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نتیجه جستجو - زلزله

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 35
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 A graphics-based digital twin framework for computer vision-based post-earthquake structural inspection and evaluation using unmanned aerial vehicles
یک چارچوب دیجیتال دوقلوی مبتنی بر گرافیک برای بازرسی و ارزیابی ساختاری پس از زلزله مبتنی بر بینایی کامپیوتری با استفاده از وسایل نقلیه هوایی بدون سرنشین-2022
Rapid structural inspections and evaluations are critical after earthquakes. Computer vision-based methods have attracted the interest of researchers for their potential to be rapid, safe, and objective. To provide an end-to-end solution for computer vision-based post-earthquake inspection and evaluation of a specific as-built structure, the concepts of physics-based graphics model (PBGM) and digital twin (DT) are combined to develop a graphics-based digital twin (GBDT) framework. The GBDT framework comprises a finite element (FE) model and a computer graphics (CG) model whose state is informed by the FE analysis, representing the state of the structure before and after an earthquake. The CG model is first created making use of the FE model and the photographic survey of the structure, yielding the virtual counterpart of the as-built structure quickly and accurately. Then damage modelling approaches are proposed to predict the location and extent of structural and nonstructural damage under seismic loading, from which photographic representation of the predicted damage is realized in the CG model. The effectiveness of the GBDT framework is demonstrated using a five-story reinforced concrete benchmark building through the design and assessment of various UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) inspection trajectories for post-earthquake scenarios. The results demonstrate that the proposed GBDT framework has significant potential to enable rapid structural inspection and evaluation, ultimately leading to more efficient allocation of scarce resources in a post-earthquake setting.
keywords: بینایی کامپیوتر | مهندسی زلزله | دوقلو دیجیتال | ارزیابی پس از زلزله | دوقلو دیجیتال مبتنی بر گرافیک | مدل گرافیکی مبتنی بر فیزیک | Computer vision | Earthquake engineering | Digital twin | Post-earthquake assessment | Graphics-based digital twin | Physics-based graphics model
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Building structural analysis based Internet of Things network assisted earthquake detection
ساخت شبکه اینترنت اشیاء مبتنی بر تحلیل ساختاری برای کمک به تشخیص زلزله-2022
Analyzing the patterns of earthquakes and creating a system to detect them, can help to minimize loss of lives. Existing sensor based detection works failed to distinguish between earthquakes and other external vibrational noises that may be caused due to construction or other external sources. In the proposed work, to overcome this drawback, first in-depth structural analysis of shear walls is done to find a structurally suitable location to install the sensor in a building. Further, MPU6050 sensor is used to reduce the complexity and make the circuit less bulky. This sensor consists of an accelerometer which measures the change in acceleration and a gyroscope which records the shaking pattern of the ground. Since this shaking pattern is exhibited exclusively by an earthquake occurrence, the proposed model distinguishes between earthquake and other non-hazardous vibrations efficiently. With the considered model for machine learning algorithms, we were able to achieve 99.82% of accuracy, which is an important factor for earthquake detection.
keywords: زمين لرزه | لرزش | مجموعه داده | یادگیری ماشین | یادگیری عمیق | Earthquake | Tremor | Dataset | Machine learning | IoTMPU6050 | ArduinounoR3 | Deep learning
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Knowledge management and natural disaster preparedness: A systematic literature review and a case study of East Lombok, Indonesia
مدیریت دانش و آمادگی برای بلایای طبیعی: مروری بر ادبیات سیستماتیک و مطالعه موردی شرق لومبوک، اندونزی-2021
Disaster impacts can be significantly reduced with disaster preparedness. Knowledge management is one of the building blocks of disaster preparedness. This paper comprehends the current state of the literature on knowl- edge management in community preparedness towards natural disasters. The paper identifies and develops a categorization of community-related knowledge management in disaster preparedness using a systematic liter- ature review. Subsequently, the categorization is utilized in a case study to determine if community-related knowledge management in the preparedness phase can improve communities’ responses in the event of natu- ral disasters. The case study was conducted in the Lombok Island community of Indonesia, which experienced two major earthquakes in mid-2018 and early 2019. The results show that knowledge transfer and creation towards and among the Lombok community increased after the mid-2018 earthquake. Consequently, the com- munity was better able to respond to the early-2019 earthquake. Better disaster preparedness activity designs are crucial in attracting participation and motivating residents to be more prepared.
