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نتیجه جستجو - فرانسه

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 39
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 The myth of workforce reduction efficiency: The performativity of accounting language
اسطوره کاهش بهره وری نیروی کار: عملکرد زبان حسابداری-2021
This paper draws on Austin’s conceptualization of performativity to show how the accounting strategies implemented before a workforce reduction can contribute to performing the myth of workforce reduction efficiency. To address this issue, we use both quantitative and qualitative methods. First, through quantitative analyses on a sample of 117 workforce reductions announced by 101 French listed firms from 2007 to 2012, we shed light how, by not taking accounting strategies into account in their models, prior mainstream studies may have conveyed false knowledge about improved performances after the operation and performed the workforce reduction efficiency supported by economic theories. Second, through a case study, we provide an in-depth illustration of the performativity effect of these accounting strategies and more precisely of downward earnings management, which can be considered a calculation act that contributes to performing the myth of the efficiency of these operations. Overall, this paper contributes to the workforce reduction literature by providing a critical illustration of how accounting numbers construct efficiency through the performative role given to earnings management. It also con- tributes to the critical accounting project by notably participating in the debate on the use of quantitative and mixed research methodologies in the critical accounting project.
keywords: کاهش نیروی کار | حسابداری انتقادی | مدیریت درآمد | افتخار | زبان حسابداری | Workforce reductions | Critical accounting | Earnings management | Performativity | Accounting language
مقاله انگلیسی
2 A methodological design framework for hydrogen and methane supply chain with special focus on Power-to-Gas systems: application to Occitania region, France
یک چارچوب طراحی روش برای زنجیره تأمین هیدروژن و متان با تمرکز ویژه بر روی سیستم های نیرو به گاز: کاربرد در منطقه اوکسیتانیا ، فرانسه-2021
This work presents a methodological design framework for Hydrogen and Methane Supply Chains (HMSC). An innovative approach is to focus on Power-to-Hydrogen (PtH) and Power-to-Methane (PtM) concepts, and their interactions with other technologies, and energy carriers (i.e., Steam Methane Reforming – SMR, and natural gas). The overall objective of this work is to perform single objective and multi-objective optimizations for HMSC design to provide effective support for deployment scenarios. The methodological framework developed is based on a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) approach with augmented ε-constraint implemented in the GAMS environment according to a multi-period approach (2035-2050). Several available energy sources (wind, PV, hydro, national power grid, and natural gas) for hydrogen production through electrolysis and SMR are included. Carbon dioxide sources stem mainly from methanization and gasification processes, which are used to produce methane through methanation. The objective to be minimised in the single optimization approach is the total annual cost considering the externality of greenhouse gas emissions through the carbon price for the whole HMSC over the entire period studied. The multi-objective optimization includes as objectives the total annual cost, greenhouse gas emissions, and the total methane production from methanation. The Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), and the greenhouse gas emissions for each energy carrier are also computed. The results show that renewable hydrogen from PtG can be competitive with SMR through the implementation of carbon prices below 0.27 €/kgCO2. In the case of synthetic methane, the available resources can meet the demand through PtG, and even if synthetic methane for natural gas network injection is thus far from competitive with natural gas, power-to-gas technologies have the potential to decarbonize the fossil economy and achieve a circular economy through CO2 recovery.
KEYWORDS: Power-to-Gas | Methanation | Hydrogen | MILP | supply chain | optimization
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Civil unrest, emergency powers, and spillover effects: A mixed methods analysis of the 2005 French riots
ناآرامی های غیرنظامی ، قدرت اضطراری و گسترش تأثیرات : تجزیه و تحلیل روش های مختلط از شورش های فرانسه در 2005-2020
From early to mid-November 2005, many French urban suburbs experienced riots. In the affected areas the government declared a state of emergency which gave the police ex- trajudicial powers. It remained in place until January. I investigate whether the riots gen- erated criminal spillovers, whether the emergency powers deterred criminal activity, and whether the police used those powers opportunistically to bust crime unrelated to the riots. I supplement linear regressions with a non-parametric bounded-variation assump- tions framework combined with a synthetic control approach, and interviews I conducted with two of the events’ key actors. Criminals did not take advantage of the riots to com- mit more crimes requiring planning. However, the riots triggered a surge of violent thefts. The state of emergency did not result in a decrease in delinquency. Several clues sug- gest a strategy of appeasement. Meanwhile, some serious crimes increased immediately after the riots ended, suggesting an emboldening effect. Evidence of police opportunism is scant.
