با سلام خدمت کاربران در صورتی که با خطای سیستم پرداخت بانکی مواجه شدید از طریق کارت به کارت (6037997535328901 بانک ملی ناصر خنجری ) مقاله خود را دریافت کنید (تا مشکل رفع گردد).
ردیف | عنوان | نوع |
---|---|---|
1 |
تکنیک ها و کاربردهای توالی یابی RNA تک سلولی در تحقیقات تکوین تخمدان و بیماری های مرتبط
سال انتشار: 2022 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 7 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 23 تخمدان یک ارگان بسیار سازمان یافته متشکل از سلول های زایا و انواع مختلف سلول های سوماتیک است که ارتباطات آنها منجر به تکوین تخمدان و تولید تخمک های عملکردی می شود. تفاوت بین سلول های منفرد ممکن است اثرات عمیقی بر عملکرد تخمدان داشته باشد. تکنیکهای توالییابی RNA تک سلولی، رویکردهای امیدوارکنندهای برای کشف ترکیب انواع سلولی ارگانیسم ها، پویایی رونوشتها یا ترنسکریپتوم، شبکه تنظیمکننده بین ژنها و مسیرهای سیگنالدهی بین انواع سلولها در وضوح تک سلولی هستند. در این مطالعه، ما یک مرور کلی از تکنیکهای توالییابی RNA تک سلولی موجود از جمله Smart-seq2 و Drop-seq و همچنین کاربردهای آنها در تحقیقات بیولوژیکی و بالینی ارائه میکنیم تا درک بهتری از مکانیسمهای مولکولی زیربنای تکوین تخمدان و بیماری های مرتبط با آن ارائه کنیم.
کلیدواژگان: تکوین تخمدانن | توالی یابی RNA تک سلولی | شبکه تنظیمی | بیماری ها |
مقاله ترجمه شده |
2 |
Evaluation of infrared thermography combined with behavioral biometrics for estrus detection in naturally cycling dairy cows
ارزیابی ترموگرافی مادون قرمز همراه با بیومتریک رفتاری برای تشخیص فحلی در گاوهای شیری دوچرخه سواری طبیعی-2021 Low estrus detection rates (>50%) are associated to extended calving intervals, low economic profit and
reduced longevity in Holstein dairy cows. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of
infrared thermography and behavioral biometrics combined as potential estrus alerts in naturally (not
induced) cycling dairy cows housed in a tie-stall barn. Eighteen first lactation cows were subjected to
transrectal ultrasonography to determine spontaneous ovulation. The dominant follicle (DF) disappearance was used retrospectively as an indirect indicator of ovulation, and to establish the estrus period
(48–24 h prior the DF disappearance). Raw skin temperature (Raw IR) and residual skin temperature
(Res IR) were recorded using an infrared camera at the Vulva area with the tail (Vtail), Vulva area without
the tail (Vnotail), and Vulva’s external lips (Vlips) at AM and PM milking from Day 14 until two days after
ovulation was confirmed. Behavioral biometrics were recorded on the same schedule as infrared scan.
Behavioral biometrics included large hip movements (L-hip), small hip movements (S-hip), large tail
movements and small tail movements to compare behavioral changes between estrus and nonestrus
periods. Significant increases in Raw IR skin temperature were observed two days prior to ovulation
(Vtail; 35.93 ± 0.27 C, Vnotail; 35.59 ± 0.27 C, and Vlips; 35.35 ± 0.27 C) compared to d 5
(Proestrus; Vtail; 35.29 ± 0.27 C, Vnotail; 34.93 ± 0.31 C, and Vlips; 34.68 ± 0.27 C). No significant
changes were found for behavioral parameters with the exception of S-hip movements, which increased
at two days before ovulation (d 2; 11.13 ± 1.44 Events/5min) compared to d 5 (7.30 ± 1.02
Events/5min). To evaluate the accuracy of thermal and behavioral biometrics, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed using Youden index (YJ), diagnostic odds ratio, positive likelihood
ratio (LR+), Sensitivity, Specificity and Positive predicted value to score the estrus alerts. The greatest
accuracy achieved using thermal parameters was for Res IR Vtail PM (YJ = 0.34) and L-hip PM
(YJ = 0.27) for behavioral biometrics. Combining thermal and behavioral parameters did not improve
the YJ index score but reduced the false-positive occurrence observed by increasing the diagnostic odds
ratio (26.62), LR+ (12.47), Specificity (0.97) and positive predicted value (0.90) in a Res IR Vtail PM, S-hip
AM, S-hip PM combination. The combination of thermal and behavioral parameters increased the accuracy of estrus detection compared to either thermal or behavioral biometrics, independently in naturally
cycling cows during milking.