keywords: عملیات بشردوستانه | مرحله آمادگی | مدیریت دانش | فاجعه با شروع ناگهانی | زمین لرزه | Humanitarian operations | Preparedness phase | Knowledge management | Sudden-onset disaster | Earthquake
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Resilience learning and indigenous knowledge of earthquake risk in Indonesia
یادگیری تاب آوری و دانش بومی خطر زلزله در اندونزی-2021
In the context of earthquake risk, a vulnerability and resilience perspective has changed a purely technological orientation in facing natural hazards. One aspect of this change is the increasing awareness to include indige- nous, traditional knowledge, community-based action, and local practices as well as experience from historic events in earthquake hazard management. Various research has shown that indigenous knowledge has an important role in avoiding undesired impacts from hazards. The involvement of indigenous knowledge into hazard management has been accepted as a fruitful approach by many countries. In Indonesia, the indigenous response to natural hazards, especially towards earthquakes, is to adapt the house constructions according to the hazards from their surrounding living environment and these have been tested and proven for many centuries. But while such indigenous knowledge has existed for centuries, learning requires more than just remembering, it needs to be translated into new actions. This paper highlights connections between knowing and acting on di- sasters, as manifested in house construction, and how this resonates with the concept of resilience.
keywords: راه حل های مبتنی بر طبیعت | تمرین تاب آوری | مردم بومی | رویدادهای تاریخی | کاهش خطر بحران | Nature-based solutions | Resilience practice | Indigenous people | Historical events | Disaster risk reduction
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Learning from past earthquake disasters: The need for knowledge management system to enhance infrastructure resilience in Indonesia
یادگیری از بلایای زلزله گذشته: نیاز به سیستم مدیریت دانش برای افزایش انعطاف پذیری زیرساخت در اندونزی-2021
Indonesia lies at the region where Indo-Australian, Eurasian, Pacific and Philippines global tectonic plates meet. In the last 30 years, Indonesia has experienced catastrophic earthquake disasters, causing thousands of loss of life and major infrastructure damage. Since the 2004 devastating Sumatra-Andaman tsunamigenic earthquake, knowledge derived from various disaster experiences regarding infrastructure resilience have been improving. Yet disasters such as the recent 2018 Lombok and Palu earthquakes remain devastating. An investigation on how knowledge on past earthquakes have been managed and utilized to promote better resilient infrastructure in Indonesia is conducted. Lessons are extracted from 5 significant earthquakes causing major damage through compilation and analysis of scientific publications and reports on field surveys, works and existing policies. Factors that keep contributing to the failure of buildings and infrastructure include lack of understanding of local hazard situation, incompliance to seismic resistant codes and standards for buildings and infrastructure, prob- lematic soil condition, and collateral hazards such as tsunami, liquefaction, ground subsidence, landslides, rock avalanche which are adding to the complexity of the seismic hazard. The scarcity of information and knowledge on the performance on resilience of infrastructure during earthquakes in Indonesia limits knowledge-based de- cision making in the planning, development and operation of resilient infrastructure. This study calls for the development of a knowledge management system for earthquake resilient infrastructure in Indonesia, to save more lives and to reduce economic disruptions due to infrastructure damages, and thus contribute to the sus- tainable development goals achievement.
keywords: زیرساخت های انعطاف پذیر | سیستم مدیریت دانش | زمين لرزه | کاهش خطر | Resilient infrastructure | Knowledge management system | Earthquake | Risk reduction
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Nonlinear response spectrum analysis of structures equipped with nonlinear power law viscous dampers
تجزیه و تحلیل طیف پاسخ غیرخطی سازه های مجهز به میراگر چسبناک قانون غیرخطی-2020
Response spectrum analysis is recognized as a reliable and practical method for dynamic analysis of structures subjected to earthquake excitation. However, for structures equipped with nonlinear viscous dampers (NVDs), the classical linear response structural analysis cannot be applied due to the nonlinearity induced by such devices, typically in the form of a power law function of the velocity. In this paper, the nonlinear differential equation governing the dynamic response of a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system equipped with NVD is first converted into a set of surrogate linear differential equations using the perturbation technique. The first linear system (zero order) is excited by the real earthquake acceleration time-history, whereas the other SDOF surrogate systems are subjected to virtual excitations based on the velocity responses resulting from the previous linear equations (in a recursive fashion). By performing response spectrum analysis on each surrogate SDOF linear equation and combining the results, the nonlinear response spectrum is estimated. By using Fourier transform and simplifying the frequency-dependent functions, a convenient method is presented for practical design purposes. The proposed method lends itself to be readily adopted in international codes of practice by establishing an equivalent damping ratio. The proposed method, introduced for a SDOF system, is easily extended to multi-storey building structures equipped with different NVDs, and applied to a two-story and to two six-story building frames. The results obtained through the proposed method are in very good agreement with results obtained by nonlinear time-history analyses for a wide set of parameter combinations.