Keywords: Riots | Opportunism | Crime | Police | Emergency powers | Bounded variation assumptions
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Mental health and the criminal justice system in France: a narrative review
سلامت روان و سیستم عدالت کیفری در فرانسه: مروری بر روایت -2020
The treatment of people diagnosed with mental disorders who committed crimes differ greatly in countries around the world because of the long histories of criminal justice and psychiatry specific to each country. As a result, it is often difficult to grasp the specificities of each system. The main objective of this paper is to provide a narrative review of the interactions between the French mental health and judicial systems. Subsequently, we will discuss how the concept of forensic psychiatry does not yet exist in France and how it can be applied.
Keywords : Mental health | jail | prison | criminal law | France | forensic | psychiatry
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Justifying the logic of regulatory post-crisis decision-making – The case of the French structural banking reform
توجیه منطق تصمیم گیری نظارتی پس از بحران - مورد اصلاح ساختار بانکی ساختاری فرانسه-2019
Relying on the theories of institutional logics (Friedland and Alford) and French pragmatist sociology (Boltanski and Thévenot), this study aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamics of the regulatory rule-making processes in the aftermath of the financial crisis. It focuses on a national post-crisis financial market reform, namely the French structural banking reform of 2013, which is characterized by a remarkable discrepancy between the ambitious announcements that accompanied the reform and its actual impact on banks’ structure. By analysing the justifications put forward by policy-makers in support of their decisions on the amendments to the bill, this paper investigates how policy-makers succeeded in maintaining and defending the historically dominant logic (i.e., market) in a situation of controversy by actively mobilizing different orders of worth. Complex mechanisms of reconciliation between orders of worth are revealed. In particular, the study identifies the strategy of symbolization of the competing order as a means of supporting the dominating logic in the context of a national post-crisis financial market reform. The technique of balancing different measures with diverging impacts on the banking sector enables the policy-makers to refer to a (symbolic) equilibrium solution, which shields their actions against criticism and helps them to achieve legitimacy
Keywords: Banking regulation | Institutional logics | Orders of worth | Justification
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Focusing on internal stakeholders to enable the implementation of organizational change towards corporate entrepreneurship: A case study from France
تمرکز روی ذینفعان داخلی برای اجرای تغییرات سازمانی به سمت کارآفرینی شرکتها: مطالعه موردی از فرانسه-2019
Although previous studies have highlighted the importance of implementing corporate entrepreneurship to foster innovation within organizations, little emphasis has been placed on examining the concept from a change management perspective. In an attempt to bridge this gap, the current study aims at understanding the mechanisms and tools that top managers can use in order to involve internal stakeholders in driving a change process to adopt a corporate entrepreneurship strategy. The paper discusses the findings that emerged from an exploratory study carried out within “Poult”, a French biscuit manufacturer, which has embarked on an organization- wide effort to instil a culture of corporate entrepreneurship. The findings are examined in the context of stakeholder theory and Kotters (1996) change model with a focus on the importance of internal marketing strategy during the change process. The contribution of managerial and organizational mechanisms towards fostering corporate entrepreneurship are highlighted.
Keywords: Corporate entrepreneurship | Change process | Internal stakeholders | Internal marketing | Innovation | France
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) in the context of an international stopover destination: Perceptions of Dubai in France and Australia
نشان تجاری مبتنی بر مشتری در زمینه یک مقصد بین المللی بین راهی: برداشت ها از دوبی در فرانسه و استرالیا-2018
There has been limited published research examining travellers’ perceptions of international stopover destinations. This manuscript reports the modelling of consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) for Dubai, the first CBBE study to do so in the context of a stopover destination. Dubai has emerged relatively recently as a stopover destination option during long haul travel between UK/Europe and Australia/South Pacific, to rival traditional destinations such as Hong Kong and Singapore. The CBBE model was tested using survey data from samples of consumers in two geographically distant markets; France (n = 365) and Australia (n = 403). The findings suggest destination brand awareness, destination brand image and destination brand value are positively related to attitudinal destination loyalty. However, destination brand quality was not positively associated with loyalty. As a relatively new stopover destination for long haul travellers, Dubai is perceived more positively by previous visitors than those who have never visited the destination.
