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نتیجه جستجو - تنوع

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 303
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Human perception of color differences using computer vision system measurements of raw pork loin
درک انسان از تفاوت‌های رنگی با استفاده از اندازه‌گیری‌های سیستم بینایی کامپیوتری گوشت خوک خام-2022
In the food industry, product color plays an important role in influencing consumer choices. Yet, there remains little research on the human ability to perceive differences in product color; therefore, preference testing is subjective rather than based on quantitative colors. Using a de-centralized computer-aided systematic discrim- ination testing method, we ascertain consumers’ ability to discern between systematically varied colors. As a case study, the colors represent the color variability of fresh pork as measured by a computer vision system. Our results indicate that a total color difference (ΔE) of approximately 1 is discriminable by consumers. Furthermore, we ascertain that a change in color along the b*-axis (yellowness) in CIELAB color space is most discernable, followed by the a*-axis (redness) and then the L*-axis (lightness). As developed, our web-based discrimination testing approach allows for large scale evaluation of human color perception, while these quantitative findings on meat color discrimination are of value for future research on consumer preferences of meat color and beyond.
keywords: تست تبعیض | تست مثلث | ترجیح رنگ | ظاهر غذا | رنگ گوشت | Discrimination testing | Triange test | Color preference | Food appearance | Meat color
مقاله انگلیسی
2 The application of computer vision systems in meat science and industry – A review
کاربرد سیستم های بینایی کامپیوتری در علم و صنعت گوشت – مروری-2022
Computer vision systems (CVS) are applied to macro- and microscopic digital photographs captured using digital cameras, ultrasound scanners, computer tomography, and wide-angle imaging cameras. Diverse image acquisi- tion devices make it technically feasible to obtain information about both the external features and internal structures of targeted objects. Attributes measured in CVS can be used to evaluate meat quality. CVS are also used in research related to assessing the composition of animal carcasses, which might help determine the impact of cross-breeding or rearing systems on the quality of meat. The results obtained by the CVS technique also contribute to assessing the impact of technological treatments on the quality of raw and cooked meat. CVS have many positive attributes including objectivity, non-invasiveness, speed, and low cost of analysis and systems are under constant development an improvement. The present review covers computer vision system techniques, stages of measurements, and possibilities for using these to assess carcass and meat quality.
keywords: سیستم بینایی کامپیوتری | گوشت | محصولات گوشتی | لاشه | Computer vision system | Meat | Meat products | Carcass
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Computer vision for assessing species color pattern variation from web-based community science images
بینایی کامپیوتری برای ارزیابی تنوع الگوی رنگ گونه ها از تصاویر علم جامعه مبتنی بر وب-2022
Openly available community science digital vouchers provide a wealth of data to study phenotypic change across space and time. However, extracting phenotypic data from these resources requires significant human effort. Here, we demonstrate a workflow and computer vision model for automatically categorizing species color pattern from community science images. Our work is focused on documenting the striped/unstriped color polymorphism in the Eastern Red-backed Salamander (Plethodon cinereus). We used an ensemble convolutional neural network model to analyze this polymorphism in 20,318 iNaturalist images. Our model was highly accurate (∼98%) despite image heterogeneity. We used the resulting annotations to document extensive niche overlap between morphs, but wider niche breadth for striped morphs at the range-wide scale. Our work showcases key design principles for using machine learning with heterogeneous community science image data to address questions at an unprecedented scale.
