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نتیجه جستجو - ملیت

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 80
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Green supply chain management and clean technology innovation: An empirical analysis of multinational enterprises in China
مدیریت زنجیره تامین سبز و نوآوری در فناوری پاک: تجزیه و تحلیل تجربی شرکت های چند ملیتی در چین-2021
This study identifies the impact of green supply chain management (GSCM) on clean technology innovation (CTI) by enterprises in China as well as compares the effects of forward and backward GSCM and the differences by industry and home country. The effect of CTI on GSCM is tested by 501 samples of mostly multinational enterprises in China from 2014 to 2016. The results indicate that CTI benefits from GSCM, which remains robust to a series of sensitivity test. And different management directions show great differences, where the backward GSCM has a stronger promotion effect on CTI than the forward GSCM. Moreover, light polluting industries and capital-intensive industries have stronger incentives to adopt GSCM than heavy-polluting industries and labour intensive industries. And domestic companies perform better than foreign companies.
Keywords: Green supply chain | Clean technology innovation | Supply chain management direction | Multinational enterprises
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding prediabetes among general practitioners in Reunion Island
دانش، نگرش و عملکرد در مورد پیش دیابت در میان پزشکان عمومی در جزیره Reunion-2021
Background: General practitioners (GPs) are among the first health care providers to be involved in prediabetes care, and their actions can prevent patients’ transition from prediabetes to diabetes. However, data on knowledge and management of prediabetes in primary care remain scarce. Aim: To describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices of GPs towards prediabetes. Design and setting: This descriptive cross-sectional study included all private GPs working in Reunion Island.
Method: GPs were sent an electronic questionnaire that specifically sought to establish whether GPs knew the definition of prediabetes and whether their practices were in line with French guidelines for prediabetes screening and management.
Results: A total of 121 GPs completed the questionnaire. Of these, 95.0% knew the definition of impaired fasting glucose, but only 66.1% knew that of impaired glucose tolerance. Many GPs reported practices that are not recommended in guidelines. Thus, 59% of respondents declared that they monitored prediabetes with HbA1c and 10% said that they prescribed oral anti-diabetic drugs as prediabetes treatment. The risks factors associated with prediabetes were generally well known. Although 59.5% of respondents reported not having enough time to provide therapeutic education and medical follow up, only 19% referred their patients to a nutritionist or dietician. Lastly, 93.4% of respondents favoured the implementation of a local therapeutic education program targeting prediabetic individuals.
Conclusion: Prediabetes management in primary care can be made more effective by improving GPs’ knowledge of prediabetes and official guidelines, facilitating referral of prediabetic patients to lifestyle specialists and implementing local therapeutic education programs.
keywords: Prediabetes | Primary Health Care | Secondary Prevention | Health Knowledge | Attitudes | Practice | Diabetes Mellitus.
مقاله انگلیسی
3 From exports to value added to income: Accounting for bilateral income transfers
از صادرات به ارزش افزوده به درآمد: حسابداری برای انتقال درآمد دوجانبه-2021
The existence of multinational firms and the rise of global value chains raise the question how international trade contributes to a countrys income. Ownership relations between, for example, headquarters and subsidiaries result in international income transfers. These transfers are ignored in standard trade data. Taking them into account in a global input-output analysis allows us to assess how much income is generated in one country due to the consumption of final products in another country. This provides a new perspective compared to the concept of value-added exports introduced by Johnson and Noguera (2012). For the US, we find that the income generated by foreign consumption is 51% higher than the value added in the US that is generated by foreign consumption. Similar findings hold for other countries as well, but to a lesser extent. The implication is that the current account deficit of the US almost disappears from the income perspective.
keywords: تجارت بین الملل | شرکت های چند ملیتی | درآمد ناخالص ملی | تجارت ارزش افزوده | تراز تجاری | International trade | Multinational firms | Gross national income | Value-added trade | Trade balance
مقاله انگلیسی
4 R&D internationalization in medium-sized firms: The moderating role of knowledge management in enhancing innovation performances
بین‌المللی‌سازی تحقیق و توسعه در شرکت‌های متوسط: نقش تعدیل‌کننده مدیریت دانش در افزایش عملکرد نوآوری-2021
The aim of this paper is to analyze the relationship between SMEs’ R&D internationalization and their innovation outcomes. Most studies on the topic focused on large multinational companies (MNCs), leaving several gaps in the literature with regard to SMEs. Using data from 106 Italian SMEs we performed an OLS regression analysis to test and find evidence of a positive linear relationship between SME’s R&D internationalization and innovation performance. In addition, we found that this relationship is positively moderated by knowledge management (KM) orientation. Main contributions are directed to the empirical test of the aforementioned relationships in a specific under developed research area, i.e. non-high tech SMEs, thus highlighting the positive effect of foreign acquisition of diverse cross-cultural knowledge on innovation. Moreover, KM orientation has been found to amplify this effect in the context of SMEs, due to a better management and integration of key internal and external knowledge.