Keywords: Combined-parameters | First-lactating | Movement-frequency | Preovulation | Skin temperature |
مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
آرایش مولکولی تخمدان بالغ انسان
سال انتشار: 2021 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 7 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 14 سلول های عملکردی تخمدان برای باروری انسان ضروری هستند. در تخمدان بالغ، انواع مختلف سلول ها هموستاز تخمدان را تضمین می کند، تولید هورمونی را امکان پذیر می کند و از بلوغ تخمک حمایت می کند. تخمدان یک اندام پیچیده و بسیار پویا است که از انواع زیادی سلولتشکیل شده است که بسیاری از آنها هنوز مشخص نشدهاند. استفاده از فنآوریهای توالییابی RNA تک سلولی بر روی بافت تخمدان انسان منجر به آغاز کشف نشانه های مولکولی سلولهای موجود در تخمدان شده است و تغییرات چشمگیر در بیان ژن در طول رشد و رگرسیون فولیکولی را نشان داده است. این دانش در نهایت بینش هایی را در مورد باروری زنان و بیماری های تولید مثلی مرتبط ارائه می دهد و بهینه سازی مدل های بیماری مبتنی بر انسان و پروتکل های گامتوژنز در شرایط آزمایشگاهی را امکان پذیر می کند.
کلید واژه ها: انسان | تخمدان بالغ | ردیابی رونویسی | توالی یابی تک سلولی | فولیکولوژنز. |
مقاله ترجمه شده |
4 |
Progesterone-based timed AI protocols for Bos indicus cattle II: Reproductive outcomes of either EB or GnRH-type protocol, using or not GnRH at AI
پروتکل های هوش مصنوعی به موقع مبتنی بر پروژسترون برای Bos indicus II: نتایج تولید مثل پروتکل نوع EB یا GnRH ، استفاده یا عدم استفاده از GnRH در هوش مصنوعی-2020 The aim of these experiments was to study ovarian dynamics and fertility of Bos indicus beef cattle
submitted to 7-d progesterone (P4)-based fixed-time AI (FTAI) protocols using different hormonal
treatments. In Exp. 1, 2 yr old Nelore heifers (n ¼ 973) were randomly assigned to one of four treatments:
EB-0 (estradiol benzoate, EB on D0 and no GnRH at AI), EB-G (EB on D0 and GnRH at AI), G-0 (GnRH on
D0 and no GnRH at AI), or G-G (GnRH on D0 and at AI). On D0, heifers received an intravaginal P4 implant
(0.5 g) for 7 d and EB (1.5 mg) or GnRH (16.8 mg). On D7, the P4 implant was withdrawn and heifers
received cloprostenol (PGF; 0.5 mg) and estradiol cypionate (EC, 0.5 mg). Heifers in G groups also
received PGF and eCG (200 IU) on D6, whereas EB heifers received eCG on D7. At FTAI on D9, only EB-G
and G-G groups received GnRH (8.4 mg). In Exp. 2, Nelore cows (n ¼ 804) received the same treatments
(EB-0, EB-G, G-0, or G-G) using a 1.0 g P4 implant, 2.0 mg EB, and 300 IU eCG. Effects were considered
significant when P 0.05. After treatment on D0, G had more ovulations than EB in heifers (60.3 [287/
476] vs. 12.7% [63/497]) and cows (73.7 [83/112] vs. 24.4% [28/113]). Luteolysis after D0 was greater in EB
than G in heifers (39.2 [159/406] vs. 20.0% [77/385]) and cows (25.5 [14/55] vs. 1.6% [1/64]). Heifers in G
had larger follicles (mm) than EB on D7 (10.3 ± 0.2 vs. 9.2 ± 0.2) and at AI (11.9 ± 0.2 vs. 11.3 ± 0.2). Cows
had larger follicles in G than EB on D7 (11.0 ± 0.3 vs. 9.9 ± 0.3) but not at AI. More estrus was observed in
G than EB for heifers (80.3 [382/476] vs. 69.6% [346/497]) and cows (67.6 [270/400] vs. 56.2% [227/404]).
