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Are global cities sustainability champions? A double delinking analysis of environmental performance of urban agglomerations
آیا شهرهای جهانی قهرمان پایداری هستند؟ تجزیه و تحلیل چربی دو برابر از عملکرد محیطی از مساحت شهری-2020 Urban agglomerations – irrespective of their size or location – may act not only as engines of economic
growth, but also as vehicles of environmental and climate sustainability that may stimulate both socioeconomic
achievements and environmentally-benign outcomes. Clearly, the efficiency of these outcomes
may differ for different types of urban agglomeration in the world. This paper aims to present and test an
advanced methodology for assessing economic and sustainability-oriented performance strategies for
global cities, by developing and applying a super-efficient Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model.
We compare 40 global cities – included in the Global Power City Index (GPCI) database – in a benchmark
study in order to trace the highest-performing urban regions from both an economic and environmentalclimatological
efficiency perspective, by applying relevant quantitative GPCI indicators to these 40 cities.
Our ultimate goal is to test what is termed the ‘delinking’ hypothesis, from the viewpoint of both economic
prosperity and urban size externalities.
This approach will be applied empirically by examining the GPCI data set comprised of various multidimensional
and empirically verified indicators on economic performance and climatologicalenvironmental
conditions for the 40 global cities concerned. We regard both the size of these agglomerations
and their economic welfare position as critical parameters for assessing their economic and environmental
efficiency performance. In the framework of our original DEA approach, these urban areas are
categorised according to 2x2 dimensions, viz. in terms of both agglomeration size (big or medium-sized)
and the economic development level of the area (highly developed or developing/emerging). Our contribution
serves to assess – by means of regression techniques – the highest performing agglomerations
among the urban sustainability champions on the basis of the two above-mentioned assessment criteria.
This approach provides the opportunity to test the so-called Kuznets sustainability curve under two different
conditions, viz. agglomeration size and economic development. The study presents and interprets
the empirical findings for these four classes of global cities Keywords: Sustainability | Data Envelopment Analysis | Super-efficiency | Global Power City Index | Kuznets curve | Environmental externalities |
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