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نتیجه جستجو - خصوصیات

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 132
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Hash Function Based on Controlled Alternate Quantum Walks With Memory (September 2021)
عملکرد هش بر اساس راه رفتن کوانتومی جایگزین کنترل شده با حافظه (سپتامبر 2021)-2022
We propose a Quantum inspired Hash Function using controlled alternate quantum walks with Memory on cycles (QHFM), where the jth message bit decides whether to run quantum walk with one-step memory or to run quantum walk with two-step memory at the jth time step, and the hash value is calculated from the resulting probability distribution of the walker. Numerical simulation shows that the proposed hash function has near-ideal statistical performance and is at least on a par with the state-of-the-art hash functions based on quantum walks in terms of sensitivity of hash value to message, diffusion and confusion properties, uniform distribution property, and collision resistance property; and theoretical analysis indicates that the time and space complexity of the new scheme are not greater than those of its peers. The good performance of QHFM suggests that quantum walks that differ not only in coin operators but also in memory lengths can be combined to build good hash functions, which, in turn, enriches the construction of controlled alternate quantum walks.
INDEX TERMS: Controlled alternate quantum walks (CAQW) | hash function | quantum walks with memory (QWM) | statistical properties | time and space complexity.
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Non-destructive and contactless estimation of chlorophyll and ammonia contents in packaged fresh-cut rocket leaves by a Computer Vision System
تخمین غیر مخرب و بدون تماس محتویات کلروفیل و آمونیاک در برگ های موشک تازه برش خورده بسته بندی شده توسط یک سیستم کامپیوتر ویژن-2022
Computer Vision Systems (CVS) offer a non-destructive and contactless tool to assign visual quality level to fruit and vegetables and to estimate some of their internal characteristics. The innovative CVS described in this paper exploits the combination of image processing techniques and machine learning models (Random Forests) to assess the visual quality and predict the internal traits on unpackaged and packaged rocket leaves. Its perfor- mance did not depend on the cultivation system (traditional soil or soilless). The same CVS, exploiting its ma- chine learning components, was able to build effective models for either the classification problem (visual quality level assignment) and the regression problems (estimation of senescence indicators such as chlorophyll and ammonia contents) just by changing the training data. The experiments showed a negligible performance loss on packaged products (Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient of 0.84 for chlorophyll and 0.91 for ammonia) with respect to unpackaged ones (0.86 for chlorophyll and 0.92 for ammonia). Thus, the non-destructive and con- tactless CVS represents a valid alternative to destructive, expensive and time-consuming analyses in the lab and can be effectively and extensively used along the whole supply chain, even on packaged products that cannot be analyzed using traditional tools.
keywords: Contactless quality level assessment | Diplotaxis tenuifolia L | Image analysis | Packaged vegetables | Senescence indicators prediction
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Refraction seismic complementing electrical method in subsurface characterization for tunneling in soft pyroclastic, (a case study)
روش الکتریکی تکمیلی لرزه‌ای شکست در شناسایی زیرسطحی برای تونل‌زنی در آذرآواری نرم (مطالعه موردی)-2021
The paper highlights the potential drawback of mapping a single geophysical property for subsurface characterization in potential engineering sites. As an exemplary case study, we present the geophysical survey conducted along the surface projection of a tunnel in the quaternary volcanic terrain of the Main Ethiopia Rift. Initially, geoelectrical mapping involving 12 Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and a short Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) line, was carried out. The 1D geoelectric model indicates that the formation resistivity at tunnel zone varies from 50 to 500 Ω∙m. The corresponding value on 2D model, (>350 Ω∙m), is also compatible. Based on limited available geological information, the geoelectric horizon was attributed to weathered and variably saturated ignimbrite. Following unexpected encounter during excavation, refraction seismic and core drilling were carried out for additional insights. Tomographic analysis of the seismic arrival times revealed that below a depth of 45 m, (tunnel zone), the velocity substratum is marked by a range, (1200–1800 m/s). Such low velocity range is typical of unconsolidated materials and, thus, cannot rationalize the geoelectrical attribution (ignimbrite). In a joint interpretation, the likely formation that may justify the observed range of the electrical resistivity and low P-wave velocity appears to be unwelded pyroclastic deposit (volcanic ash). Eventually, core samples from the tunnel zone confirmed the presence of thick ash flow. However, the unexpected ground conditions encountered at the early phase, due to insufficient information derived from a single geophysical parameter, caused extra cost and considerable delay.
