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Plasmonic Waveguides: Enhancing quantum electrodynamic phenomena at nanoscale
موجبرهای پلاسمونیک: افزایش پدیده های الکترودینامیکی کوانتومی در مقیاس نانو-2022 The emerging field of plasmonics may lead to enhanced light–matter interactions at extremely nanoscale regions. Plasmonic (metallic) devices promise to effi- ciently control classical and quantum properties of light.
Plasmonic waveguides are usually employed to excite confined electromagnetic modes at nanoscale that can strongly
interact with matter. Analysis shows that nanowaveguides
share similarities with their low-frequency microwave counterparts. In this article, we review ways to study plasmonic
nanostructures coupled to quantum optical emitters from a
classical electromagnetic perspective. Quantum emitters are
mainly used to generate single-photon quantum light that
can be employed as a quantum bit, or “qubit,” in envisioned
quantum information technologies. We demonstrate different
ways to enhance a diverse range of quantum electrodynamic
phenomena based on plasmonic configurations by using the
Green’s function formalism, a classical dyadic tensor. More
specifically, spontaneous emission and superradiance are
analyzed through Green’s function-based field quantization.
The exciting new field of quantum plasmonics could lead to
a plethora of novel optical devices for communications and
computing applications in the quantum realm, such as efficient single-photon sources, quantum sensors, and compact
on-chip nanophotonic circuits.
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مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
Random Telegraph Noise of a 28-nm Cryogenic MOSFET in the Coulomb Blockade Regime
نویز تصادفی تلگراف یک ماسفت برودتی 28 نانومتری در رژیم بلوک کولن-2022 We observe rich phenomena of two-level random telegraph noise (RTN) from a commercial bulk 28-nm
p-MOSFET (PMOS) near threshold at 14 K, where a Coulomb
blockade (CB) hump arises from a quantum dot (QD) formed
in the channel. Minimum RTN is observed at the CB hump
where the high-current RTN level dramatically switches to
the low-current level. The gate-voltage dependence of the
RTN amplitude and power spectral density match well with
the transconductance from the DC transfer curve in the CB
hump region. Our work unequivocally captures these QD
transport signatures in both current and noise, revealing
quantum confinement effects in commercial short-channel
PMOS even at 14 K, over 100 times higher than the typical dilution refrigerator temperatures of QD experiments
(<100 mK). We envision that our reported RTN characteristics rooted from the QD and a defect trap would be
more prominent for smaller technology nodes, where the
quantum effect should be carefully examined in cryogenic
CMOS circuit designs.
Index Terms: 28-nm CMOS | cryogenic CMOS | random telegraph noise | quantum dot | Coulomb blockade. |
مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
Nanoinfiltration behavior of carbon nanotube based nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical and electrical properties
رفتار نانوفیلتراسیون نانوکامپوزیت های مبتنی بر نانولوله کربنی با خواص مکانیکی و الکتریکی بهبود یافته-2021 In this work, carbon nanotube (CNT) based nanocomposites with high mass fraction are proposed by
in-situ bridging carbon matrix into CNT paper through optimized chemical vapor infiltration (CVI).
Nanoinfiltration behavior of CNTs is basically investigated under the CVI process. The contact between
each CNT can be strengthened and the conductive pathways can be established, resulting in the better
mechanical and electrical properties. Compared with the pristine CNT paper, the CNT/C composite after
pyrolysis process confirms a remarkable advance in tensile strength (up to 310 ± 13 MPa) and Young’s
modulus (up to 2.4 ± 0.1 GPa). Besides, a notable feature of electrical conductivity also shows an improvement up to 8.5 S/cm, which can be attributed to the mass fraction of CNT (41 wt%) breaking the limits of
percolation thresholds and the efficient densification of this sample to establish the conductive pathways.
This study has a broad application in the development of the multi-functional electrical and engineering
materials.
Keywords: Carbon nanotube | Chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) | Nanocomposites |
مقاله انگلیسی |
4 |
Optimizing the electrical conductivity of polyacrylonitrile/polyaniline with nickel nanoparticles for the enhanced electrostimulation of Schwann cells proliferation
بهینه سازی رسانایی الکتریکی پلی اکریلونیتریل/پلی آنیلین با نانوذرات نیکل برای تحریک الکتریکی افزایش یافته تکثیر سلول های شوان-2021 Tissue engineering scaffolds made of biocompatible polymers are promising alternatives for nerve reparation. For this application, cell proliferation will be speeded up by electrostimulation, which required
electrically-conductive materials. Here, a biomimicking scaffold with optimized conductivity was developed from electrospun polyacrylonitrile/electrically-conductive polyaniline (PAN/PANI) nanofibers
doped with Ni nanoparticles. PAN/PANI/Ni was biocompatible for Schwann cells and exhibited a suitable
tensile strength and wettability for cell proliferation. When compared with unmodified PAN/PANI, the
electrical conductivity of PAN/PANI/Ni was 6.4 fold higher. Without electrostimulation, PAN/PANI and
PAN/PANI/Ni exhibited similar Schwann cells’ proliferation rates. Upon electrostimulation at
100 mV cm1 for one hour per day over five days, PAN/PANI/Ni accelerated Schwann cells’ proliferation
2.1 times compared to PAN/PANI. These results demonstrate the importance of expanding the electrical
conductivity of the tissue engineering scaffold to ensure optimal electrostimulation of nerve cell growth.
