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نتیجه جستجو - شهرت

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 42
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Reputational economies of scale
اقتصاد مقیاس معتبر-2020
For many years, most scholars have assumed that the strength of reputational incentives is positively correlated with firm size. Firms that sell more products or services were thought more likely to be trustworthy than those that sell less because larger firms have more to lose if consumers decide they have behaved badly. That assumption has been called into question by recent work that shows that, under the standard infinitely repeated game model of reputation, reputational economies of scale will occur only under special conditions, such as monopoly, because larger firms not only have more to lose from behaving badly, but also more to gain. This article shows that reputational economies of scale exist even when there is competition and without other special conditions, if the probability that low quality is detected is positively correlated with the quantity of the good or service sold. It also shows that reputational economies of scale exist, under some circumstances, in a finite-horizon model of reputation. Reputational economies of scale help explain why law and accounting firms can act as gatekeepers, why mass market products are more likely to be safe, why firms are less likely to exploit one-sided contracts than consumers, and why manufacturers market new products under the umbrella of established trademarks.
Keywords: Reputation | Repeat play | Trademark | Certification | Umbrella branding
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Authorial control of the Supreme Court: Chief Justice Roberts and the Obamacare surprise
کنترل مقامات دیوان عالی: رابرتز رئیس دادگستری و شگفتی اوباماکر-2020
This article models the interaction of key factors missed in most accounts of Supreme Court decision making – that is, the interaction of the rules of authorship (chief and senior justice authorship rights), authorship utility (in terms of justice reputation, and the chief justice’s legacy), and the constraint of legal doctrines. We model how (1) the chief justices and senior median justices compete for case authorship and have incentives to vote for policy outcomes they do not prefer in order to gain authorship control of the Court’s opinion (and the added reputation and legacy utility that comes with authorship), and (2) legal doctrines may enhance or restrict such behavior. We illustrate the model through a stylized account of the Supreme Court’s 2012 “Obamacare” decision where the deciding vote of Chief Justice Roberts to uphold Obamacare (along with his authorship of the opinion), and the dissenting vote of Justice Kennedy to repeal Obamacare, follow the implications of our model rather than the counter expectations of Supreme Court experts and commentators at the time. The model has implications for interpreting justice voting and authorship behavior and how the design of legal doctrines influence the justices’ votes and opinion authorship.
Keywords: Opinion writing | Supreme Court | Chief justice | Reputation and legacy | Obamacare decision
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Dead ringers? Legal persons and the deceased in European data protection law
زنگ های مرده؟ اشخاص حقوقی و متوفی در قانون حفاظت از داده های اروپا-2020
Notwithstanding suggestions that the concrete treatment of legal and deceased person data during European data protection’s development has been broadly comparable, this article finds that stark divergences are in fact apparent. Justification for the inclusion of both categories has rested on a claimed linkage to living natural person interests. However, despite early fusion, legal persons have been increasingly seen to have qualitatively different information entitlements compared to natural persons, thereby leaving European data protection with a very limited and indirect role here. In contrast, living natural persons and the deceased have not been conceived as normatively dichotomous and since the 1990s there has been growing interest both in establishing sui generis direct protection for deceased person data and also indirect inclusion through a link with living natural persons. Whilst the case for some indirect inclusion is overwhelming, a broad approach to the inter-relational nature of data risks further destabilizing the personal data concept even in relation to living persons alone. Given that jurisdictions representing almost half of the EEA’s population now provide some direct protection and the challenges of managing digital data on death continue to grow, the time may be ripe for a ‘soft’ recommendation on direct protection in this area. Drawing on existing law and scholarship, such a recommendation could seek to specify the role of both specific control rights and diffuse confidentiality obligations, the criteria for time-limits in each case and the need for a balance with other rights and interests which recognises the significantly decreasing interest in protection over time.
Keywords: Companies | Confidentiality | Personal data | Privacy | Testamentary interests | Reputation
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Enhancing measures of ESE to incorporate aspects of place: Personal reputation and place-based social legitimacy
اقدامات پیشرفته ESE برای ترکیب جنبه های مکان: شهرت شخصی و مشروعیت اجتماعی مبتنی بر مکان-2020
We argue that existing measures of entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) are underspecified in the context of tight-knit communities, where personal reputation plays a major role. We propose a new place-based ESE dimension that measures assessment by individuals of their ability to elicit respect from their community. This integral ESE component points to the very meaning of entrepreneurship in highly relational contexts. Although our enhanced ESE measure incorporates some influences of place, other aspects, such as geographical context, continue to moderate the relationship between ESE and entrepreneurial aptitude. We conclude with a discussion of the relevance and utility of this enhanced measure. Executive summary: Scholars have invested considerable energy in understanding the motivations and practices of high-growth entrepreneurs and urban ecosystems, where business interactions tend to be impersonal and transactional. Most entrepreneurial measures assess either individual characteristics or place-based characteristics. Rural areas or developing regions, where entrepreneurs may be the best hope for revitalization (Sarasvathy, 2008), operate according to cultural principles that are different from those of “high-performance” entrepreneurial ecosystems, and they remain understudied. We argue that in such resource-constrained, tight-knit communities, some important factors in the creation of a venture will jointly depend on place and individual—measuring the fitness of individuals in their community. In such environments, the belief of individuals in their ability to gain a positive reputation within their local community to advance their new enterprise is among the decisive factors for the venture creation process. We develop a measure of such beliefs.