Keywords: Integrated approach | Refraction seismic | DC resistivity | Subsurface characterization | Main Ethiopian Rift (MER)
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Urban landfills investigation for leachate assessment using electrical resistivity imaging in Johor, Malaysia
بررسی محل های دفن زباله شهری برای ارزیابی شیرابه با استفاده از تصویربرداری مقاومت الکتریکی در جوهور، مالزی-2021
The use of the electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) approach has expanded dramatically in engineering applications over the years due to the efficiency of the technique in terms of time, expense, and data coverage. The assessment was carried out using ERI to assess the landfill leachate’s pollution level at Simpang Renggam, Johor, Malaysia. The ERI survey was carried out in the research region, utilizing the ABEM Terrameter LS 2 equipment using the Schlumberger electrode configuration. Besides, seven (7) parameters of leachate characterization such as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Suspended Solid (SS), Power of Hydrogen (pH), Ammonia Hydrogen (NH3-N), Turbidity and Biodegradability Ratio (BOD5/COD) were also performed to identify and evaluate the current leachate condition of the landfill. Furthermore, the study, which involves the measurement of the apparent resistivity of the subsurface materials were able to determine the existence of chemical pollutants in the soil at 1.5 m to 4.0 m depth, with special reference to the chemically apparent resistivity linked with the low resistivity anomalies of 1 – 10 Ωm. Based on the investigations conducted, the physiochemical and microbial analysis of the Simpang Renggam leachate site was found to be 1633 mg/L (Chemical Oxygen Demand), 137.41 mg/L (Biological Oxygen Demand), 359.8 mg/L (Suspended Solid), 7.61 (Power of Hydrogen), 385.29 (Ammonia Hydrogen), 117.65 (Turbidity) and 0.07 (Biodegradability Ratio) which shows that all of the parameter’s value exceeded the value as stated in the local standard which is Environmental Quality Act (1974) except for the pH value which is within the range value as stated in the standard. The leachate from dumps was thought to arise due to system failures in accepting and managing trash, which was exacerbated by the recent high rains. In hindsight, the ERI result was practical for identifying leachate and, therefore, can benefit the authorities in immediate action to halt the extensive water disturbance at the research region.
Keywords: Landfill Leachate | Electrical Resistivity Imaging | Leachate Characterization | Contaminants
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Lessons learned for collaborative approaches to management when faced with diverse stakeholder groups in a rebuilding fishery
درس‌های آموخته‌شده برای رویکردهای مشارکتی در مدیریت هنگام مواجهه با گروه‌های ذینفع مختلف در یک شیلات در حال بازسازی-2021
There is increasing demand within fisheries management for the adoption of management approaches that incorporate in-depth stakeholder participation, scientific uncertainty, multiple objectives, and characterizations of risk. One such approach—management strategy evaluation (MSE)—relies on participation with fishery in- terest groups to consolidate knowledge of the fishery system, define goals, and evaluate feasible management options. However, the focus of much of the literature on MSE emphasizes steps in implementation and its practical application, despite the fact that technical aspects of MSE have the potential to alienate participants without MSE experience. Using the Units 1 and 2 Canadian Atlantic redfish fishery as a case study, we here describe lessons learned from the MSE developed for this rebuilding fishery, focusing on four key challenges: identifying participants for MSE processes; clearly defining their roles; educating participants on the purpose, benefits, and scope of MSE; and mediating disagreements to acquire critical cooperation, inputs, and feedback from the different stakeholder groups within the MSE process.
keywords: ماهی قرمز آتلانتیک | مدیریت همکاری | مشارکت ذینفع | مدل سازی مشارکتی | تصمیم گیری | ارزیابی استراتژی مدیریت | Atlantic redfish | Collaborative management | Stakeholder engagement | Participatory modelling | Decision-making | Management strategy evaluation
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Electrical characterization of flexible hafnium oxide capacitors on deformable softening polymer substrate
خصوصیات الکتریکی خازن های اکسید هافنیوم انعطاف پذیر بر روی بستر پلیمری نرم کننده تغییر شکل پذیر-2021
In this work, we investigate the electrical performance and compatibility of low-temperature hafnium oxide (HfO2) thin-film capacitors on a novel softening polymer substrate. Metal-insulator-metal HfO2 capacitors were fabricated using HfO2 as the dielectric material, deposited at 100 ◦C by atomic layer deposition (ALD), and gold as the top and bottom contacts. The HfO2 capacitors were fabricated on silicon and on softening polymer substrates with a dielectric thickness of 50, 40, 30, and 20 nm. The electrical performance of the MIM capacitors was measured and compared to determine the quality and compatibility of the low-temperature HfO2 deposition with the silicon and polymer substrate. The dielectric constant varied from 12 to 17 as the HfO2 thickness increased from 20 to 50 nm. Moreover, the capacitance density and dielectric constant of the capacitors on the polymer substrate differed by 3.9% ± 2% and 3.4% ± 2% with respect to the silicon substrate. The polymer substrate devices also have a higher leakage current, which suggests a higher number of defects in the dielectric film relative to Si substrates. Finally, the devices on the polymer substrate were subjected to bending cycles (up to 105 cycles) with a 5 mm bending radius to evaluate the resilience of the HfO2 capacitors against mechanical stress. The results show that the fabrication of the HfO2 thin-film capacitors on the softening polymer substrate is achievable with high stability and mechanical resilience. Overall, this research could assist the production of flexible biomedical devices on softening polymer substrates.