Additionally, this study describes a straightforward approach to modulate the electrical conductivity of
polymeric materials via the addition of Ni nanoparticles that can be applied to different biomimicking
scaffolds for nerve healing.
Keywords: Nerve tissue engineering | Electrospinning | PAN/PANI | Ni nanoparticles | Schwann cells |
مقاله انگلیسی |
5 |
Chemical adsorption on 2D dielectric nanosheets for matrix free nanocomposites with ultrahigh electrical energy storage
جذب شیمیایی روی نانوصفحات دی الکتریک دوبعدی برای نانوکامپوزیت های بدون ماتریس با ذخیره انرژی الکتریکی فوق العاده بالا-2021 Relaxor ferroelectric polymers display great potential in capacitor dielectric applications because of their
excellent flexibility, light weight, and high dielectric constant. However, their electrical energy storage
capacity is limited by their high conduction losses and low dielectric strength, which primarily originates
from the impact-ionization-induced electron multiplication, low mechanical modulus, and low thermal
conductivity of the dielectric polymers. Here a matrix free strategy is developed to effectively suppress
electron multiplication effects and to enhance mechanical modulus and thermal conductivity of a dielectric polymer, which involves the chemical adsorption of an electron barrier layer on boron nitride
nanosheet surfaces by chemically adsorbing an amino-containing polymer. A dramatic decrease of leakage current (from 2.4 106 to 1.1 107 A cm2 at 100 MV m1) and a substantial increase of breakdown strength (from 340 to 742 MV m1) were achieved in the nanocompostes, which result in a
remarkable increase of discharge energy density (from 5.2 to 31.8 J cm3). Moreover, the dielectric
strength of the nanocomposites suffering an electrical breakdown could be restored to 88% of the original
value. This study demonstrates a rational design for fabricating dielectric polymer nanocomposites with
greatly enhanced electric energy storage capacity.
Keywords: Boron nitride nanosheets | Electron barrier layer | Relaxor ferroelectric polymers | Nanocomposites | Electrical energy storage |
مقاله انگلیسی |
6 |
Mechanical properties and electrical resistivity of multiwall carbon nanotubes incorporated into high calcium fly ash geopolymer
Mechanical properties and electrical resistivity of multiwall carbon nanotubes incorporated into high calcium fly ash geopolymer-2021 High calcium fly ash (HCF) is a pozzolan material and is available in large quantity in Thailand
due to the existence of coal-based electrical power plants. It is used as a supplemental material to
partially replace cement content in concrete as a movement toward concrete sustainability. In
order to lift the sustainability level, a cementitious material without Portland cement called
‘geopolymer’ was introduced. Geopolymer can be produced from raw materials containing high
alumina and silica, for example fly ash, blast furnace slag, and metakaolin. For high calcium fly
ash geopolymer (HCFG), the unique properties include fast setting, and high early strength. In this
study, in order to enhance the properties of HCF geopolymer, multiwall carbon nanotubes
(MWCNTs) were introduced into the matrix. In addition to the investigation into basic properties,
the effect of MWCNT on electrical resistivity was also investigated to determine its potential use
in piezoelectric sensor applications. The results showed that the addition of MWCNTs improved
the mechanical properties of HCFG. The maximum compressive and flexural strengths were obtained with a mix containing 0.2% MWCNTs. The EDS test also indicated the increase in geopolymerization and hydration products with the addition of MWCNTs. To investigate the
piezoelectricity potential, the electrical resistivity under different levels of compression loads was
investigated. The resistivity decreased with the increasing load level up to the first crack, and then
decreased. The changes in electrical resistivity indicated the potential use of HCFG incorporated
MWCNTs in self-sensing for structural health monitoring.
Keywords: Geopolymer | High calcium fly ash | Multiwall carbon nanotube | Electrical resistivity |
مقاله انگلیسی |
7 |
Nanotechnology applied for improving research in electrical domain - a survey
کاربرد نانوتکنولوژی برای بهبود تحقیقات در حوزه الکتریکی - یک مرور-2021 Research activities in the field of nanotechnology have paved way to improvisation and progress in various fields globally. Since its tremendous development, it has extended its hands in almost all domains
and in the past few decades it has also been a foundation for new technological advancement in electrical
domain in particular. This field has given the way in development of new materials which has really
improved the electrical characteristics like dielectric, insulation of materials which are conventionally
used and therefore enhanced their performances in various applications. This paper tries to bring out a
glimpse of its applications in past developments and future opportunities listed by various authors particularly in the field of electrical engineering.