Keywords: Nonlinear response spectrum analysis | Nonlinear viscous damper | Earthquake engineering | Perturbation technique | Power law damping | Fourier transform | Seismic analysis | Response spectrum method
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Neural network-based seismic response prediction model for building structures using artificial earthquakes
مدل پیش بینی لرزه ای مبتنی بر شبکه عصبی برای سازه های ساختمان با استفاده از زلزله های مصنوعی-2020
In this paper, a new model for predicting seismic responses of buildings based on the correlation of ground motion (GM) and the structure is presented by simulating numerous artificial earthquakes (AEQs). In the model, neural network (NN) configurations representing the relationships between GM characteristics and seismic responses of a structure are developed to predict responses of the structure with only GM data measured by monitoring system in future seismic events. To extract the GM characteristics, multiple AEQs corresponding to the design response spectrum are generated based on probabilistic vibration theory, instead of using historical earthquakes. In the presented NN configurations, GM characteristics including mean and predominant period, significant duration, and peak ground acceleration are established as the input layer and the maximum interstory drift ratio and maximum displacement are established as the output layer. In addition, a new parameter called resonance area is proposed to represent the relationship between a GM and a target structure in the frequency domain and utilized in the NN input layer. By employing the new parameter, dynamic characteristics of the structure are considered in the response estimation of the model with related to GM. The model is applied to seismic response prediction for four multi-degrees-of-freedom (MDOF) structures with different natural periods using 2700 AEQs. The validities of the presented NN models are confirmed by investigating the performance of response prediction. The effectiveness of the resonance area parameter in the NN for predicting the seismic responses is assessed and discussed. Furthermore, the effects of the constitution of NNs and computational costs of those NNs on estimation were investigated. Finally, the presented model is employed for prediction of seismic responses for a structural model of a planar reinforced concrete building structure.
Keywords: Structural health monitoring | Seismic response prediction | Neural network | Artificial earthquake
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Earthquakes, fear of failure, and wellbeing: An insight from Minangkabau entrepreneurship
زلزله ، ترس از شکست و رفاه: بینشی از کارآفرینی مینانگ کابائو-2020
Earthquakes have become a constant threat in West Sumatra, Indonesia, with the most recent occurring in 2009.This phenomenon has been observed to be due to the inhabitation of people, predominantly the Minangkabau ethnic group in the “ring of fire,” which potentially causes the megathrust earthquakes and arguably shaped entrepreneurial behaviors. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the relationship between earthquake impact, preparedness for megathrust, fear of failure, Small Medium Enterprise (SME) financial performance, and entrepreneurs’ wellbeing. Furthermore, the fear of failure was regarded as a construct which significantly shaped the responses of entrepreneurs towards natural disasters. This investigation adopted a quantitative approach, using Smart PLS, to survey 120 small and medium enterprises affected by the 2009 West Sumatra’s earthquake. The results showed the post-earthquake impact was positively and significantly related to fear of failure while the relationships between fear of failure, financial performance, and well-being of SME were also established. Moreover, the context of Minangkabau as a completely Muslim society generated arguments regarding religiosity and organizational resilience. These factors were discovered to have influenced entrepreneurship towards making a significant contribution to the body of knowledge in disaster entrepreneurship studies.
Keywords: Earthquakes | Fear of failure | Entrepreneurs’ wellbeing | Preparedness of megathrust earthquakes | Disaster entrepreneurship | Organizational resilience
مقاله انگلیسی
9 ایزوله کردن ارتعاش با استفاده از سیستم محصورکننده سلولی سه بعدی: یک بررسی عددی
سال انتشار: 2019 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 15 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 38
این مقاله به بررسی عددی استفاده از سیستم‌های محصورکننده سلولی در ایزوله کردن ارتعاشات ناشی از ماشین آلات می‌پردازد. تحلیل عددی با استفاده از بسته تفاضل محدود فلک سه‌بعدی انجام شد. در درجه اول، مدل عددی با نتایج آزمایش‌های تشدید میدانی که بر روی بسترهای پی مسلح شده با و بدون سیستم‌های محصورکننده سلولی انجام شدند، معتبر شد. محصورکنندگی سلولی سه بعدی با استفاده از دو تکنیک به نام رویکرد کامپوزیت معادل ( ‏ECA) ‏و رویکرد شکل لانه زنبوری ( ‏HSA)‏ شبیه‌سازی شده‌ است. کارایی ایزوله سازی سلول محصورکننده برحسب کاهش دامنه جابجایی، سرعت اوج ذرات و بهبود در قابلیت ارتجاعی بستر پی تعیین شد. طبق نتایج، کاهش ۵۶ درصد در دامنه جابجایی در حضور مسلح-کننده ژئوسل مشاهده شد. به طور مشابه، 42 درصد تغییر فرکانس تشدید در مقایسه با شرایط غیرمسلح مشاهده شد. قابلیت ارتجاعی بستر پی تا ۱۰۲ درصد با گنجاندن ژئوسل بهبود یافت. علاوه بر این، مشاهده شد که مدل‌سازی ژئوسل از طریق رویکرد HSA، پیش‌بینی دقیق نتایج تجربی را ارائه می‌دهد. با کمک تکنیک HSA، اثر ناحیه محصور شده و ارتفاع ژئوسل در کاهش دامنه ارتعاش مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. علاوه بر این، مطالعه پارامتری برای بررسی تأثیر ویژگی‌های مختلف ژئوسل بر رفتار دینامیکی بستر پی مسلح شده انجام شد. نتایج مطالعه پارامتری نشان داد که مدول ژئوسل و زاویه اصطکاک رابط به طور مستقیم بر عملکرد بستر مسلح شده با ژئوسل تحت شرایط بارگذاری دینامیکی تأثیر می‌گذارند.