Keywords: Hafnium oxide | Thin-film capacitors | Flexible electronics | Softening polymers
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Effects of scaling laws on the combustion and NO x characteristics of hydrogen burners
تأثیر قوانین مقیاس گذاری بر احتراق و خصوصیات NO x مشعل هیدروژن-2020
The effect of constant velocity and constant residence time scaling on the local nitric oxide (NO x ) emis- sions and flame characteristics of complex partial premixed hydrogen burners were investigated numer- ically and theoretically. A previously developed and validated computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model was employed to conduct in total 11 simulations at various burner scales ranging from a base case of 10 kW to an up-scaled burner design at 500 kW. The flame characteristics were investigated by means of a novel CFD based regime diagram and compared to Damköhler and Karlovitz numbers obtained from scaling theory. The flame is at laboratory scale mainly characterized by the thin reaction zone regime. Employing constant velocity scaling was predicted to overall decrease the Karlovitz number, which causes the combustion to appear partially in the corrugated flamelet regime and at scales exceeding 250 kW also in the wrinkled flamelet regime. Constant residence time scaling on the other hand leads overall to a combustion with constant Damköhler numbers. However, a constant Karlovitz number close to unity was observed for a significant part of the flame-sheet, which leads in this flame regions to a variable Damköhler number. Both investigated scaling principles lead to an increase of the overall NO x emissions, with constant velocity scaling resulting in the highest emissions. This is mainly attributed to the larger volumes and longer residence times of the flame and immediate post flame region compared to constant residence time scaling. The total NO x formation in the inner recirculation zone, on the other hand, is lower for constant velocity scaling and is found to be dominated by the local oxygen atom (O) and hy- droxyl (OH) concentration. Constant velocity scaling causes a breakup of the inner recirculation zone at the 500 kW scale, which leads to a fundamentally different flow field and causes the flame to impinge onto the combustion chamber wall, whereas constant residence time scaling maintains the inner recircu- lation zone at all investigated scales. The breakup of the recirculation zone is attributed to the different effect of the scaling principles on the velocity to length scale ratio and momentum of the annular jet flow.
Keywords: Scaling | NO x emission | Hydrogen | Partially premixed burner | Combustion regime diagram
مقاله انگلیسی
8 New kid on the block: An investigation of the physical, operational, personnel, and service characteristics of recovery community centers in the United States
بچه های جدید در اپارتمان : بررسی خصوصیات جسمی ، عملیاتی ، پرسنلی و خدماتی مراکز جامعه بهبودی در ایالات متحده-2020
Background: Professional treatment and non-professional mutual-help organizations (MHOs) play important roles in mitigating addiction relapse risk. More recently, a third tier of recovery support services has emerged that are neither treatment nor MHO that encompass an all-inclusive flexible approach combining professionals and volunteers. The most prominent of these is Recovery Community Centers (RCCs). RCCs goal is to provide an attractive central recovery hub facilitating the accrual of recovery capital by providing a variety of services (e.g., recovery coaching; medication assisted treatment [MAT] support, employment/educational linkages). Despite their growth, little is known formally about their structure and function. Greater knowledge would inform the field about their potential clinical and public health utility. Method: On-site visits (2015–2016) to RCCs across the northeastern U.S. (K = 32) with semi-structured interviews conducted with RCC directors and online surveys with staff assessing RCCs: physicality and locality; operations and budgets; leadership and staffing; membership; and services. Results: Physicality and locality: RCCs were mostly in urban/suburban locations (90%) with very good to excellent Walk Scores reflecting easy accessibility. Ratings of environmental quality indicated neighborhood/ grounds/buildings were moderate-good attractiveness and quality. Operations: RCCs had been operating for an average of 8.5 years (SD = 6.2; range 1–33 years) with budgets (mostly state-funded) ranging from $17,000–$760,000/year, serving anywhere from a dozen to more than two thousand visitors/month. Leadership and staffing: Center directors were mostly female (55%) with primary drug histories of alcohol (62%), cocaine (19%), or opioids (19%). Most, but not all, directors (90%) and staff (84%) were in recovery. Membership: A large proportion of RCC visitors were male (61%), White (72%), unemployed (50%), criminal-justice system-involved (43%) and reported opioids (35%) or alcohol (33%) as their primary substance. Roughly half were in their first year of recovery (49%), but about 20% had five or more years. Services: RCCs reported a range of services including social/recreational (100%), mutual-help (91%), recovery coaching (77%), and employment (83%) and education (63%) assistance. Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) support (43%) and overdose reversal training (57%) were less frequently offered, despite being rated as highly important by staff. Conclusions: RCCs are easily accessible, attractive, mostly state-funded, recovery support hubs providing an array of services to individuals in various recovery stages. They appear to play a valued role in facilitating the accrual of social, employment, housing, and other recovery capital. Research is needed to understand the relative lack of opioid-specific support and to determine their broader impact in initiating and sustaining remission and cost-effectiveness.