Keywords: Electrical machine | Transformer | Nanotechnology |
مقاله انگلیسی |
8 |
Effect of CNT additives on the electrical properties of derived nanocomposites (experimentally and numerical investigation)
تأثیر افزودنیهای CNT بر خواص الکتریکی نانوکامپوزیتهای مشتقشده (بررسی تجربی و عددی)-2021 In this work, two simulations models have been developed to study the electrical percolation and the
electrical conductivity of epoxy-based nanocomposite containing Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes. The
models are based on resistor-model and finite element analysis. The former was evaluated using
MATLAB code and the finite element analysis using DIGIMAT software. The maximum tunneling distance
and its influence on the percolation probability and final electrical conductivity were studied. Electrical
measurements on the samples were conducted for numerical validation. The experimental data showed a
percolation achievement around 2 wt%, which was confirmed in the numerical simulations. This study
provides evidence of the effectiveness of the resistor model and finite element method approach to predict the electrical conductivity of nanocomposites.
Keywords: Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs) | Nanocomposites | Carbon nanotube | Electrical properties | Computational modelling |
مقاله انگلیسی |
9 |
Moisture dependence of electrical resistivity in under-percolated cement-based composites with multi-walled carbon nanotubes
وابستگی مقاومت الکتریکی به رطوبت در کامپوزیت های پایه سیمانی کم نفوذ با نانولوله های کربنی چند جداره-2021 Cement-based piezoresistive composites have attracted significant attention as smart construction materials for embedding self-sensing capability in concrete infrastructure. Although a number of studies have been conducted using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a functional filler for self-sensing cement-based composites, studies addressing the influence of the internal moisture state on the electrical properties are relatively scant. In this study, we aim to experimentally investigate the effect of internal moisture state on the electrical resistivity of cement-based composites containing MWCNTs as an electrically conductive medium to raise a need for calibration of self-sensing data considering the internal moisture state. To this end, the moisture dependence of electrical resistivity in under-percolated cement-based composites was mainly evaluated, along with other material properties such as strength, shrinkage, and flowability. Results revealed that the electrical resistivity increased almost linearly as the internal relative humidity (IRH) decreased, and the increase was more pronounced below the percolation threshold. In addition, it was found that the strength gained by the microfiller effect of MWCNTs was significantly reduced particularly in under-percolated mixtures, leading to overall strength reductions. Furthermore, this study showed that the more the MWCNT was added, the smaller the flowability was obtained due to the increased viscosity of the mixture. The findings of this study are expected to provide pivotal information for accurate and reliable interpretations of self-sensing data generated by MWCNT-embedded cement-based composites.
Keywords: carbon nanotubes | cement-based composites | electrical resistivity | internal relative humidity | percolation threshold | self-sensing |
مقاله انگلیسی |
10 |
بهبود تولید بیودیزل با کمک اولتراسونیک حاصل از ضایعات صنعت گوشت (چربی خوک) با استفاده از نانوکاتالیزور اکسید مس سبز: مقایسه سطح پاسخ و مدل سازی شبکه عصبی
سال انتشار: 2021 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 11 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 25 سوخت زیستی سبز ، تمیز و پایدار تنها گزینه به منظور کاهش کابرد سوخت های فسیلی ، پاسخگویی به تقاضای زیاد انرژی و کاهش آلودگی هوا است. تولید بیودیزل زمانی ارزان می شود که از یک پیش ماده ارزان ، کاتالیزور سازگار با محیط زیست و فرآیند مناسب استفاده کنیم. پیه خوک از صنعت گوشت حاوی اسید چرب بالا است و به عنوان یک پیش ماده موثر برای تهیه بیودیزل کاربرد دارد. این مطالعه بیودیزل را از روغن پیه خوک از طریق فرآیند استری سازی دو مرحله ای با کمک اولتراسونیک و کاتالیزور تولید می کند. عصاره Cinnamomum tamala (C. tamala) برای تهیه نانوذرات CuO مورد استفاده قرار گرفت و با استفاده از طیف مادون قرمز ، پراش اشعه ایکس ، توزیع اندازه ذرات ، میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی و انتقال مشخص شد. تولید بیودیزل با استفاده از طرح Box-Behnken (BBD) و شبکه عصبی مصنوعی (ANN) ، در محدوده متغیرهای زمان اولتراسونیک (us )(20-40 min)، بارگیری نانوکاتالیزور 1-3) CuO درصد وزنی( ، و متانول به قبل از نسبت مولی PTO (10:1e30:1) مدلسازی شد. آنالیز آماری ثابت کرد که مدل سازی شبکه عصبی بهتر از BBD است. عملکرد بهینه 97.82٪ با استفاده از الگوریتم ژنتیک (GA) در زمان US: 35.36 دقیقه ، بار کاتالیزور CuO: 2.07 درصد وزنی و نسبت مولی: 29.87: 1 به دست آمد. مقایسه با مطالعات قبلی ثابت کرد که اولتراسونیک به میزان قابل توجهی موجب کاهش بار نانوکاتالیزور CuO می شود ، و نسبت مولی را افزایش می دهد و این فرایند را بهبود می بخشد.
کلمات کلیدی: چربی خوک | التراسونیک | اکسید مس | سنتز سبز | شبکه عصبی | سطح پاسخ |
مقاله ترجمه شده |