keywords: CBBE; Stopover| Destination marketing| Destination branding| Destination image| Dubai| Long haul
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Managing bite risk for divers in the context of shark feeding ecotourism: A case study from French Polynesia (Eastern Pacific)
مدیریت کردن خطر نیش زدگی برای غواصان در زمینه گردشگری بومی کوسه ماهی: یک مطالعه موردی از پولینسیای فرانسه (آرام شرقی)-2018
Shark-based ecotourism has been recently expanding around the world. Provisioning sharks, however, is not without risk and accidental bites on humans are regularly reported. Such events may jeopardise the shark ecotourism industry and local economies. Through a case study from French Polynesia, I investigated whether changes in feeding practices of lemon sharks between the early 1990s and 2013 are related to recent accidental bites of divers. Hand-feeding, ‘smelling’ and surface feeding facilitated the development of agonistic behaviour in sharks, which resulted in accidental bites. The level of interaction between sharks and humans appears to be the most important driver for analysing bite-risk. This paper presents the very first framework for risk-analysis and will allow managers to better manage the risk associated with current practices in shark-feeding around the world. The paper also provides technical guidelines for the design of adequate legal frameworks that will support any sustainable shark feeding operation.
keywords: Ecotourism management |Diving tourists safety |Provisioning and smelling |Agonistic behaviour |Sicklefin lemon shark |Negaprion acutidens
مقاله انگلیسی
9 The impact of leverage on accrual-based earnings management: The case of listed French firms
تاثیر اهرم بر مدیریت درآمد مبتنی بر تعهد: مورد شرکت های ذکر شده در فرانسه-2018
The primary aim of this study is to examine the impact of leverage increases on accrual-based earnings management practices for a sample of French firms indexed in CAC All-Tradable during a period from 2006 to 2012. We use panel data to calculate discretionary accruals and to em pirically analyze the effect of firm leverage on the opportunistic behavior of managers. Consistent with debt covenants hypothesis, we find that firm leverage has a positive effect on earnings management for French firms. The empirical results show that leverage increases provide in centives for managers to manipulate earnings.
Keywords: Leverage ، Earnings management ، Discretionary accruals ، Panel data ، Opportunistic behavior
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Knowledge-oriented leadership and open innovation: Role of knowledge management capability in France-based multinationals
رهبری دانش محور و نوآوری باز: نقش قابلیت مدیریت دانش در شرکت های چند ملیتی مستقر در فرانسه-2018
This paper discusses the links between knowledge-oriented leadership, open innovation and knowledge man agement in the international business context. Open innovation has become crucial for an increasing number of multinational enterprises (MNEs) to gain and maintain competitive advantage and become a market leader. Despite the recent proliferation of papers dealing with open innovation practices of MNEs, there is limited work investigating the role of knowledge management (KM) capability on the relationship between knowledge-or iented leadership and open innovation. Given MNEs’ growing interest in open innovation, the lack of research on knowledge-oriented leadership and KM capability in the open innovation context is a significant research gap in our knowledge. In response, we conducted a study on the mediating role of KM capability in the linkage between knowledge-oriented leadership and open innovation (inbound and outbound), using data collected from 172 subsidiaries of MNEs based in France. A structural equation modelling approach is employed to study the impact of the latent variables associated with knowledge-oriented leadership and KM capability on open innovation. The results indicate that higher levels of knowledge-oriented leadership can lead to enhanced KM capability and improved open innovation outcomes. That is, knowledge-oriented leadership has a direct, positive impact on KM capability and open innovation. Also, KM capability is found to mediate the linkage between knowledge-oriented leadership and open innovation. This study provides useful insights for managers who wish to enhance open innovation activities in MNEs, and offers useful guidance to international business scholars, encouraging further research in this area.
Keywords: Open innovation ، Knowledge management capability ، Knowledge-oriented leadership ، Structural equation modeling ، Multinational companies
مقاله انگلیسی
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