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نتیجه جستجو - تجزیه و تحلیل میزان حساسیت

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 8
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Data, data flows, and model specifications for linking multi-level contribution margin accounting with multi-level fixed-charge problems
داده‌ها، جریان‌های داده، و مشخصات مدل برای پیوند حسابداری حاشیه سهم چندسطحی با مشکلات شارژ ثابت چندسطحی-2021
This article describes the data, data flows, and spreadsheet implementations for linking multi-level contribution margin accounting as a subsystem in cost accounting with several versions of a multi-level fixed-charge problem (MLFCP), the latter based on the optimization approach in operations research. This linkage can reveal previously hidden optimization potentials within the framework of multi-level contribution margin accounting, thus providing better information for decision making in companies and other organizations. For the data, plausible fictitious values have been assumed taking into consideration the calculation principles in cost accounting where applicable. They include resourcerelated data, market-related data, and data from cost accounting needed to analyze the profitability of a companys´ products and organizational entities in the presence of hierarchically structured fixed costs. The data are processed and analyzed by means of mathematical optimization techniques and sensitivity analysis. The linkage between multi-level contribution margin accounting and MLFCP is implemented in three spreadsheet files, including versions for deterministic optimization, stochastic optimization, and robust optimization. This paper provides specifications for compatible solver add-ins and for executing sensitivity analysis. The data and spreadsheet implementations described in this article were used in a research article entitled “Making better decisions by applying mathematical optimization to cost accounting: An advanced approach to multi-level contribution margin accounting” [1]. The data sets and the spreadsheet implementations may be reused a) by researchers in management and cost accounting as well as in operations research and quantitative methods for verification and for further development of the linkage concept and of the underlying optimization models; b) by practitioners for gaining insight into the data requirements, methods, and benefits of the proposed linkage, thus supporting continuing education; and c) by instructors in academia who may find the data and spreadsheets valuable for classroom use in advanced courses. The complete spreadsheet implementations in the form of three ready-touse Excel files (deterministic, stochastic, and robust version) are available for download at Mendeley Data. They may serve as customizable templates for various use cases in research, practice, and education.
keywords: حسابداری هزینه | تحقیق در عملیات | مشکل ثابت شارژ | بهینه سازی | برنامه نویسی صحیح | تجزیه و تحلیل میزان حساسیت | بهینه سازی تصادفی | صفحه گسترده | Cost accounting | Operations research | Fixed-charge problem | Optimization | Integer programming | Sensitivity analysis | Stochastic optimization | Spreadsheet
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Making better decisions by applying mathematical optimization to cost accounting: An advanced approach to multi-level contribution margin accounting
تصمیم گیری های بهتر را با استفاده از بهینه سازی ریاضی به هزینه حسابداری: یک رویکرد پیشرفته به حسابداری حاشیه کمک چند سطح-2021
The purpose of multi-level contribution margin accounting in cost accounting is to analyze the profitability of products and organizational entities with appropriate allocation of fixed costs and to provide relevant information for short-term, medium- and longer-term decisions. However, the conventional framework of multi-level contribution margin accounting does not usually incorporate a mathematical optimization method that simultaneously integrates variable and fixed costs to determine the best possible product mix within hierarchically structured organizations. This may be surprising in that operations research provides an optimization model in the form of the fixed-charge problem (FCP) that takes into account not only variable costs but also fixed costs of the activities to be planned. This paper links the two approaches by expanding the FCP to a multi-level fixed-charge problem (MLFCP), which maps the hierarchical decomposition of fixed costs in accordance with multi-level contribution margin accounting. In this way, previously hidden optimization potentials can be made visible within the framework of multi-level contribution margin accounting. Applying the linkage to a case study illustrates that the original assessment of profitability gained on the sole basis of a multi-level contribution margin calculation might turn out to be inappropriate or even inverted as soon as mathematical optimization is utilized: products, divisions, and other reference objects for fixed cost allocation, which at first glance seem to be profitable (or unprofitable) might be revealed as actually unprofitable (or profitable), when the multi-level contribution margin calculation is linked to the MLFCP. Furthermore, the proposed concept facilitates assessment of the costs of an increasing variant diversity, which also demonstrates that common rules on how to interpret a multi-level contribution margin calculation may have to be revised in some cases from the viewpoint of optimization. Finally, the impact of changes in the fixed cost structure and other parameters is tested via sensitivity analyses and stochastic optimization.
