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Extended exergy accounting for smelting and pressing of metals industry in China
حسابداری اگزرژی گسترده برای ذوب شدن و فشار دادن صنعت فلزات در چین-2021 Rapid expansion, relative shortage resources supply and environmental impact threat the sustainable develop-
ment of the smelting and pressing of metals sector. Fluxes of energy, materials, environmental remediation
expenses, labor, and capital were quantified by Joules based on the second-law thermodynamics during years
1992–2015. The accounting method that quantifies the component of the extended exergy fluxes and the pro-
portion in the total inputs was used to analyze this energy-intensive industry. Net per-capita exergy resource
input and labor production efficiency are described the conversion of natural resource exergy to economic output
and labor efficiency. The results showed the following: (1) the smelting and pressing of metals sector expands
rapidly; the ferrous metals industry accounts the large part of the overall metals industry and the nonferrous
metals industry grows faster than the ferrous metals industry. Natural resource exergy, especially energy exergy,
dominates the investments of the metals industry. (2) Capital exergy and labor exergy decrease in the smelting
and pressing of metals industry, while they increase in the nonferrous metals industry and decrease in the ferrous
metals industry. Environmental exergy declines in both the nonferrous metals and ferrous metals industries. (3)
The comparison of the nonferrous metals and ferrous metals industries with China as a whole, conducted by
applying the two indicators for efficiency, shows that the two industries are exceeding the whole country in
efficiency and have made great progress. In addition, the extended exergy analysis of smelting and pressing of
metals industry is helpful in the identification of resource consumption and environmental cost in sustainable
development view. keywords: اگزرژی گسترده | چین | ذوب و فشار دادن | صنعت فلزات | Extended exergy | China | The smelting and pressing | Metals industry |
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