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Restoration of calcareous grasslands: The early successional stage promotes biodiversity
ترمیم مراتع آهکی: مرحله اول موفقیت باعث تنوع زیستی می شود-2020 Land-use change has been identified as the most important factor responsible for the recent loss of biodiversity.
One major problem is the abandonment of management, especially in semi-natural grassland ecosystems.
Numerous restoration projects were, therefore, launched to counteract this development. However, the effects of
restoration are not yet fully understood. Especially the early successional stage, i.e. the composition of the
vegetation in the first years after the restoration measures, has received little attention probably due to its
supposedly low conservation value.
As study area, we selected the largest area of calcareous grasslands at the northern edge of the German
uplands. About 35 ha of formerly abandoned calcareous grasslands have been restored by cutting shrubs here in
the last eight years. Within the restored sites, 50 randomly chosen vegetation surveys were made and the results
were compared to 50 control plots.
Our study revealed that the value of the early successional stage for biodiversity conservation was previously
underestimated. Even though the target state – calcareous grassland – is far from being reached, the early
successional stage enhances the conservation value of calcareous grasslands by (i) increasing diversity at the
landscape scale, (ii) hosting numerous target species as well as (iii) contributing to a higher habitat quality and
heterogeneity.
Future restoration of calcareous grasslands should focus on sites with low nutrient content of the soil, a
shallow topsoil, and a warm microclimate. At such sites, the chances are greatest that species with a high nature
conservation value, i.e. characteristic species of calcareous grasslands as well as thermophilous fringe and
ruderal species, will re-establish. Keywords: Habitat quality | Heterogeneity | Host plant | Pollen source | Ruderal vegetation | Species richness |
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