keywords: Computer science | Ecology | Evolutionary biology
مقاله انگلیسی
4 The relationship between syntactic complexity and rhetorical move-steps in research article introductions: Variation among four social science and engineering disciplines
رابطه پیچیدگی نحوی و گام‌های حرکت بلاغی در مقدمه‌های مقاله پژوهشی: تنوع در میان چهار رشته علوم اجتماعی و مهندسی-2021
This study investigates disciplinary variation in the relationship between syntactic complexity and rhetorical move-steps in research article (RA) introductions. Our data consisted of the introduction sections of 400 published RAs in two core social science disciplines, Anthropology and Sociology, and two core engineering disciplines, Chemical Engineering and Electrical Engineering. Each sample was manually annotated for rhetorical move-steps using an adapted version of Swales’ (2004) revised Create a Research Space model and assessed for syntactic complexity using multiple measures of global complexity, finite subordination, clausal elaboration, and phrasal complexity. Our results revealed significant disciplinary variation in terms of the syntactic complexity of sentences realizing each of six rhetorical move-steps commonly found in RA introductions. Our findings contribute to the emerging understanding of disciplinary variation in function-form mappings in RA writing and have useful implications for genre-based academic writing research and pedagogy.
Keywords: Academic writing | Disciplinary variation | Function-form mappings | Genre analysis | Linguistic features | Rhetorical goals
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Linking standard Economic Account for Forestry and ecosystem accounting: Total forest incomes and environmental assets in publicly-owned conifer farms in Andalusia-Spain
پیوند حساب استاندارد اقتصادی برای حسابداری جنگلداری و اکوسیستم: کل درآمد جنگل ها و دارایی های محیطی در مزارع عمومی متعلق به مالکیت در اندلس اسپانیا-2021
A major problem faced by government as trustee of society charged with conserving the nation’s forest envi- ronmental asset is that the standard Economic Account for Forestry (EAF) fails to measure the contribution of nature to total forest incomes and environmental assets. In the context of this government mission, the debate arises with regard to how to uncover the contribution of nature to the total forest incomes enjoyed by people through a refined accounting framework which extends the EAF. The latter is applied by the statistics office to estimate the values added of timber, firewood, cork, resin, industrial nut and other non-woody final products of the forest at national/sub-national scale. Bearing in mind this narrow scope of the EAF, this research proposes the application of the experimental Agroforestry Accounting System (AAS), which extends the forest incomes and environmental asset estimates by applying simulated exchange values stated/revealed by consumers for non- market public goods and services. We apply the EAF and AAS frameworks to 12 large publicly-owned pro- tected conifer forest farms which are not available for sale on the competitive land market and which cover an area of 47,262 ha in Andalusia-Spain. In this conifer farm case study, the EAF considers the economic activities of timber, firewood, aromatic plants and residential service. The AAS adds to the EAF activities those of grazing, conservation forestry, hunting, livestock, agricultural crops, livestock-keeper private amenity, fire services, free access recreation, mushrooms, carbon, landscape conservation, threatened wild biodiversity and water supply runoff stored lower down the watershed in public reservoirs. The objectives of this conifer farm case study are, first, to compare the final products and incomes estimated by applying the EAF and AAS frameworks and, second, to measure the sensitivity of conifer farm environmental assets to changes in land ownership rights and dis- counting rates in accordance with the AAS results. The conifer farm results show total income measured by the AAS is 38 times higher than the EAF net value added (NVA) for the 2010 period. The AAS economic activities of forestry conservation, fire services and landscape conservation activities generate 71% of the conifer farm labour compensation. The AAS opening environmental asset measured at the assumed competitive real baseline dis- counting rate of 3% is 6371.6 €/ha, which is 3.7 times lower than it would be if the conifer farm was available for sale on the competitive land market. The change in the baseline discounting rate chosen, from 3% to 1.5%, would lead to an increase of 116% in the value of the opening environmental asset. The above results reveal the inconsistent EAF measurement of total conifer farm incomes. The sensitivity analysis underlines the important effects on the environmental asset arising from changes in land ownership rights and discounting rates.
