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Oral Cancer
سرطان دهان-2020 Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), a distinct subtype of head and neck squamous
cell carcinoma, is typically human papillomavirus-negative and harbors TP53 loss-offunction
mutations.
OSCC is thought to begin with cancer initiating cells that are able to self-renew and
generate heterogeneous clones of neoplastic cells to comprise the tumor (ie, tumor
heterogeneity).
Carcinogenesis is a multistep process, which involves an accumulation of both genetic
and epigenetic alterations in oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes.
Metastasis is one of the major prognostic indicators in OSCC. Both epithelial-tomesenchymal
transition and interactions between OSCC cells and the tumor microenvironment
play significant roles in this complex process.
The integration of omics technologies, bioinformatics, and molecular biology uncovers
complex, clinically meaningful information that greatly improves our understanding of
the disease process. KEYWORDS : Oral cancer | Oral squamous cell carcinoma | Malignant transformation | Epigenetics | Omics technology | Big data | Personalized medicine | Precision medicine |
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