keywords: حسابداری هزینه | حد مشارکت، محدوده مشارکت | هزینه های ثابت | نرم افزار | مخلوط محصول | تصمیم گیری | تحقیق در عملیات | مشکل ثابت شارژ | مشکل چند سطح قابل شارژ | بهینه سازی | برنامه نویسی صحیح | تجزیه و تحلیل میزان حساسیت | بهینه سازی تصادفی | صفحه گسترده | مطالعه موردی | Cost accounting | Contribution margin | Fixed costs | Profitability | Product mix | Decision making | Operations research | Fixed-charge problem | Multi-level fixed-charge problem | Optimization | Integer programming | Sensitivity analysis | Stochastic optimization | Spreadsheet | Case study
مقاله انگلیسی
3 AHP-TOPSIS social sustainability approach for selecting supplier in construction supply chain
رویکرد پایداری اجتماعی AHP-TOPSIS برای انتخاب تامین کننده در زنجیره تأمین ساخت و ساز-2021
Prequalification of suppliers in the Construction Supply Chain is considered a crucial step to assure to their ability to deliver socially sustainable projects. This research identifies the most important social sustainability prequalification criteria for supplier selection in Construction Supply Chain. Additionally, a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model based on social indicators of sustainability is proposed in this research. Structured interviews were organized with experienced practitioners to define the relative importance weights of criteria that have collected in the first phase using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). As such, the AHP is applied to develop mathematical determination to achieve the weights of social indicators. Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method is used to evaluate the different suppliers in the construction supply chain against 17 identified attributes. Ultimately, the closeness coefficients of the suppliers are estimated in order to identify social performance. The research aims at proposing a computational model of MCDM in order to introduce it to the construction organizations to utilize in the supplier prequalification process. A computational model is developed and a case study is worked out to illustrate the proposed methodology in supplier selection to ensure sustainable construction projects. Afterwards, the model is validated and a sensitivity analysis is conducted to analyze the impact of changing the weights of the considered attributes in the model outputs.
Keywords: Social sustainability | Supplier selection | Construction supply chain | Multi-criteria decision making | Analytical hierarchy process | TOPSIS | Sensitivity analysis
مقاله انگلیسی
4 How to finance for establishing hydrogen refueling stations in China? An analysis based on Fuzzy AHP and PROMETHEE
چگونه می توان برای ایجاد ایستگاه های سوخت گیری هیدروژن در چین تأمین مالی کرد؟ آنالیز مبتنی بر فازی AHP و PROMETHEE-2020
Fuel Cell Vehicles are considered as a promising alternative for future sustainable transportation, while the deployment of hydrogen refueling stations is one of the major barriers that blocking the commercial introduction of Fuel Cell Vehicles. Since the establishment of hydrogen infrastructures not only requires quite a large investment, but also needs efficient project management and operation. Therefore, how to finance and operate hydrogen infrastructures is a difficult question for decision makers. In this study, it introduced four business models for financing and operating hydrogen refueling stations: Build-Operate- Transfer, Transfer-Operate-Transfer, Public-Private-Partnership, and Asset- Backed Securitization, and identified six criteria for prioritizing them. Then, it employed Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process to determine the weight for the criteria, and compared the performance of these models with respect each criterion. Finally, the method of Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations was used to determine the priority of each model for financing hydrogen refueling stations, and a Sensitivity Analysis was conducted to find the most appropriate model in different situations. The results indicated that financing difficulty, project risks, and financing costs are the most important factors for strategic investors to involve in financing hydrogen refueling stations. Among the four financing models, Public-Private-Partnership and Transfer-Operate-Transfer models are turned out to be more preferable for financing hydrogen infrastructure in China. Some policy implications have also been provided for the establishment of hydrogen refueling stations.
Keywords: Hydrogen refueling stations | Financing models | Fuzzy-AHP | PROMETHEE | Sensitivity analysis
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Energy storage and management system design optimization for a photovoltaic integrated low-energy building
ذخیره سازی انرژی و بهینه سازی طراحی سیستم مدیریت برای یک ساختمان یکپارچه فتوولتائیک-2020
This study aims to analyze and optimize the photovoltaic-battery energy storage (PV-BES) system installed in a low-energy building in China. A novel energy management strategy considering the battery cycling aging, grid relief and local time-of-use pricing is proposed based on TRNSYS. Both single-criterion and multi-criterion optimizations are conducted by comprehensively considering technical, economic and environmental performances of the system based on decision-making strategies including the weighted sum and minimum distance to the utopia point methods. The single-criterion optimizations achieve superior performances in the energy supply, battery storage, utility grid and whole system aspect respectively over the existing scenario of the target building. The multi-criterion optimization considering all performance indicators shows that the PV self-consumption and PV efficiency can be increased by 15.0% and 48.6% while the standard deviation of net grid power, battery cycling aging and CO2 emission can be reduced by 3.4%, 78.5% and 34.7% respectively. The significance and impact of design parameters are further quantified by both local and global sensitivity analyses. This study can provide references for the optimum energy management of PV-BES systems in low-energy buildings and guide the renewable energy and energy storage system design to achieve higher penetration of renewable applications into urban areas.