Keywords: Recovery community centers | Recovery | Addiction | Support services | Recovery coaching | Addiction | Substance use disorder
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Advancing characterisation with statistics from correlative electron diffraction and X-ray spectroscopy, in the scanning electron microscope
پیشبرد خصوصیات با آمار پراش الکترون همبستگی و طیف سنجی اشعه X ، در میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی-2020
The routine and unique determination of minor phases in microstructures is critical to materials science. In metallurgy alone, applications include alloy and process development and the understanding of degradation in service. We develop a correlative method, exploring superalloy microstructures which are examined in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) using simultaneous energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). This is performed at an appropriate length scale for characterisation of carbide phases’ shape, size, location, and distribution. EDS and EBSD data are generated using two different physical processes, but each provide a signature of the material interacting with the incoming electron beam. Recent advances in post-processing, driven by ‘big data’ approaches, include use of principal component analysis (PCA). Components are subsequently characterised to assign labels to a mapped region. To provide physically meaningful signals, the principal components may be rotated to control the distribution of variance. In this work, we develop this method further through a weighted PCA approach. We use the EDS and EBSD signals concurrently, thereby labelling each region using both EDS (chemistry) and EBSD (crystal structure) information. This provides a new method of amplifying signal-to-noise for very small phases in mapped regions, especially where the EDS or EBSD signal is not unique enough alone for classification.
Keywords: Principal component analysis | EBSD | EDS | microstructure | carbides | superalloy
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Identifying regionalized co-variate driving factors to assess spatial distributions of saturated soil hydraulic conductivity using multivariate and state-space analyses
شناسایی عوامل محرک متغیر منطقه ای برای ارزیابی توزیع مکانی هدایت هیدرولیکی خاک اشباع شده با استفاده از تجزیه و تحلیل چند متغیره فضای دولت-2020
Saturated soil hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) is a key factor in hydrological management projects and its variability along the landscape hinders its correct use in the formulation of such projects. Ksat varies under different climatic and hydrological conditions at spatial scales as reported in several studies. However, co-regionalization of Ksat remains a challenging aspect with regard to identifying supportive co-variates and suitable spatial models. The objectives of this study were to (i) identify factors that relate Ksat with soil and topographic attributes and land-use systems along a 15-km transect using principal component analysis, and (ii) describe the spatial continuum of Ksat across the transect through co-regionalization with autoregressive state-space models. The transect was established in the Fragata River Watershed (FRW), Southern Brazil. One hundred soil sampling points were distributed along the transect at equal distances (150 m). Clay and sand fractions, soil organic carbon content, soil bulk density, soil macroporosity, Ksat, and the soil water retention curve were determined for the 0–20 cm layer at each point. Topographic attributes were derived from the digital elevation model and a land-use map was derived from satellite images. The highest and lowest spatial variabilities were exhibited by Ksat and soil organic carbon content, respectively. Applying the state-space approach, spatial relationships among Ksat and soil and topographic attributes, and land-use systems along the transect, could be found. Principal component analysis used jointly with state-space showed that macroporosity could be used as a proxy to estimate the spatial variation of Ksat in the FRW watershed, assessing surface and subsurface runoff potentials at areas of different land-use. Further studies should be carried out to investigate the use of the type of land-use system as a soil structural predictor of the spatial variations of Ksat at the watershed scale since it is nowadays an “easy-to-measure” variable from satellite images.
Keywords: Ksat | Soil and topographic attributes | Spatial variability | Land-use system
مقاله انگلیسی
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