Keywords: Entrepreneurial self-efficacy | Place-based entrepreneurship | Urban/rural divide | Relational context | Community respect
مقاله انگلیسی
5 تعداد مورنیاز برای توئیت کردن: شبکه های اجتماعی و تاثیر آن روی علم جراحی
سال انتشار: 2019 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 4 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 12
پزشکان جراح با استفاده از فیسبوک، توئیتر، لینکدین و اینستاگرام هم برای اهداف فردی و هم اهداف حرفه ای وارد شبکه های اجتماعی می شوند. در یک عصر دسترسی جهانی به هرچیز، خطر سرریز شدن اطلاعات وجود دارد و بنابراین نیاز به مقابله و همیاری داریم. هشتگ ها به صورت ویروسی تاثیر عظیم اجتماعی داشته اند مثلا" هشتگ #ILookLikeASurgeon. SoMe تبدیل به یک ابزاری برای برقراری ارتباط، به اشتراک گذاری و راهنمایی و آموزش شده است. این یک ابزاری برای آموزش نسل بعدی جراحان می باشد. برای محققان و مجلات، این سوال باقی مانده است که آیا ورودی مورد نیاز برای وارد شدن به بستر SoMe با یک بهره مشابه در خروجی، مثل شهرت و درمعرض دید قرار گرفتن جبران می شود یا خیر. اطلاعات خلاصه شده در چکیده های بصری می تواند به انتشار نتایج مطالعه برای طیف گسترده ای از مخاطبان کمک کند اما تاثیر یک هشتگ #visualabstract می تواند خاص و تخصصی باشد. درحال حاضر، اطلاعات و دانش اندکی درباره "تعداد موردنیاز برای توئیت کردن" به منظور اثرگذاشتن روی مواردی مثل دانلودها، ارجاع دهی ها و نهایتا" ضریب تاثیر وجود دارد.
مقاله ترجمه شده
6 An efficient privacy-preserving protocol for database-driven cognitive radio networks
یک پروتکل موثر برای حفظ حریم خصوصی برای شبکه های رادیویی شناختی محور از پایگاه داده-2019
Cognitive radio is regarded as a promising technology for remedying spectrum shortage and improving spectrum utilization. However, database-driven cognitive radio networks (CRNs) are vulnerable to a series of security attacks and privacy threats, especially the privacy breach of secondary users (SUs). In this paper, we propose an efficient privacy-preserving protocol to protect the identity and trajectory privacy of each SU and to prevent the database (DB) from tracing any SU. Besides, this paper also aims at improving the efficiency of authentication and channel allocation to offer the best connectivity to SUs wherever they are and at any time. Taking advantage of the elliptic curve cryptography technique, our protocol achieves the mutual authentication between SUs and base stations (BSs), which enhances the security of CRNs communication. Based on channel pre-allocation to BSs, our protocol reduces the latency of obtaining available channels for SUs. Moreover, our protocol exploits reputation to motivate SUs to be honest and thus increases the utilization of the limited spectrum resources. The results of security analysis show that our protocol provides strong privacy preservation for SUs that the DB cannot get the entire trajectory of any SU, even the DB colludes with all BSs. Furthermore, the results also show that the proposed protocol can resist various types of attacks. The results of performance evaluation indicate the efficiency of the proposed privacy-preserving protocol.