Keywords: Solar photovoltaic | Battery energy storage | Energy management | Optimization | Sensitivity analysis
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Dynamics of synthetic drugs transmission model with psychological addicts and general incidence rate
دینامیک مدل انتقال مواد مخدر مصنوعی معتادان روانشناختی و میزان بروز کلی-2017
Synthetic drugs are replacing traditional ones and becoming the main popular ones gradually, which have given rise to serious social issues in recent years. In this paper, a synthetic drugs transmission model with psychological addicts and general contact rate is proposed. The local and global stabilities are decided by the basic reproduction number R0. By analyzing the sensitivity of parameters, we obtain that controlling psychological addiction is better than drugs treatment. These results are verified by numerical simulations.
Keywords: Synthetic drugs | Basic reproduction number | Sensitivity analysis
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Group heterogeneity in multi member decision making model with an application to warehouse location selection in a supply chain
عدم تطابق گروه در مدل تصميم گيري چندگانه با برنامه کاربردي در انتخاب محل انبار در يک زنجيره تامین-2017
Group decision making (GDM) is more effective in extracting the real case scenarios of the decision prob lems to add competitive advantages in a supply chain. Group members from wider spectrum of the envi ronment naturally command variation in knowledge level to their respective domain. The degree of heterogeneity of the decision makers in a group plays a crucial role in realistic assessment of both alter natives and selection criteria. This paper proposes a new Multi criteria GDM approach in adroit exploita tion of the group heterogeneity during evaluation process and restrict the biasness of information while decision making. The importance of the heterogeneous degree of expertise is established through pair wise preference comparison matrix. To overcome the biasness, the consistency check mechanism of ana lytical hierarchy process (AHP) is employed. A real case example on warehouse location selection in a supply chain is illustrated to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed approach. In order to ensure the applicability, compatibility and validity of the proposed approach, comparative study is carried out with the proven and established MCDM methodologies SAW, MOORA, TOPSIS, VIKOR, ELECTRE II, COPRAS and PROMETHEE. ANOVA, Sensitivity analysis (SA) and other investigations find the proposed approach as a rational, robust, effective and precise decision making aid to the supply chain managers.
Keywords: Group heterogeneity | Pair wise comparison | Multi criteria group decision making | (MCGDM) | Warehouse location selection |Analysis of variances |Sensitivity analysis
مقاله انگلیسی
8 ارزیابی روش های تجزیه و تحلیل میزان حساسیت جهانی برای زمانبندی پروژه
سال انتشار: 2016 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 11 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 36
توسعه محصول , نیاز به برنامه ریزی دارد که بر وابستگی متقابل میان فعالیت ها , تمرکز داشته باشد. تعریف وابستگی ومدت زمان فعالیت، زمان ارتباط و سطح همپوشانی بین فعالیت ها , برای برنامه ریزی پروژه مورد نیاز است. با این حال، این پارامترها دارای عدم قطعیت شناختی هستند , که می تواند بر برنامه ریزی پروژه تاثیر بگذارد. در این کار، روش های تجزیه و تحلیل حساسیت های جهانی متفاوتی , برای شناسایی پارامترهایی که بیشترین تاثیر را بر برنامه ریزی پروژه دارند , استفاده شد. اینگونه نتیجه گیری شد که ضرایب رگرسیون استاندارد شده و همچنین به عنوان روش Morris و Sobol’–Jansen مناسب ترین روش ها هستند . همچنین مشخص شد که تجزیه و تحلیل میزان حساسیت جهانی می تواند به تمرکز بر منابع بر اساس تعاریف و کنترل عدم قطعیت فعالیت های کلیدی , کمک کند . علاوه بر این، اینگونه نتیجه گرفته شد که کنترل عدم اطمینان از فعالیت های کلیدی , باعث کاهش میزان عدم قطعیت و مدت زمان پروژه میشود .
کلمات کلیدی: ماتریس ساختار وابستگی | مدت زمان پروژه | تجزیه و تحلیل حساسیت | همپوشانی | زمانبندی
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