کلمات کلیدی: ارتعاشات | ژئوسل | ایزوله سازی ارتعاشات | آزمایش تشدید بلوک | فلک سه بعدی | خصوصیات دینامیکی
مقاله ترجمه شده
10 شاخص ارزش افزوده کاربردی پس از فاجعه در ساختمان های مدرسه
سال انتشار: 2018 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 8 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 20
ساختمان های مدرسه باید در برابر حوادث خطرناکی چون زمین لرزه مقاوم باشند تا کارکردهای مهم مدرسه تحت تاثیر قرار نگیرند. پس از فاجعه ، ارزش افزوده و عملکرد فعالیت های مدارس مهم است. مدارس اغلب به عنوان مراکز تخلیه استفاده می شوند. با آسیب دیدن مدارس، مأموریت آموزش پیوسته مختل خواهد شد. با توجه به تعداد ناکافی ساختارها در کشور برای تخلیه در طول حوادث ، در بعضی موارد مدارس به عنوان مراکز تخلیه مورد استفاده قرار گرفته اند، و باعث اختلال در فعالیت های مدرسه می شوند. برای اطمینان از آسیب پذیری ساختمان های مدرسه در زمان وقوع فاجعه ، باید ارزیابی ساختاری و ارتقاء مناسب انجام شود. با توجه به محدودیت های بودجه بیشتر مدارس، باید طرح اولویت بندی شناسایی ساختمان هایی که نیاز به توجه فوری دارند، طراحی شود. تشخیص بصری سریع آسیب پذیری های ساختاری در برابر خطرات زلزله انجام شد و سپس ساختمان ها برای بازرسی دقیق تر و ارتقاء مجدد رتبه بندی شدند. برای اصلاح غربالگری و رتبه بندی، ارزش دارایی کارکردی ساختمان ها به عنوان معیار دوم استفاده شد. ساختمان های مدرسه در سناریوی پس از حادثه، دارای دو ارزش مهم دارایی های عملکردی (a) ارزش عملکرد آموزشی و (b) ارزش عملکرد اضطراری هستند. تمرکز عملکرد آموزشی بر "یادگیری مداوم" است و شامل اجرای مداوم کلاس ها، حفظ اسناد مدرسه و اسناد برای استفاده در آینده و دسترسی به منابع اساسی و دسترسی به امکانات اساسی است. تمرکز عملکرد‏ اضطراری بر «حفاظت از زندگی» است و شامل موارد استفاده مدرسه مانند مرکز تخلیه، ذخیره سازی کالاهای امدادی و مرکز عملیاتی است. این مطالعه با هدف توسعه یک روش برای ارزیابی شاخص مربوط به دارایی عملکردی پس از فاجعه ساختمان مدرسه با استفاده از فرایند تحلیلی سلسله مراتبی (AHP) و نظرسنجی متخصصین انجام شد. علاوه بر این، با استفاده از غربالگری آسیب پذیری دو سطح به عنوان طرح اولویت بندی، تصمیم گیرندگان می توانند ساختمان هایی را که دارای خطر زمین لرزه ای بالا و ارزش افزوده عملکرد بالا هستند، تعیین کند. این روش در محوطه دانشگاه انجام شد.
کلید واژه ها: ارزش دارایی عملکردی پس از فاجعه | ارزش عملکردی شاخص آموزشی | ارزش عملکردی شاخص اضطراری | ارزیابی سریع بصری
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