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نتیجه جستجو - دوکس

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 14
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 In defense of the one-factor doxastic account: A phenomenal account of delusions
در دفاع از حساب تک عاملی دوکساستیک: روایتی خارق العاده از توهمات-2021
According to the doxastic model, delusions are beliefs. In the metacognitive model, delusions are imaginings mistaken for beliefs. I argue that endorsement of false second-order beliefs could also create unpleasant dissonance, that mentally healthy people often endorse irrational or conflicting beliefs, and that the lack of delusion-motivated action can be explained by the influence of nonbelief factors on action. The two-factor doxastic model posits irrationality as necessary, and one metric of rationality many scholars employ is whether a response is easily understood by folk psychology. A precedent for folk-psychological acceptance of contextually bizarre beliefs as a result of personal experience can already be found in the lack of imaginative resistance encountered not in response to the impossibilities portrayed in speculative fiction, but in response to the characters’ ability to incorporate these occurrences into their mental frameworks, despite them often being at odds with these characters’ bedrock understanding of the world.
keywords: توهم | حساب Doxastic | مدل دو عامل | جنون جوانی | حساب کاربری فراشناختی | مدل یک عامل | Delusion | Doxastic account | Two-factor model | Schizophrenia | Metacognitive account | One-factor model
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Paradoxes and mysteries in virus-infected supply chains: Hidden bottlenecks, changing consumer behaviors, and other non-usual suspects
پارادوکس ها و رمز و رازها در زنجیره های تأمین آلوده به ویروس: گلوگاه های پنهان ، تغییر رفتار مصرف کننده و سایر مظنونان غیر معمول-2021
In the early onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S., consumers experienced surprising shortages of essential goods such as toilet paper, yeast and flour, and some of their favorite meat cuts that appeared to be unrelated to the pandemic at first look. The “usual” explanations attributing these shortages to “demand spikes” (e.g., foreign suppliers, trade wars and tariffs, and “hoarding behavior” of panicked consumers) often failed to explain them, and in the best of cases, predicted only temporary shortages. However, shortages in these supply chains ended up being in many cases real “supply chain struggles,” with their true causes going beyond the “usual” ones, and revealing a set of deeper and “unusual causes.” Our detailed analysis of the affected supply chains identifies these overlooked failure factors and hidden causes. Our underestimated causes include demand shifts among market segments, siloed demand planning, bottlenecks in shared resources such as transportation and distribution, and supply chain structures driven by the economics of an efficiency era that failed in a risk-fraught environment. We conclude on the profound lessons learned from the pandemic crisis on supply chains, and the implied challenges to address for building resilient supply chains for the future. The resilient supply chains of the future require rethinking the relevant “systems” we plan and optimize (e.g., firm, industry, region, global factor resources, etc.). The usual answer of building firm-specific redundancy of assets and operational flexibility might be prohibitive in the level of investment required for any one firm, or their financial stakeholders, to pursue and accept.
Keywords: supply chain | pandemic | essential goods | shortages
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Iron-wu¨stite revisited: A revised calibration accounting for variable stoichiometry and the effects of pressure
Iron-wu¨stite revisited: یک کالیبراسیون تجدید نظر شده برای استوکیومتری متغیر و اثرات فشار-2021
We present thermodynamic and empirical calculations for the iron-wustite (IW) buffer applicable from 100 kPa to 100 GPa and from 1000 to 3000 K. The thermodynamic calculation self-consistently accounts for changing stoichiometry of ironsaturated wu¨stite as a function of temperature and pressure. In contrast to some previous models for calculating IW at high pressure, the model incorporates a thermodynamically valid representation of the free energy of stoichiometric FeO at 100 kPa. Earlier high pressure models that relied on the JANAF thermochemical tables (Chase, 1998) were compromised because JANAF has erroneous values for the properties of FeO. This resulted in predicted oxygen fugacities buffered by IW that are between 0.2 and 1.1 log units too reducing at 3000 and 1000 K, respectively. The revised thermodynamic calculations indicate that iron-saturated wustite becomes more nearly stoichiometric with increasing pressure, but that this shift depends on temperature. Near-stoichiometric FeO (y < 0.01, for Fe1-yO) is reached close to 8 GPa at 1000 K and 17 GPa at 2000 K. An empirical function is presented that accurately reproduces the thermodynamic calculation and facilitates easy quantification of the fO2 of IW over the full range of temperatures and pressures covered by the model. Some caution is warranted in calculation of IW at high pressures, after FeO undergoes a transition from an insulator to a conductor and where low spin Fe2+ is stabilized, as the present model does not incorporate the effects of these transitions on the IW buffer.
