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نتیجه جستجو - دره خیابان

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 2
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Review of methods used to estimate the sky view factor in urban street canyons
مروری بر روشهای مورد استفاده برای تخمین عامل نمای آسمان در دره های خیابانی شهری-2020
The sky view factor (SVF) is the ratio of the visible sky area of a point in space to the total sky area. It provides the relationship between the visible sky area and covered surroundings, such as by buildings or street trees. The SVF has been widely used as a key parameter in urban climate research and urban planning practices. Significant research has taken place in the past decades on methods of calculating/estimating SVFs to improve their accuracy and efficiency. This review lists the methods used to calculate/estimate SVFs including geometric methods, fish-eye photographical method, Global Positioning System methods, simulation methods based on 3D city models or digital surface models, and big data approaches using street view images. We stress the principles, input data, application, accuracy and efficiency of each method. This review is meaningful for climatologists in solar radiation modeling and energy balance modeling fields, as well as for urban planners in the development of design guidelines to improve outdoor thermal comfort in the urban environment.
Keywords: Sky view factor | Urban street canyon | Aspect ratio | Street panoramic images | Urban planning
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Building shading affects the ecosystem service of urban green spaces: Carbon capture in street canyons
سایه اندازی ساختمان بر خدمات اکوسیستم فضاهای سبز شهری تأثیر می گذارد: جذب کربن در دره های خیابان-2020
The urban building environment has dramatically transited into a high-rise style. Consequently, street canyons have changed the daytime solar radiation distribution and indirectly affected the photosynthesis of the sur- rounding ecosystems. Because of the interdisciplinary nature of the topic, quantitative studies are rare. In this study, a new approach combining radiation simulation and in situ observations was proposed, aiming to provide support towards sustainable urban spatial planning and management. Taking the Central Business District (CBD) of Beijing as the research area, the range and intensity of the shading effect were assessed based on a Digital Surface Model (DSM) and Solar Radiation Analysis (SRA). The findings reveal the following: 1) The daytime carbon capture of green space was 33.14 ± 12.43 gCO2 m-2 d-1, which included 85.6%, 11.9%, and 2.5% from trees, shrubs, and grassland, respectively. 2) The Carbon Capture Index (CCI) of the arbor zone was approxi- mately two and five times that of shrubs and grassland, respectively. The sensitivity of carbon capture to the building height increased in the order shrubs < grassland < trees. To enhance current carbon capture, trees and shrubs should play a dominant role in urban greening planning. 3) When constructing enclosed buildings and planting inside, as well as to the north of high buildings in northern hemisphere cities, a setback line is strongly suggested according to the building height. 4) When the building height increased by 10% or by one floor, the carbon capture declined by 0.29 tCO2•km-2 d-1 or 0.40 tCO2•km-2 d-1, respectively. These results suggest that the modern urbanization process reduces the utilization efficiency of daytime solar energy and potentially impairs the ecological service of the urban green space.
Keywords: Carbon capture | Ecosystem service | Solar Radiation Analysis (SRA) | Digital Surface Model (DSM) | Building shading effect | Street canyon
مقاله انگلیسی
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