keywords: حساب اقتصادی برای جنگلداری | سیستم حساب های ملی | سیستم حسابداری جنگلداری | خدمات محیط زیستی | درآمد زیست محیطی | Economic account for forestry | System of national accounts | Agroforestry accounting system | Ecosystem services | Environmental income
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Linking biodiversity into national economic accounting
پیوند تنوع زیستی به حسابداری اقتصادی ملی-2021
Biodiversity underpins the supply of ecosystem services essential for well-being and economic development, yet biodiversity loss continues at a substantial rate. Linking biodiversity indicators with national economic accounts provides a means of mainstreaming biodiversity into economic planning and monitoring processes. Here we examine the various strategies for biodiversity indicators to be linked into national economic accounts, specif- ically the System of Environmental-Economic Accounts Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EEA) framework. We present what has been achieved in practice, using various case studies from across the world. These case studies demonstrate the potential of economic accounting as an integrating, mainstreaming frame- work that explicitly considers biodiversity. With the right indicators for the different components of biodiversity and scales of biological organisation, this can directly support more holistic economic planning approaches. This will be a significant step forward from relying on the traditional indicators of national economic accounts to guide national planning. It is also essential if society’s objectives for biodiversity and sustainable development are to be met.
keywords: سیستم حسابداری اقتصادی محیط زیست | رادیو | تنوع زیستی | خدمات محیط زیستی | توسعه پایدار | System of environmental economic accounting | SEEA-EEA | Biodiversity | Ecosystem services | Sustainable development
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Ecosystem accounting to support the Common Agricultural Policy
حسابداری اکوسیستم برای حمایت از سیاست های کشاورزی مشترک-2021
The System of Environmental-Economic Accounting - Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EA) provides an integrated statistical framework which organizes spatially explicit data on environmental quality, natural capital and ecosystem services and links this information to economic activities such as agriculture. In this paper we assess how the SEEA EA can support the monitoring and evaluation of environmental objectives of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). We focus on the Netherlands, for which an elaborate set of SEEA EA accounts has been published, and the themes of nitrogen pollution and farmland biodiversity. We studied the completeness of in- dicators included in the accounts, their quality and analysed how the accounts could support agri-environmental reporting, agri-environmental measures effectiveness assessments, and results-based payments to farmers. As a reference we used the Driving forces – Pressures – State – Impacts - Responses (DPSIR) framework. The Dutch SEEA EA accounts only include half of the indicators which we considered essential to assess the effects of farming on natural capital and ecosystem services for the two studied environmental themes. However, most gaps in the accounts could be filled with other publicly available environmental monitoring data. Regarding N pollution, the availability and reliability of indicators at landscape and farm scales are not sufficient to support the assessment of agri-environmental measures effectiveness and results-based payments to decrease N pollution. The accounts have a higher potential to support the assessment of measures to conserve farmland biodiversity, in particular due to high resolution maps of ecosystem extent and ecosystem services flows. The potential of the SEEA EA accounts may be more limited in other countries where ecosystem accounting has only recently started. However, the SEEA EA is also implemented at the European Union scale, so that SEEA EA indicators will gradually become available for all European countries. To enhance the relevance of the SEEA EA in the agri- environmental policy area, we recommend to integrate information on farming emissions (externalities) recor- ded in the SEEA Central Framework with SEEA EA accounts and evaluate the applicability of SEEA EA accounts for case studies at landscape and farm scales. Our research shows that the Dutch SEEA EA accounts, com- plemented with other data sources, have potential to strongly enhance the CAP monitoring and evaluation framework but further steps need to be taken to fill data gaps.
keywords: اقدامات زیست محیطی | کلاه لبه دار | رادیو | پایتخت طبیعی | خدمات محیط زیستی | زمینه های کشاورزی | Agri-environment measures | CAP | SEEA EA | Natural capital | Ecosystem services | Farming externalities
مقاله انگلیسی
8 The financial impacts of environmental violations on supply chains: Evidence from an emerging market
تأثیرات مالی تخلفات زیست محیطی بر زنجیره های تأمین: شواهدی از یک بازار در حال ظهور-2021
Based on 100 environmental violations occurring in China in 2018 and matched supply chain relationship data obtained from Bloomberg, our research shows that environmental violations have negative financial impacts on not only the violators but also their supply chain partners including customers and suppliers. Nevertheless, environmental transparency and supply chain diversity help these supply chain partners mitigate the negative effects arising from the environmental violations. While the mitigating role of environmental transparency is more pronounced for customers than suppliers, supply chain diversity has a similar mitigating effect for both customers and suppliers.
