل توانمند-2021
Organisations often suffer from knowledge flow gaps between operational and strategic management levels, leaving much knowledge trapped within operations’ boundaries. Prior studies viewed the project management office (PMO) as a knowledge broker that can enhance the interaction between these levels. However, they take a single-faceted knowledge brokering perspective that fails to define the specific knowledge brokering roles of the PMO and offer highly fragmentary evidence on the associated enabling factors. To fill this void, we draw on the brokerage theory to develop a comprehensive theoretical framework in which we define specific knowledge brokering roles of the PMO and delineate their enabling factors for facilitating multidirectional knowledge transactions. We elaborate on three sets of knowledge brokering roles, each of which corresponds to one of three categories of knowledge transactions. Our model shows how PMOs can broker knowledge trapped in organ- isational silos by balancing bottom-up experiential learning with top-down deliberate learning while maintaining horizontal knowledge synchronisation.
keywords: شکاف جریان دانش | دفتر مدیریت پروژه | نقش های واسطه گری دانش | Knowledge flow gaps | Project management office | Knowledge brokering roles
مقاله انگلیسی
65 Gathering local ecological knowledge to augment scientific and management understanding of a living coastal resource: The case of Oregon’s nearshore groundfish trawl fishery
جمع آوری دانش زیست محیطی محلی برای تقویت درک علمی و مدیریت از یک منبع ساحلی زنده: مورد ماهیگیری ماهی قرمز مایل به قرمز اورگان-2021
Globally, coastal nearshore regions are an intersecting point for human and biological productivity, often serving as hotspots for subsistence, commercial, and recreational fishing activities. Despite this, many nearshore areas remain poorly understood, monitored or managed. This case study examined the nearshore sector of Oregon’s groundfish trawl fishery, which exists in shallow estuarine and continental shelf habitats common along the West Coast of North America; areas that are important for early life history stages of many commercial and recrea- tional fisheries. The West Coast groundfish fishery includes over 90 different species, 40 of which occur within Oregon’s nearshore (here defined as the portion of the shelf extending seaward to a water depth of 200 m). The very shallow portions of the Oregon Coast (the area of the shelf inshore of 55 m) have been subject to limited scientific survey monitoring, and much of the details of the ecology, health, and processes in these habitats remain poorly understood. The utilization of the nearshore region by the commercial groundfish trawl fleet is also minimally documented despite the fact that experiential knowledge (local ecological knowledge [LEK]; trawl logbooks, fish tickets, interviews) exists. This research explored the capacity of capturing LEK sources to inform and enhance understanding of the drivers of effort and the vitality of nearshore fishery resources. Our approach used statistical analysis and mapping of nearshore trawl effort from 1981 to 2017 and gathered semi- structured interviews of intergenerational fishermen to bolster data-poor areas. Insights provided by sampling strategies and historical to current knowledge of access to groundfish assemblages provide informed baselines for future management. Spatial mapping results revealed a decline in trawl effort on the Oregon continental shelf thought time. Logbook and interview data assessment illuminated market and ecological drivers of fishing behavior as well as a unique sector of the groundfish fleet in Oregon: the beach fleet, with unique market and socio-economic challenges. Findings indicate a mixed-methods approach can provide a more thorough assess- ment of long-term interest in Oregon’s nearshore groundfish fishery. Ensuring better understanding of coastal interfacing regions such as Oregon’s nearshore insights potential for better conservation and utilization of marine resources and improved monitoring in resource limited management contexts.
keywords: دانش زیست محیطی محلی | زمین های دریایی ساحل غربی ایالات متحده | اطلاعات وابسته به ماهیگیری | ماهیگیری ساحلی | Local ecological knowledge | US West Coast groundfishes | Fisheries-dependent data | Coastal fisheries
مقاله انگلیسی
66 Closing the cultural intelligence skills gap in accounting students: An action research approach to cross-cultural teamwork
بستن شکاف مهارت های هوش فرهنگی در دانش آموزان حسابداری: یک رویکرد تحقیق عملی برای کار گروهی متقابل فرهنگی-2021
Cultural intelligence (CQ) is an essential feature of the skills-set demanded of accounting grad- uates entering the worlds of modern business and professional practice. Accounting educators are challenged to be innovative pedagogically to equip their students with this skills-set. This paper, drawing on the theoretical framework of CQ, reports on the experiences of students and faculty in accounting and taxation, in the context of an action research study which introduced cross- cultural learning across two geographies, namely Ireland and a Southern US state. Two action research cycles were designed, adapted, and reflected upon. Cycle 1 results indicate students were successful in the behaviour and cognitive dimensions of CQ only. Key changes made for cycle 2 led to overall success for students in all four dimensions of CQ. Evidence suggests the motivation dimension of CQ functions more strongly as enablers of others. Results highlight the invaluable support of an international collaborator despite challenges around grading issues. This study demonstrates how moving the cultural experience outside of a mono-cultural setting serves to energise and enhance the overall learning experience for students and faculty alike. Future research agendas can expand into other accounting sub-disciplines and/or use sufficiently large sample sizes to enable more quantitative analyses.