There was no interaction between D0 and D9 treatments on pregnancy per AI (P/AI) in heifers (EB-0: 56.7
[139/245], EB-G: 53.6 [135/252], G-0: 52.6 [127/241], and G-G: 57.5% [135/235]). However, cows from EBG
had greater P/AI than EB-0 (69.5 [142/204] vs. 60.2% [120/200]), whereas P/AI for G-0 (62.7% [127/203])
was similar to G-G (60.9% [120/197]). In heifers, there was no interaction of GnRH at AI with estrus,
however, cows that did not display estrus had greater P/AI if they received GnRH at AI (GnRH ¼ 59.1 [91/
154] vs. No GnRH ¼ 48.2% [78/162]). Thus, protocols initiated with EB or GnRH for Bos indicus heifers and
cows had differing ovarian dynamics but similar overall fertility, enabling their use in reproductive
management programs. Treatment with GnRH at time of AI increased fertility in some instances in Bos
indicus cows but not in heifers. Keywords: Beef cattle | Estrus | Fertility | GnRH | Ovulation |
مقاله انگلیسی |
5 |
Oocyte and embryo evaluation by AI and multi-spectral autofluorescence imaging: Livestock embryology needs to catch-up to clinical practice
ارزیابی تخمک و جنین توسط هوش مصنوعی و تصویربرداری خودکار فلورسانس چند طیفی: جنین شناسی دام باید به مراحل بالینی برسد-2020 A highly accurate ‘non-invasive quantitative embryo assessment for pregnancy’ (NQEAP) technique that
determines embryo quality has been an elusive goal. If developed, NQEAP would transform the selection
of embryos from both Multiple Ovulation and Embryo Transfer (MOET), and even more so, in vitro
produced (IVP) embryos for livestock breeding. The area where this concept is already having impact is in
the field of clinical embryology, where great strides have been taken in the application of morphokinetics
and artificial intelligence (AI); while both are already in practice, rigorous and robust evidence of efficacy
is still required. Even the translation of advances in the qualitative scoring of human IVF embryos have
yet to be translated to the livestock IVP industry, which remains dependent on the MOET-standardised 3-
point scoring system. Furthermore, there are new ways to interrogate the biochemistry of individual
embryonic cells by using new, light-based methodologies, such as FLIM and hyperspectral microscopy.
Combinations of these technologies, in particular combining new imaging systems with AI, will lead to
very accurate NQEAP predictive tools, improving embryo selection and recipient pregnancy success. Keywords: Embryo selection | Machine learning | Pregnancy establishment | Embryo metabolism | Morphokinetics |
مقاله انگلیسی |
6 |
Prostaglandin F2a influences pre-ovulatory follicle characteristics and pregnancy per AI in anovular dairy cows
پروستاگلاندین F2a بر خصوصیات فولیکول قبل از تخمک گذاری و بارداری در هوش مصنوعی در گاوهای شیری بی قاعده تأثیر می گذارد-2020 Objectives were to determine the effects of a dose of PGF2a administered 2 days before timed artificial
insemination (AI) on LH pulsatility, characteristics of the pre-ovulatory follicle, and pregnancy per
artificial insemination (P/AI) in anovular dairy cows, particularly in cows not subjected to hyperthermia.
In experiment 1, 2,011 lactating Holstein cows had ovaries scanned by ultrasound to determine corpus
luteum (CL) presence and only those without a CL in two consecutive exams were enrolled (n ¼ 437).
Cows had the estrous cycle synchronized with an estradiol-progesterone based protocol starting on
experiment Day 11 and timed AI on Day 0. Cows were assigned randomly to receive a single dose of
25 mg of PGF2a as dinoprost on Day 4 (1PGF, n ¼ 222) or two doses of 25 mg each of PGF2a, one on
Day 4 and one on Day 2 (2PGF, n ¼ 215). Rectal temperatures were evaluated on the day of AI and 7
days later and cows were classified as being normothermic (<39.1 C) or hyperthermic (39.1 C).
