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1 |
Dynamically linking economic models to ecological condition for coastal zone management: Application to sustainable tourism planning
مدل سازی اقتصادی به طور پویا به شرایط اکولوژیکی مدیریت زون ساحلی: کاربرد برنامه ریزی گردشگری پایدار-2017 While the development of the tourism industry can bring economic benefits to an area, it is important to
consider the long-run impact of the industry on a given location. Particularly when the tourism industry
relies upon a certain ecological state, those weighing different development options need to consider the
long-run impacts of increased tourist numbers upon measures of ecological condition. This paper pre
sents one approach for linking a model of recreational visitor behavior with an ecological model that
estimates the impact of the increased visitors upon the environment. Two simulations were run for the
model using initial parameters available from survey data and water quality data for beach locations in
Croatia. Results suggest that the resilience of a given tourist location to the changes brought by increasing
tourism numbers is important in determining its long-run sustainability. Further work should investigate
additional model components, including the tourism industry, refinement of the relationships assumed
by the model, and application of the proposed model in additional areas.
Keywords: Ecological condition | Tourism | Beach recreation | Resilience | Carrying capacity | Sustainable tourism |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
The economic revenues and the emergy costs of cruise tourism
درآمد اقتصادی و هزینه های پیش رو گردشگری کروز-2017 Emergy analysis was applied to three municipalities (Portofino, Santa Margherita Ligure and Rapallo) of
the Liguria Region coast, where tourism and cruise tourism are thriving. The results were compared with
traditional economic indices. The territorial assessment of the municipalities was analysed by comparing
the environmental costs with the economic benefits, focusing on tourism and cruise tourism. Similarities
and differences among the case studies emerged. The three economies resulted as being driven by the
tertiary sector, but consequences from the different development strategies came to light. Portofino has
developed an elite type of tourism with greater attention devoted to the environment. This is mirrored by
a sort of safeguarding of tourism and natural resources and by the detriment of the productive sectors
success, on the contrary, in Rapallo. Santa Margherita lies in a boundary condition. The cruise tourism
sector was analysed in these contexts. The ecological and economic impacts of the cruise sector were
revealed to be significant only in Portofino, being less than 1% in Rapallo and Santa Margherita Ligure.
The load imposed on the local environment by cruise ship tourism was calculated, and Portofino showed
a limited condition, while Santa Margherita Ligure and Rapallo exceeded the local carrying capacity. This
is due to the different management approaches pursued: only in Portofino is the territory more able to
absorb the impact, although the limit is currently reached. As a consequence it appears to be evident that
such phenomena as cruise tourism, albeit economically promising in the short term, should be managed
with a long-term perspective, integrating them into the local context and setting up strategies for impact
reduction or mitigation.
Keywords: Emergy analysis | Carrying capacity | Ligurian Sea | Tigullio Gulf | Willingness to pay | PES |
مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
Management priorities and carrying capacity at a high-use beach from tourists perspectives: A way towards sustainable beach tourism
اولویت های مدیریت و ظرفیت حمل و نقل در یک ساحل با مصرف بالا از دیدگاه گردشگران: راه برای گردشگری ساحلی پایدار-2016 The growth of beach tourism has increased the need for acceptable, practical and sustainable policies.
Overcrowding, sand loss, habitat destruction, littering, water pollution, among others problems, are commonly
documented arising from booming beach activities. The objective of this paper was to identify management
priorities and estimate carrying capacity of a high-use beach from tourists’ perspectives. In this way, managers
can make informed decisions, leading to enhanced beach quality. Specific procedures to fulfill this objective
were progressively established to identify potential actions that address the concerns facing the beach
environment. A body of data was collected by means of questionnaires. Results showed that beach cleanliness,
safety, information provision, sediment and habitat management, and overcrowding were considered important
by tourists, reflecting the areas of priority for actions. If a policy is set to avoid tourists overcrowding, the
carrying capacity limit was estimated to be 680 people at one time and 2040 people on a daily basis. In this
scenario, a tourist enjoys on average 22.06 square meters of the beach space. Results from focus group
discussion suggest a list of potential actions targeting these management priorities. This helps to build a
participative policy approach to sustainable beach development. Finally, taking special care in putting the
management priorities into practice was discussed to facilitate beach management.
Keywords: Sustainable beach tourism | Management priorities | Carrying capacity |
مقاله انگلیسی |