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نتیجه جستجو - مطالعه کوهورت

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 4
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Biometric indicators can be early signs of declines in activities of daily living functioning among the Indonesian elderly
شاخص های بیومتریک می توانند نشانه های اولیه کاهش فعالیت های روزانه در افراد مسن اندونزی باشند-2021
Background: Signs associated with the onset of disability can be useful in disability projection and have significant implications in elderly care policy. Objective: To explored the associations between biometric screening indicators and declines in activities of daily life (ADLs) functioning among the Indonesian elderly.
Methods: This is a prospective longitudinal cohort study. The Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 4 conducted in 2007e2008, and IFLS 5 conducted in 2014e2015 were used to assess the association be- tween biometric indicators and ADLs at baseline and follow-up.
Results: Findings revealed that 22.3% of participants surveyed in 2007e2014 had become disabled in terms of ADLs. Anemia status, stage 2 hypertension, lung capacity, and a longer sit-to-stand time were associated with ADLs.
Conclusion: These findings are important to help early detection and potentially help the prevention of ADLs in elderly people in the future. Accuracy of disability estimation could possibly be improved if including biometric parameters.© 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Biometric screening | Activities of daily living (ADLs) | Cohort study | Elderly | Indonesia
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Exploring health literacy and self-management after kidney transplantation: A prospective cohort study
بررسی سواد بهداشتی و خود مدیریت پس از پیوند کلیه: یک مطالعه کوهورت آینده نگر-2021
Objective: Investigate the influence of health literacy and self-management on complications, kidney function and graft failure after kidney transplantation. Methods: We included patients who received a kidney transplant between May 2012 and May 2013 and monitored outcomes until December 2018. Health literacy was measured using the Newest Vital Sign and self-management using the Partner in Health scale (before discharge, and after 6 and 12 months). Subscales are aftercare & knowledge, coping, recognition and management of symptoms, healthy lifestyle. Complications were categorized as rejection, viral infections, and bacterial infections. Kidney function was measured using eGFR and graft survival using days until failure. Results: We included 154 patients. Higher health literacy at baseline and at 12 months was related to more viral infections (p = 0.02; p < 0.01). Lower ‘coping’ at baseline was related to more bacterial infections (p = 0.02). Higher ‘after-care and knowledge’ at 6 months (p < 0.01), and ‘recognition and management of symptoms’ at 6 months were associated with lower graft failure (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Health literacy did not influence kidney transplant related outcomes. Higher knowledge and management of symptoms were related to lower graft failure. Practice implications: Self-management support is a key focus for health care providers in the multi- disciplinary team. © 2021 Published by Elsevier B.V.
keywords: سواد بهداشتی | عوامل روان شناختی | پیوند کلیه، عوارض | خود مراقبتی | بقای پیوند | مرحله پایانی بیماری کلیوی | Health literacy | Psychosocial factors | Renal transplantation, complications | Self-care | Graft survival | End-stage renal disease
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Medical research, Big Data and the need for privacy by design
تحقیقات پزشکی، داده های بزرگ و نیاز به حریم خصوصی توسط طراحی-2019
Medical research data is sensitive personal data that needs to be protected from unauthorized access and unintentional disclosure. In a research setting, sharing of (big) data within the scientific community is necessary in order to make progress and maximize scientific benefits derived from valuable and costly data. At the same time, convincingly protecting the privacy of people (patients) participating in medical research is a prerequisite for maintaining trust and willingness to share. In this commentary, we will address this issue and the pitfalls involved in the context of the PEP project1 that provides the infrastructure for the Personalized Parkinson’s Project,2 a large cohort study on Parkinson’s disease from Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), in cooperation with Verily life Sciences, an Alphabet subsidiary.
Keywords:Big Data | GDPR compliance | informed consent | medical cohort study | polymorphic encryption | privacy by design
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Comparison of the effectiveness of brand-name and generic antipsychotic drugs for treating patients with schizophrenia in Taiwan
مقایسه اثربخشی نام تجاری داروهای ضد روان پریشی عمومی برای درمان بیماران مبتلا به اسکیزوفرنی در تایوان-2017
The purpose of this nationwide population-based study is to compare the long-term effectiveness of brand-name antipsychotics with generic antipsychotics for treating schizophrenia. We identified patients with schizophrenia who were prescribed antipsychotics from a random sample of one million records from Taiwans National Health Insurance database, observed between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2012. Only those with no prior use of antipsychotics for at least 180 days were included. We selected patients who were prescribed brand-name ris peridone (N = 404), generic risperidone (N = 145), brand-name sulpiride (N = 334), or generic sulpiride (N = 991). The effectiveness of the treatments researched in this study consisted of average daily doses, rates of treatment discontinuation, augmentation therapy, and psychiatric hospitalization. We found that compared to patients treated with generic risperidone, those treated with brand-name risperidone required lower daily doses (2.14 mg vs. 2.61 mg). However, the two groups demonstrated similar rates of treatment discontinuation, augmentation, and psychiatric hospitalization. On the other hand, in comparison with patients prescribed generic sulpiride, those treated with brand-name sulpiride not only required lower daily doses (302.72 mg vs. 340.71 mg) but also had lower psychiatric admission rates (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.24, 95% confidence interval: 0.10–0.56). In conclusion, for both risperidone and sulpiride, higher daily doses of the respective generic drugs were prescribed than with brand-name drugs in clinical settings. Furthermore, the brand-name sulpiride is more effective at preventing patients from hospitalization than generic sulpiride. These findings can serve as an important reference for clinical practices and healthcare economics for treating schizophrenic patients.
Keywords: Brand-name | Generic | Antipsychotics | Psychosis | Effectiveness | Cohort study
مقاله انگلیسی
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