Ovulatory responses and P/AI were determined. In experiment 2, cows with regressed CL were exposed
to low concentrations of progesterone and then randomly assigned to the same estrous synchronization
protocol and treatments, 1PGF (n ¼ 28) and 2PGF (n ¼ 28). Blood was sampled and analyzed for concentrations
of progesterone, and for concentrations of LH and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2a metabolite
(PGFM) every 15 min starting 1 h before to 6 h after treatments and then every 2 h from 12 to 59 h after
treatments. The pre-ovulatory follicle was aspirated 44 h after treatments and concentrations of estradiol
quantified. In experiment 1, treatment of anovular cows with a second dose of PGF2a increased P/AI in
normothermic cows (19.8 [18/91] vs. 38.8% [31/80]), but not in hyperthermic cows. Synchronization was
not affected by treatment, but it was greater for normothermic than hyperthermic cows (87.1 [149/171]
vs. 77.8% [207/266]). When only synchronized cows were evaluated, the same responses were observed;
treatment with 2PGF increased P/AI compared with 1PGF in normothermic cows (23.1 [18/78] vs. 43.7%
[31/71]), but not in hyperthermic cows. In experiment 2, administration of 25 mg of dinoprost in 2PGF
resulted in concentrations of PGFM 26-fold greater than 1PGF in the first 6 h after treatment (48 vs.
1,242 pg/mL). Cows receiving 2PGF had smaller basal LH concentration (0.57 vs. 0.46 ng/mL) and less
frequent LH pulses (4.5 vs. 3.9 pulses/6 h), but duration of the LH surge was longer for 2PGF than 1PGF
(13.1 vs. 15.5 h). Treatment with 2PGF increased the diameter and volume of the pre-ovulatory follicle,
and concentration of estradiol (115 vs. 262 ng/mL) and total follicular estradiol content (124 vs. 505 ng)
compared with 1PGF. Collectively, these results suggest that PGF2a has a role in fertility of anovular cows
that is unrelated to its luteolytic effect. Keywords: Anovular | Follicle | Dairy cow | Prostaglandin |
مقاله انگلیسی |
7 |
Treatment with estradiol cypionate at progesterone withdrawal reduces handling without compromising the pregnancy rate to timed- AI in buffalo
درمان با استرادیول سیپیونات در ترک پروژسترون ، دست زدن بدون به خطر انداختن میزان حاملگی به موقع هوش مصنوعی در بوفالو را کاهش می دهد-2020 The aim of this study was to determine if treatment with estradiol cypionate (EC) at the time of P4
withdrawal induced ovulation in a synchronization/timed-AI (TAI) protocol in buffalo. In Experiment 1,
56 buffaloes received an intravaginal P4 device (1.0 g) plus estradiol benzoate (EB, 2.0 mg im) on Day
0 (D0). On Day 9, the P4 device was removed and buffaloes were given PGF2a (0.53 mg im sodium
cloprostenol) plus eCG (400 IU im). Buffaloes were then randomly allocated to one of two groups: Group
GEC (n ¼ 29), treated with EC (1.0 mg im) at P4 device removal; Group GEB (n ¼ 27), treated with EB
(1.0 mg im) 24 h after P4 device removal. Ovarian ultrasound was undertaken on: D0, to ascertain general
ovarian status; D9 to D11 (every 24 h), to measure diameter of the largest follicle (LF) and follicular
growth rate; D11 to D13 (every 12 h for 72 h), to determine the time of ovulation and ovulation rate.
Following P4 device removal, Groups GEC and GEB had a similar follicular growth rate (0.9 ± 0.1 and
1.1 ± 0.1 mm/day, respectively; P ¼ 0.15) and similar LF diameter on D11 (11.4 ± 0.6 and 12.5 ± 0.5 mm;
P ¼ 0.12). Groups GEC and GEB also had a similar diameter of the ovulatory follicle (13.0 ± 0.5 and
13.4 ± 0.6 mm; P ¼ 0.52), interval from P4 device removal to ovulation (68.2 ± 2.8 and 71.1 ± 1.4 h;
P ¼ 0.41) and ovulation rate (62.1% and 70.4%; P ¼ 0.44). In Experiment 2, 199 buffaloes were assigned to
the two treatments in Experiment 1 (GEC, n ¼ 100; GEB, n ¼ 99). All animals underwent TAI 56 h after P4
device removal and pregnancy diagnosis was preformed on D41. The pregnancy rate was similar for