keywords: R&D internationalization | Innovation performance | SMEs | Knowledge management
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Student nurses knowledge about the management of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia: Multi-national survey
دانش پرستاران دانشجویی در مورد مدیریت نوتروپنی ناشی از شیمی درمانی: مرور چند ملیتی-2021
Background: Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia is a serious global health concern. It is essential that student nurses who are the future of healthcare are equipped with the right knowledge to care for the unique needs of patients with neutropenia.
Objective: The study assesses student nurses’ knowledge of neutropenia management and examines the difference in their knowledge with regard to their demographics. Design: A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used. Settings: Participants for this survey were recruited from four nursing schools from three countries: Jordan, Oman, and Saudi Arabia.
Participants: The study sample comprised 230 student nurses representing all three countries. Methods: Online data collection was implemented. A message including the link to the study questionnaire was sent to students through their university portal. Demographic data and the neutropenia knowledge questionnaire were collected.
Results: The student nurses showed poor knowledge of neutropenia and its management (mean = 10.1 out of 30). The bridging students (M = 12.6, SD = 9.8) had significantly higher mean total knowledge scores than the regular students (M = 9.8, SD = 5.5) (t = 2.9, df = 38.9, p = 0.006). However, students who had received previous education about neutropenia management (M = 11.6, SD = 5.0) had significantly higher mean knowledge scores than those who had not (M = 9.5, SD = 5.6) (t = − 2.73, df = 134.8, p = 0.007).
Conclusions: The study findings underscore the overarching necessity to improve students’ knowledge of neutropenia and its management. However, addressing this concern is multifaceted and requires deliberate effort from various agencies. Developing innovative strategies to increase the coverage of oncology nursing in the curriculum, improving faculty expertise, enhancing staff nurses’ knowledge and skills, provision of funding, and adoption of oncology-related competencies in the nursing program need to be explored as key solutions.
keywords: دانش | نوتروپنی | نوتروپنی ناشی از شیمی درمانی | دانش آموزان: پرستاری | پرستاری انکولوژی | نئوپلاسم | Knowledge | Neutropenia | Chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia | Students: nursing | Oncology nursing | Neoplasm
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Multinational corporation finance and accounting: An empirical transaction cost economics analysis
مالی و حسابداری شرکت های چند ملیتی: یک تحلیل تجربی اقتصاد هزینه معامله-2021
This study analyses the economic drivers that affect multinational corporations (MNCs) leading them to offshore source their finance and accounting (FA) activities, leveraging on transaction costs economics. Analyses revealed that talent and technology influence insourcing and implied a trade-off between costs of setting up own establishment and value of control. MNCs’ aspirations in offshoring FA activities deviate from solely seeking costs effectiveness or in acquiring FA professionals. These high specificity companies are seeking the availability of resources in terms of technology advancement and talent that could be trained with specific knowledge of the companies.
Keywords: Finance and accounting | Offshore outsourcing | Offshore insourcing | Transaction cost economics | Talent | MNCs
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Accounting, Ideological and Political Work and Chinese multinational operations: A neo-Gramscian perspective
حسابداری، کار ایدئولوژیک و سیاسی و عملیات چند ملیتی چینی: چشم انداز نئو گرامشی-2021
This paper critically analyses the role of accounting in China’s new phase of politically driven economic reforms, which is the international expansion of Chinese enterprises. In particular, the paper examines how China’s multinational state-owned enterprise (SOE) and its managers conceive of, and use, accounting and control practices in response to the state’s international political and economic objectives. Drawing upon neo-Gramscian concepts of hegemony, this study contends that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has sought to create and maintain its hegemony by turning its political ideologies into initiatives of ‘‘economic development”, articulated through intensive ideological and political work exercised from the national to the organisational level. The study highlights the role of SOE managers in accommodating accounting and control practices in line with the state’s hegemonic and ideological demands. Crucially, it reveals the ability of managers to coordinate and balance the state’s political ends and the enterprise’s economic interests, where there is a selective use of accounting and control practices deployed for reasons beyond their economic functionality. This paper argues that it is necessary to include the superstructure and economic base of the Chinese state in a hegemonic analysis, and to investigate how the managerial cadre engages with ideology building at the organisational level. By focusing on the Chinese state’s new political dynamism regarding the expansion of multinational business operations, this paper provides new insights into the complexity of the motivations underlying the use of accounting and control practices in a globalised context.