Keywords: Cognitive radio networks | Privacy-preserving | Authentication | Elliptic curve cryptography | Reputation
مقاله انگلیسی
7 رابطه بین اعتبار، برندینگ کارفرما و مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت
سال انتشار: 2018 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 9 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 25
مدیریت اعتبار مستلزم هماهنگی بین فهم داخلی و انتظارات خارجی است (کورنلیسن، 2011). تمرکز این پژوهش بر انتظارات خارجی کارکنان بالقوه بود. هدف اصلی این مطالعه، کمک به درک اعتبار (شهرت) شرکت ها و ارتباط آن با برابری مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت و برند های کارفرما است. تمام این سه مفهوم در میان 550 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد کالج مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. واحدهای تجزیه و تحلیل، بیست سازمان برتر ملی بودند که بر اساس یک مطالعه جذابیت کارفرمایان رتبه بندی شده است. نتایج نشان می دهد که دانش جویان شهرت خوب را به آن دسته از سازمان هایی اختصاص داده اند که با مسئولیت اجتماعی و با نام تجاری کارفرمای خوب درک شده اند. اعتبار، حداقل بر اساس نتایج ما، به نظر می رسد یک مفهوم چتری است که شامل هم مسئولیت اجتماعی درک شده و هم برند های درک شده کارآفرین است. سازمان هایی که راهبردهای ، سیاست ها و شیوه های مختلف مربوط به رفتار اجتماعی و مسئولیت پذیری ارتقا می دهند و برند های کارفرمایی را ارتقا می دهند ، سطح بالایی از اعتبار درک شده در میان دانشجویان دارند. علاوه بر این، ادراکات و موقعیت دانشجویان در فهرست کارآفرینان جذاب نا متناقض و ثابت است.
کلمات کلیدی: برندهای کارفرما | مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکتی درک شده | شهرت و اعتبار
مقاله ترجمه شده
8 A better last-minute hotel deal via app? Cross-channel price disparities between HotelTonight and OTAs
یک رزرو هتل دقیقه آخری بهتر از طریق برنامه های کاربردی: ناهمخوانی های بین کانالی بین قیمت هرشب هتل و OTA ها-2018
To better understand hotels cross-channel pricing mechanisms, this study aims to investigate various factors behind price discounts (as a type of price disparity) from a popular last-minute hotel deal app, HotelTonight, compared to major online travel agency (OTA) websites. Using pricing data collected from the HotelTonight app and OTA websites in six U.S. cities, we estimate several regression models to examine price discounts. The results reveal that after controlling for other variables, price discounts are largely shaped by online reputation metrics (i.e., relative review valence and volume on TripAdvisor compared to on HotelTonight), complimentary access to services with high marginal variable costs, and uncertainty in the room type offered. However, hotels’ market power does not explain price discounts. Lastly, implications are discussed.
keywords: Last-minute deal |Price disparity |Online reputation |Hotel |Tonight
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Founder attachment style and its effects on socioemotional wealth objectives and HR system design
شیوه الصاق بنیانگذار و تاثیرات آن روی اهداف ارزش اجتماعی - احساسی و طراحی سیستم منابع انسانی-2018
In this paper, we draw on attachment theory from the family science literature to develop theoretical propositions that explain variability in one of the most distinguishing features of family firms – its socioemotional wealth (SEW) preservation objectives. Three different attachment styles of founders (avoidant, anxious, secure) are argued to have an imprinting effect on the family firm regarding the relative emphasis that is placed on the preservation of a particular SEW objective (maintenance of control, dynastic perpetuation, reputation) and in turn the HR strategy it chooses to enact (compliance, commitment, collaborative). Avoidant founders are shown to emphasize control as an SEW goal leading them to choose a compliance HR strategy, while anxious founders emphasize dynastic perpetuation that fits well with a commitment HR strategy. Lastly, secure founders are shown to place a priority on reputation, which a collaborative HR strategy helps to reinforce. Contingencies for these relationships are discussed as well as the implications of our model for theory, practice and research.
keywords: Attachment style |Organizational imprinting |Family business |Socio-emotional wealth preservation |Control, dynastic succession and reputation and image |Social and economic exchange |Compliance, commitment and collaborative |HR principles, strategies and practices
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Awareness, determinants and value of reputation risk management: Empirical evidence from the banking and insurance industry
آگاهی، عوامل تعیین کننده و ارزش مدیریت خطر شهرت: شواهد تجربی از بانکداری و صنعت بیمه-2018
The aim of this paper is to empirically study reputation risk management in the US and European banking and insurance industry, which has become increasingly important in recent years. We first use a text mining approach and find that the awareness of reputation risk (management) as reflected in annual reports has increased during the last ten years and that it has gained in importance relative to other risks. Furthermore, we provide the first empirical study of the determinants and value of reputation risk management. Our results show that larger firms, as well as firms that are located in Europe and have a higher awareness of their reputation, are significantly more likely to implement a reputation risk management program. Finally, we obtain initial indications of the value-relevance of reputation risk management.
keywords: Reputation risk management |Reputation risk |Corporate reputation |Text mining
مقاله انگلیسی
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