Keywords: Iron | Wustite | Oxygen fugacity | Buffer | Redox
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Thinking like the state: Doxa and symbolic power in the accounting field in China
تفکر مانند دولت: DOXA و قدرت نمادین در زمینه حسابداری در چین-2021
Literature examining dynamics between the state and self-styled professional fields is well established and points towards the crucial interrelations between the two. However, this literature evinces an occidental orientation, largely privileging the notion of a state characterised by self-limiting, liberal ideology and that is captured by dominant interests. More recent work on Asia describes a different context within which to understand how the state influences both the structure of accounting fields and the behaviour of actors therein. We build upon this literature here by reporting the results of a detailed empirical study on the dynamics of the accounting field in China. Drawing on archival analysis and interviews with 63 regulators, state actors and accounting practitioners, we show that the state successfully exercises symbolic power in the implementation of state strategies. Conceptually, we argue that the state is a deep-rooted cultural phenomenon existing in the cognitive structures of key actors in the accounting field in China, thereby drawing attention to further reaching forms of state influence than have hitherto been recognised in extant literature on accounting fields. Specifically, we point towards the importance of doxa (Bourdieu, 1977, 1992, 2014), exemplified by the taken-for-granted principles of classification and ranking produced by the state, in the form of firms and individuals ‘thinking like the state’ as the basis of symbolic power in the accounting field in China. We also reflect on the limits of such power.
keywords: دولت | حسابداری | قدرت نمادین | دوکس | فیله حرفه ای | چین | The state | Accounting | Symbolic power | Doxa | Professional fields | China
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Prediction and management of solar energy to power electrochemical processes for the treatment of wastewater effluents
پیش بینی و مدیریت انرژی خورشیدی به قدرت فرآیندهای الکتروشیمیایی برای تصفیه پساب فاضلاب-2020
A highly versatile software tool able to predict and manage the solar power coming from photovoltaic panels and to assess the environmental remediation of wastewater effluents has been developed. The prediction software tool is made up of four modules. The first one predicts the solar radiation by a phenomenological model. Secondly, an energy optimization algorithm manages the solar power towards the third and fourth modules, an environmental remediation treatment (electrooxidation) and an energy storage system (redox flow battery), respectively. The software tool is aimed to the best solar power management to obtain the highest remediation treatment. Results shows a daily solar radiation prediction with a high accuracy, attaining correlation coefficients of 0.89. Furthermore, the prediction of the removal of an organochlorinated compound from a wastewater effluent at different time of the year was studied. Different percentages of the total solar power are sent directly to the electrooxidation reactor and to the redox flow battery. At non-solar production hours, the electrooxidation reactor is powered by the redox flow battery in order to exploit the total solar power produced. The results show that, the higher the solar radiation, the higher the power percentage that must be directly sent to the electrooxidation treatment in order to attain the best energy management and the higher remediation. Thus, an 82.5% of the total solar power must be sent to the electrooxidation treatment in summer days in contrast to the 25% that have to be powered in winter days to attain the highest removal of pollutant. Consequently, it is important to evaluate the connection between devices to get the best green energy management and the lower energy losses.
Keywords: Energy management | Solar power | Green sources | Electrolysis | Redox flow batteries | Forecasting
مقاله انگلیسی
6 The poverty of the comparative orthodoxy: Cultural criminology, perspectival realism and conceptual variation
فقر ارتدوکس تطبیقی: جرم شناسی فرهنگی، واقع گرایی دیدگاهی و تنوع مفهومی-2020
Comparative criminology has long struggled with the concept and object of culture while advances in culturally oriented criminologist have been ignored. Likewise, culturalisms have ignored attempts at comparison for transcending milieu and are mired by theoretical and methodological eclecticism. Comparative criminology will benefit from engaging with conceptualizations of culture found in culturalism works and culturally oriented criminologist will benefit from an expanded focus beyond localized contexts to reveal and grapple with greater varieties of (sub) cultural variation. After bringing a qualified cultural criminology to comparative criminology I draw on the philosophy of science known as perspectival realism to address some epistemological and methodological problems in each camp. I argue an interpretive comparative criminology focused in identifying and generating conceptual variation is better suited to understand and grapple with the political-cultural dramatizations that are indicated by the statistical data of interest to those wedded to the comparative, nomothetic orthodoxy.
Keywords: Comparative criminology | Cultural criminology | Perspectival realism | Conceptual variation | Objectivity | Relativism
مقاله انگلیسی
7 The paradox of border security – an example from the UK
پارادوکس امنیت مرزی - نمونه ای از انگلیس-2019
The study of borders has experienced a renaissance in various disciplines, but the concept of vernacular security in the field of borders and the politics that surround them has been neglected. This article uses a people approach and examines the perceptions and understandings of the UK civil society and ‘their’ state border. Using the example of the UK is particularly interesting because governments have invested high efforts into constructing a more stringent, efficient and secure UK border for decades. As consequence, the concept of border has gained a raised public profile in the UK, which questions security perceptions by members of the UK civil society and what the UK border means to them. Drawing on a variety of empirical data and employing critical discourse analysis, this article will show an ambiguous and paradoxical picture of the UK border instead of its usually assumed monolithic symbolism of security and protection. The article shows that there is a mismatch present in border politics: security is aimed at however insecurity is generated. This mismatch and confusion among members of the UK civil society have further political and societal consequences. Borders and bordering effectively insecuritize people by which, as the article argues, the concept of vernacular security moves tothe forefront of new theorizations of the relationship between borders, security and politics.