keywords: شیوه های حسابداری و کنترل | کار ایدئولوژیک و سیاسی | شرکت های چند ملیتی چینی | هژمونی | علم ایدئولوژی | Accounting and control practices | Ideological and political work | Chinese multinationals | Hegemony | Ideology
مقاله انگلیسی
8 The effects of subsidiary?s leadership and entrepreneurship on international marketing knowledge transfer and new product development
تأثیرات رهبری فرعی و کارآفرینی در انتقال دانش بین المللی بازاریابی و توسعه محصول جدید-2021
This study investigates the role of a strong subsidiary leadership and entrepreneurial culture in the promotion of marketing knowledge inflows. We further examine their consequences on the subsidiary’s ability to develop new products when moderated by the tacitness of knowledge. The data were collected from 202 Portuguese sub- sidiaries of multinational corporations and were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modelling to test the hypotheses. The results indicate that subsidiaries’ strong leadership support and entre- preneurial culture are fundamental mechanisms that foster marketing knowledge inflows from both the head- quarters and peer subsidiaries. Moreover, marketing knowledge inflows enhance the focal subsidiary’s innovation abilities. We also find that tacit knowledge exerts contradictory moderating effects on the transfers of marketing knowledge, carrying distinct implications for a subsidiary’s knowledge management. The results expand our understanding of the effectiveness of transferring marketing knowledge among multinational cor- porations’ (MNCs) subsidiaries.
keywords: دانش بازاریابی | شرکت تابعه | رهبری | کارآفرینی | تنگی | توسعه محصول جدید | Marketing knowledge | Subsidiary | Leadership | Entrepreneurship | Tacitness | New product development
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Enterprise social network for knowledge sharing in MNCs: Examining the role of knowledge contributors and knowledge seekers for cross-country collaboration
شبکه اجتماعی شرکت اجتماعی برای به اشتراک گذاری دانش در MNCS: بررسی نقش مشارکتکنندگان دانش و دانش آموزان دانش برای همکاری متقابل کشور-2021
Online social networking within a large enterprise, known as enterprise social networking (ESN), is a critical requirement for social relationships and business-related informal discussions among its employees. ESN is important for multinational companies (MNCs) where employees work in different time zones in geographically dispersed locations in multiple continents. The MNCs use the ESN for their knowledge management and transfer activities among different subsidiaries in different countries or continents as a part of their strategic internationalization initiatives. ESN is developed by MNCs using enterprise social software for business or commercial knowledge management purposes and cross-country collaborations among their subsidiaries. ESN helps cross-country collaboration in MNCs to organize their internal communication (across different countries) and business discussions in an international environment. ESN is used mainly by two groups of employees in the MNCs: knowledge contributors and knowledge seekers. Both groups are essential for overall knowledge management strategy for creation, dissemination, and con- sumption of knowledge across countries. In this context, the purpose of this study is to examine the role of knowledge contributors and knowledge seekers in the MNCs using ESN for cross- country collaboration.
keywords: شبکه اجتماعی شرکت | مشارکت کنندگان دانش | دانش آموزان | mncs | همکاری متقابل کشور | Enterprise social network | Knowledge contributors | Knowledge seekers | MNCs | Cross-country collaboration
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Genetic distance, international experience and the performance of cross-border R&D for EMNEs
فاصله ژنتیک، تجربه بین المللی و عملکرد تحقیق و توسعه مرزی برای Emnes-2021
Cross-border R&D can contribute to the enhancement of independent innovation capabilities of emerging markets multinational enterprises (EMNEs) by benefiting from knowledge manage- ment. However, scant research exists examining the location impact of cross-border R&D for EMNEs on performance implications. This paper fills this important theoretical gap by building upon the literature of genetic distance in connection with knowledge management. We use a panel data of Chinese high-tech listed companies to empirically examine the impact of genetic distance on the performance of cross-border R&D and the role played by international experience. Our results reveal a positive relationship between genetic distance and the performance of cross- border R&D. Importantly, we highlight the motivation for cross-border R&D of EMNEs to acquire technical knowledge magnifies the positive effects of genetic distance and performance. Furthermore, our analysis indicates that international experience significantly enhanced the positive effect of genetic distance on cross-border R&D performance. We conclude this paper by discussing theoretical contributions to genetic distance, international management and knowl- edge management, as well as practical implications for cross-border R&D of EMNEs.
keywords: تحقیق و توسعه مرزی | فاصله ژنتیکی | تجربه بین المللی | قابلیت نوآوری | مدیریت دانش | Cross-border R&D | Genetic distance | International experience | Innovation capability | Knowledge management
مقاله انگلیسی
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