Keywords: Environmental violation | Emerging market | Environmental transparency | Supply chain diversity | Market value
مقاله انگلیسی
9 تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی: بررسی ارتباطات برای پیشرفت علم پرستاری نظامی
سال انتشار: 2021 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 11 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 30
زمینه: دانشمندان پرستار نظامی در شاخه های وابسته به خدمات گنجانده شده اند (ارتش ، نیروی دریایی ، نیروی هوایی) با مأموریت های مختلف ، اما با هدف منحصر به فرد تولید و انتشار تحقیقات موثر بر سلامتی و رفاه ذینفعان وزارت دفاع.
هدف: این پروژه همکاری بین تحقیقات پرستاری TriService را بررسی می کند اعضای برنامه (TSNRP) ، به دنبال فرصت هایی برای تقویت ، متنوع سازی و گسترش همکاری تحقیقاتی هستند.
روش: تجزیه و تحلیل شبکه های اجتماعی (SNA) تحقیق تجربی از روابط بین بازیگران اجتماعی در سطوح مختلف تجزیه و تحلیل است . یک ارزیابی الکترونیکی SNA و نمونه برداری کلی برای بررسی همکاری های فعلی دانشمندان پرستار نظامی دکترای آماده (136 ( N= استفاده شد.
یافته ها: شبکه همکاری TSNRP دارای ساختار پیچیده خدمات محور است با بازیگران سطح بالا که دیگران به دنبال مشاوره ، دانش یا مهارت آنها هستند و به عنوان اتصالات یا پلهای مختلف در بین شعب خدمات فعالیت می کنند.
بحث: از نظر دانشمندان نظامی ، SNA در شناسایی افراد با نفوذ ، تجسم فرصت های مشاوره درون خدماتی ، طراحی سیاست های پاسخگو و جهت دهی فرصت های شغلی برای دانشمندان تازه کار نقش مهمی دارد.
کلید واژه ها: همکاری های حرفه ای دانشمندان پرستار | تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی | شبکه های اجتماعی | پرستاری نظامی | زمینه
مقاله ترجمه شده
10 Ontology-augmented Prognostics and Health Management for shopfloor-synchronised joint maintenance and production management decisions
پیش آگهی و مدیریت سلامت با هستی شناسی تقویت شده برای تصمیمات مدیریت تولید و نگهداری مشترک هماهنگ شده با کف مغازه-2021
In smart factories, guaranteeing shopfloor-synchronised and real-time decision-making is essential to be responsive to the ever-changing internal environment, namely the shopfloor of the production system and assets. At operational level, decisions should balance counter acting objectives of maintenance and production; there- fore, their decision-making processes should be joint and coordinated, to fulfil production requirements considering the health state of the assets. The knowledge of the current state is promoted by the application of Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) as an aid to support informed decision-making. Nevertheless, PHM- purposed information is usually not complete in terms of production requirements. To support joint maintenance and production management decisions, an ontological approach is proposed. The ontology, called ORMA (Ontology for Reliability-centred MAintenance), has a modular structure, including formalisation of asset, pro- cess, and product knowledge. Via suitable relationships, rules, and axioms, ORMA can infer product feasibility based on the current health state of the assets and their functional units. ORMA is implemented in a Flexible Manufacturing Line at a laboratory scale. Therein, an integrated solution, involving a health state detection algorithm that interacts with the ontology, supports human decision-making via a web-based dashboard; joint maintenance and production management decisions can be then taken, relying on diversified information pro- vided by the PHM algorithm as well as the augmentation via ontology reasoning. The proposed ontology-based solution represents a step towards reconfigurability of smart factories where human and automated decision- making processes work in synergy.
keywords: هستی شناسی | استدلال | پیشگویی و مدیریت بهداشت | phm | نگهداری | تولید | Ontology | Reasoning | Prognostics and health management | PHM | maintenance | production
مقاله انگلیسی
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