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Examining redox modulation pathways in the post-mortem frontal cortex in patients with bipolar disorder through data mining of microRNA expression datasets
بررسی مسیرهای مدولاسیون ردوکس پس از مرگ قشر فرونتال بیماران اختلال دو قطبی از طریق داده کاوی میکرو RNA مجموعه داده های بیان -2018
The etiology of redox (reduction and oxidation) alterations in bipolar disorder (BD) is largely unknown. To explore whether microRNAs targeting redox enzymes may have a role in BD, we examined 3 frontal cortex microRNA expression datasets (Perkins [2007], Vladimirov [2009], and Miller [2009]; N for BD = 30–36 per dataset, N for controls = 28–34 per dataset) from the Stanley Neuropathology Consortium. Each dataset was analyzed separately because they were generated using different high-throughput platforms. Following the se lection of only redox modulator-targeting microRNAs, microRNAs in the top 10th percentile in feature selection could together discriminate BD and controls at a greater frequency than expected by chance in classification analysis. In pathway enrichment analysis of all three datasets, these classifying microRNAs targeted the cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process pathway, which includes redox enzymes of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and the glutathione system. To see if this pathway would still emerge as significant if all microRNAs (not just redox-targeting) were analyzed, all analyses were repeated with the complete set of microRNAs. Cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process pathway was enriched in all 3 datasets in this analysis as well, demonstrating that preselection of redox microRNAs was not a requirement to identify this pathway for the discrimination of BD and controls. While preliminary, our findings suggest that microRNAs that target redox enzymes in this pathway may be good candidates for the exploration of causative factors con tributing to redox alterations in BD. Future studies validating these findings in a separate set of central and peripheral samples are warranted.
Keywords: Bipolar disorder ، microRNA ، Redox modulation ، Data mining ، Oxidative stress ، Mitochondria
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Organizational change and rigidity during crisis: A review of the paradox
تغییر سازمانی و استحکام در حین بحران: یک بررسی پارادوکس-2018
When and how do existential crises, threatening business continuity, stimulate organizational change or cause the oppositedrigid preservation of established business practices? This question remains unre solved, despite three decades of deliberations in the academic literature, which still yields contradicting theoretical arguments and empirical results. One view argues and finds support for the hypothesis that posits an amplified propensity to change within threatened organizations. The other view supports the threat-rigidity thesis, implying reinforcing habitual practices. In this paper, we provide a novel holistic typology of organizational crises and then review the literature on the topic, summarizing existing in sights within a theoretical framework comprising three interrelated sequential processes: organizational cognition, decision-making, and implementation. We analyze the gaps in the fields knowledge within each process and propose a research agenda to address these voids.
Keywords: Organizational crisis ، Organizational cognition ، Decision-making ، Decision implementation
مقاله انگلیسی
10 ارزیابی از متابولیسم بالینی دارویی برهمکنش دارو از داروی ضد مالاریای α/β- ارتریر و سولفادوکسین-پریمتامین
سال انتشار: 2017 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 26 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 25
ترکیب های درمانی داروی ضد مالاریا اکنون استفاده گسترده ای برای درمانی از مالاریای بدون عارضه است. هدف از مطالعه اخیر بررسی اثری از تزریق همزمان بین مولکولی ارتریر α/β (AE) و سولفادوکسین –پریمتامین خوراکی (SP) بر روی خواص فارموکوکنتیک از هر دارو به عنوان یک مطالعه برهمکنش دارو-دارو برای حمایت از توسعه درمان با دوز ثابت ترکیب ها است. یک ازمایش بالینی تک دوزی، باز، و متقاطع در مرد داوطلب هندی بزرگسال سالم (18-45 سال، n=13) اجرا شده است، دریافت تک دوز از AE, SP و دوزی ترکیبی از AE و SP انجام شد. نمونه خون به مدت 21 روز پس از تزریق جمع اوری شد و غلظتی از الفا- ارتریر، بتا- ارتریر، سولفادوکسین و پریمتامین به وسیله استفاده از روش اسپکتروسکوپی جرمی کروماتوگرافی مایع تایید شده تعیین شد. پارامترهای فارماکوکنتیک تعیین شده و انالیز اماری با محاسبه نسبت هندسی مهم و فاصله های مطمئن تجزیه و تحلیل شد. پس از یک بار مصرف دوز تزریق عضلانی از AE بین مولکولی و SP خوراکیف خواص فارماکوکنتیک از الفا-بتا ارتریر به طور قابل ملاحظه ای بر روی خواص فارماکوکنتیک از SP در گروه انتخابی از داوطلبان سالم تحت اثر قرار نگرفت. با وجود این، تحقیقات بیشتر در اینده دارای اهمیت است.
کلمات کلیدی: فارماکوکینتیک | مالاریا | درمان ترکیبی | α / β-arteether | الفادوکسیین | پیریمتیامین
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