Groups GEC and GEB (50.0 and 45.5%, respectively; P ¼ 0.45). The findings indicate that treatment with
EC at the time of P4 withdrawal induces ovulation and achieves the same pregnancy rate to TAI as
treatment with EB 24 h after P4 removal. The use of EC requires one less handling which is highly
important in facilitating practical adoption of TAI in assisted breeding and genetic improvement in
buffalo. Keywords: Buffalo | Estradiol cypionate | Ovulation synchronization | Pregnancy | Timed-AI |
مقاله انگلیسی |
8 |
Long interval prostaglandin-based treatment regimens do not affect ovulatory or prolificacy rates of multiparous ewes after cervical fixed timed AI
رژیم های درمانی مبتنی بر پروستاگلاندین با فاصله طولانی بر میزان تخمک گذاری یا ازدیاد میش های چندشاخ بعد از هوش مصنوعی به موقع دهانه رحم تأثیر نمی گذارد-2020 To evaluate effects of a longer, than conventional, interval between time of prostaglandin F2α
(PG)-based administrations in a PG-based treatment regimen for fixed timed AI (FTAI) on ovulation
rate (OR), non-estrous return rate on Day 21 subsequent to the time of AI (NRR21), as well
as conception, prolificacy and fecundity rates, ewes were assigned to two groups. Ewes of
treatment group (PG15) were estrous-synchronized using two PG doses 15 days apart and FTAI
was conducted at 56 h after the second PG administration (Day 0). Ewes of the Control group (SE)
had imposed a pre-estrous synchrony treatment regimen with two PG doses 7 days apart and AI
was conducted after detection of spontaneous estrus from 17 to 19 days after the second PG
administration (Day 0). Ovulation rate on Day 8, NRR21, conception, prolificacy and fecundity
rates on Day 60 were evaluated. There were no differences (P > 0.05) between ewes of the PG15
and SE groups in OR (1.47 ± 0.50 and 1.54 ± 0.50, respectively) or prolificacy (1.42 ± 0.80
and 1.33 ± 0.62, respectively), however, there were lesser values (P < 0.05) in the PG15 than
SE group for NRR21 (65.2% and 91.3%, respectively), conception (59.8% and 91.3%, respectively)
and fecundity (84.8% and 120%, respectively). The longer interval with the PG-based
treatment regimen does not affect OR and prolificacy, but there is a lesser NRR21, conception and
fecundity rate in comparison to ewes of the Control group. Keywords: Prostaglandin | Fixed timed AI | Ovulation rate | Prolificacy | Conception | Ewe |
مقاله انگلیسی |
9 |
بلوغ تخمک انسان در شرایط آزمایشگاهی
سال انتشار: 2012 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 11 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 32 تخمک های آزاد شده از فولیکول های آنترال با اندازه متوسط فاز رشد خود را تکمیل می کنند و اگر از محیط فولیکولی منتشر شوند و در شرایط آزمایشگاهی کشت گردند، قادر به از سرگیری روند میوز و بالغ شدن خواهند بود. با این حال، کشت بلوغ آزمایشگاهی (IVM) به طور کامل تمام تغییرات هسته ای و سیتوپلاسمی که از نظر فیزیولوژیکی رخ می دهد را به عنوان اثر محرک تخمک گذاری حمایت نمی کند.
بدون در نظر گرفتن، IVM تخمک به طور گسترده ای برای پرورش گونه های کشاورزی مهم استفاده می شود. در فن آوری کمک تولید مثلی، IVM به عنوان درمان جایگزین برای دور زدن اشکالاتی از رژیم های استاندارد تحریک تخمدان ارائه شده است.
ابتدا برای از بین بردن خطرات ناشی از تحریک بیش از حد تخمدان زنان مبتلا به سندرم تخمدان پلی کیستیک معرفی شد، پس از آن، IVM پیشنهاد شده است برای نمایش یک رویکرد اضافی مناسب نیز برای بیمارانی با تخمک گذاری نرمال پیشنهاد شد.
تاکنون، در کودکان متولد شده از چرخه های IVM، هیچ شک و تردیدی از بروز ناهنجاری های مادرزادی مطرح نشده است. تولدهای بیشتری صورت خواهد گرفت، اگر سیستم های IVM جدید، بتواند توسط تجربه گرایی تحت سلطه، با توجه به معیارهای فیزیولوژیکی بیشتر درک شود.
یافته های اخیر ریزش نور تازه برای کنترل پیشرفت میوز، حمایت از سلولهای کومولوس برای سازماندهی مجدد سلولی تخمک در طی بلوغ اتفاق می افتد و مدولاسیون محرک برای ترویج رشد تخمک با سیگنال گنادوتروپین پایین در اواسط چرخه، نکات بسیار مهمی را برای توسعه سیستم های IVM کارآمد تر ارائه می کند.
کلمات کلیدی: تخمک | میوز | بلوغ آزمایشگاهی | در لقاح مصنوعی | فن آوری کمک به تولید مثل |
مقاله ترجمه شده |