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Refinement of cerebellar network organization by extracellular signaling during development
پالایش سازمان شبکه مخچه با سیگنالینگ خارج سلولی در حین توسعه-2020 The cerebellum forms regular neural network structures consisting of a few major
types of neurons, such as Purkinje cells, granule cells, and molecular layer
interneurons, and receives two major inputs from climbing fibers and mossy fibers. Its
regular structures consist of three well-defined layers, with each type of neuron
designated to a specific location and forming specific synaptic connections. During the
first few weeks of postnatal development in rodents, the cerebellum goes through
dynamic changes via proliferation, migration, differentiation, synaptogenesis, and
maturation, to create such a network structure. The development of this organized
network structure presumably relies on the communication between developing
elements in the network, including not only individual neurons, but also their dendrites,
axons, and synapses. Therefore, it is reasonable that extracellular signaling via
synaptic transmission, secreted molecules, and cell adhesion molecules, plays
important roles in cerebellar network development. Although it is not yet clear as to
how overall cerebellar development is orchestrated, there is indeed accumulating lines
of evidence that extracellular signaling acts toward the development of individual
elements in the cerebellar networks. In this article, we introduce what we have learned
from many studies regarding the extracellular signaling required for cerebellar network
development, including our recent study suggesting the importance of unbiased
synaptic inputs from parallel fibers Keywords : synaptic inputs | extracellular signaling | Purkinje cells | cerebellar granule cells | molecular layer interneurons | climbing fibers |
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