keywords: هوش فرهنگی | حسابداری | مالیات | تحقیق عملی | کار گروهی بین فرهنگی | آموزش حسابداری | Cultural intelligence | Accounting | Taxation | Action research | Intercultural teamwork | Accounting education
مقاله انگلیسی
67 A framework for sustainable management of the platform service supply chain: An empirical study of the logistics sector in China
چارچوبی برای مدیریت پایدار زنجیره تامین خدمات بستر های نرم افزاری: یک مطالعه تجربی از بخش تدارکات در چین-2021
Platforms have become an effective means of innovation in the logistics sector. However, not all platform-based business models become a success. This research investigates how a platform strategy can lead to a sustainable managed platform service supply chain. Based on analysis of data collected within the logistics sectors in China, the research results propose a structural mapping of a platform service supply chain, which differs from the traditional service supply chain structure. This research develops a sustainable management framework for the platform service supply chain, including three key elements: mutual facilitation between platform and business ecosystem; strategic alignment among the structural elements; and a sustainable element including value co- creation, co-opetition and dynamic configuration. The paper also provides a summary of practical implications to guide practitioners in building a successful platform service supply chain and enacting effective management strategies.
Keywords: Platform | Service | Supply chain | Business ecosystem | Sustainable management
مقاله انگلیسی
68 DEGAN : شبکه های مولد متخاصم غیر متمرکز
سال انتشار: 2021 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 9 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 23
در این مطالعه، یک چارچوب توزیع شده و غیرمتمرکز از شبکه های مولد متخاصم (GAN) بدون تبادل داده های آموزشی پیشنهاد شد. هر گره شامل مجموعه ی از داده محلی ، یک تفکیک کننده کننده و یک مولد است که فقط گرادیان ژنراتور آن با سایر گره ها به اشتراک گذاشته می شوند. در این مقاله ، تکنیک توزیع جدید معرفی می شود که در آن کارکنان مستقیماً با یکدیگر ارتباط برقرار می کنند و هیچ گره مرکزی وجود ندارد. نتایج تجربی ما در مجموعه داده های معیار ، عملکرد و دقت تقریباً یکسانی را در مقایسه با چارچوب های GAN متمرکز موجود نشان می دهد. چارچوب پیشنهادی به عدم یادگیری غیرمتمرکز برای GAN ها می پردازد.
کلمات کلیدی: یادگیری عمیق | شبکه های مولد متخاصم | یادگیری ماشین توزیع شده | معماری غیرمتمرکز
مقاله ترجمه شده
69 افزایش هوشمندی به منظور بهره وری ، زیست پذیری و پایداری
سال انتشار: 2021 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 8 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 11
این کتاب به دنبال توسعه چارچوبی برای بررسی تجربیات شهرهای هوشمند در حوزه های قضایی مختلف در سراسر آسیا اقیانوسیه ، قاره آمریکا ، اروپا و انگلستان ، خاورمیانه و آفریقا است. این چارچوب ، که در فصل 2 شرح داده شده ، برای درک محرک ها ، هنرمندان و نتایج سیاست ها و همچنین سیستم عامل های فناوری است که پایه و اساس نوآوری هایی است که باعث افزایش بهره وری ، پایداری و زیست پذیری شده اند. در حالی که مقیاس ابتکارات شهرهای هوشمند در زمینه های مختلف جغرافیایی متفاوت است ، این مسئله که چگونه مردم به سوی نوآوری روی بیاورند و چگونه آن را در کل شهر قابل استفاده کرد؛ اهمیت به سزایی دارد. این کتاب عوامل اصلی عملکردهای فعلی شهرهای هوشمند را در چندین مکان مشخص بیان می کند. همچنین به شرح عوامل اصلی و نقش های آنها - دولت ها ، صنایع خصوصی ، شرکت های فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات (ICT) ، شهروندان و کاربران نهایی در هر زمینه می پردازد. شناسایی محرکها ، هنرمندان و نتایج کلیدی به صورت سازمان یافته، بینش مهمی در سایر حوزه های قضایی در مورد چگونگی بازنگری یا تدوین بهتر سیاستها و برنامه¬های فعلی و آینده¬ی جنبش¬های نوآوری در زمینه فناوری و اجتماعی فراهم می کند.
مقاله ترجمه شده
70 Big data management capabilities in the hospitality sector: Service innovation and customer generated online quality ratings
قابلیت‌های مدیریت داده‌های بزرگ در بخش مهمان‌نوازی: نوآوری خدمات و رتبه‌بندی کیفیت آنلاین توسط مشتری-2021
Despite the wide usage of big data in tourism and the hospitality sector, little research has been done to un- derstand the role of organizations’ capability of managing big data in value creation. This study bridges this gap by investigating how big data management capabilities lead to service innovation and high online quality rat- ings. Instead of treating big data management as a whole, we access big data management capabilities at the strategic and operational level. Using a sample of 202 hotels in Pakistan, we collected the primary data for big data capabilities, knowledge creation and service innovation; the secondary data about quality rating were collected from Booking.com. Structural equation modelling through SmartPLS was used for data analysis. The results indicated that big data management capabilities lead to high online quality ratings through the mediation of knowledge creation and service innovation. We contribute to the current literature by empirically testing how strategic level big data capabilities enable the firm to add value in innovativeness and positive online quality ratings through acquiring, contextualizing, experimenting and applying big data. Author contribution
keywords: مدیریت داده های بزرگ | قابلیت های پویا | نوآوری خدمات | ایجاد دانش | رتبه بندی کیفیت آنلاین ایجاد شده توسط مشتری | مهمان نوازی | Big data management | Dynamic capabilities | Service innovation | Knowledge creation | Customer generated online quality rating | Hospitality
مقاله انگلیسی
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