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نتیجه جستجو - همدلی

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 15
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Empathy in phenomenological research: Employing Edith Steins account of empathy as a practical and ethical guide
همدلی در تحقیقات پدیدارشناسی: استفاده از گزارش ادیت استاین از همدلی به عنوان راهنمای عملی و اخلاقی-2021
An ‘affective turn’ has come about in philosophy of mind debates and the notion of empathy is increasingly influential. This could usefully extend into psychological research, particularly in counselling and psychother- apy. Edith Stein’s account of empathy bridges gaps between individual psychological experience, embodied interpersonal emotionality, and our collective social moral order. Her philosophy provides ethical and practical guidance for researchers who seek to understand the meaning of what their participants experience in the flow of intersubjectivity and situated living. Researchers can thereby avoid positioning them as ‘different,’ ‘deviant,’ or ‘dysfunctional.’ Methodologies are recommended, based on Stein’s account.
keywords: یکدلی | ادیت استین | پدیده شناسی | Empathy | Edith stein | Phenomenology
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Time-Driven Activity-based Costing for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Comparison to Traditional Accounting Methods
هزینه فعالیت مبتنی بر فعالیت مبتنی بر زمان برای بازسازی رباط صلیبی قدامی: مقایسه با روش های حسابداری سنتی-2021
Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to compare the cost of care of one of the most common sports medicine surgical procedures, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), using the time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) method to traditional accounting methods such as activity-based costing (ABC). Our secondary purpose was to identify the main drivers of the cost of ACLR using both of these techniques.
Methods: A process map of ACLR was constructed through direct observation in the clinical setting according to established techniques to identify drivers of fixed, direct variable, and indirect costs. An episode of care consisted of each step in the surgical process from admission to discharge. Personnel costs were combined with the process map to determine the cost drivers and overall cost of the procedure. The cost generated from the TDABC method was compared with the cost from our institution’s internal accounting system, which used an ABC method.
Results: The total cost of ACLR was $5,242.25 when using TDABC versus $10,318 when using the traditional ABC method. The largest difference between the 2 methods was within the domain of direct variable costs.
Conclusions: When compared with TDABC, the hospital’s traditional cost-accounting estimate for ACLR is nearly twice as costly. These findings highlight the variability of cost calculation for the same clinical episode between the 2 accounting methods. For the traditional accounting method, the direct variable cost was the main cost driver, whereas for the TDABC method, the direct fixed cost was the main cost driver.
Clinical Relevance: This study is important because it elucidates important cost drivers for one of the most common sports medicine orthopaedic surgical procedures and attempts to identify the true overall cost of the procedure.
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Voices from ‘Igbo Bunks’: A qualitative study of the complicity of law-enforcement agents in marijuana use in a Nigerian community
صداهایی از Igbo Bunks : یک مطالعه کیفی از همدستی ماموران اجرای قانون در مصرف ماری جوانا در یک جامعه نیجریه-2020
There exists observable complicity by law enforcement agents in illicit drug networks for financial gain and yet the problem remains under-researched. Thus, this study explored the connection between cannabis use/users and the connivance of narcotic agents in Afikpo North LGA of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Purposive and snowballing sampling techniques were employed in selecting a sample of 21, comprising 18 regular ‘Igbo Bunks’ (specially designed marijuana-smoking joints) patronisers and three dealers (Bunk owners/managers). Qualitative thematic method was adopted in analysing the data generated from in-depth oral interviews. Findings revealed that three popular Bunks operate unhidden and were well-known to the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) and Nigeria Police Force (NPF), but little or no action has been taken to close them down. Although the outcome of the connivance has led to an increase in the price of cannabis due to illegal monetary compensation given to law enforcers to secure their approval, recurring use has also been recorded due to the ostensible comfort and protection these joints offer to customers. Organised marijuana smoking is a fast growing but underexplored ‘lawenforcement problem’ to watch and therefore further empirical studies on the phenomenon is suggested to further direct policy and action. There is urgent need for community responses and partnership with law enforcement agents. Since the most visible part of drug issue takes place in our neighbourhoods, this security synergy is necessary and timely for effective prevention and control of the phenomenon.
Keywords: Complicity | Igbo Bunks | Marijuana use | Law-enforcement agents | Qualitative study
مقاله انگلیسی
4 The effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation as an intervention to improve empathic abilities and reduce violent behavior: A literature review
اثر بخشی تحریک جریان مستقیم Transcranial به عنوان مداخله ای برای بهبود توانایی های همدلی و کاهش رفتار خشونت آمیز: یک بررسی ادبیات-2020
Background: Empathy can be seen as an individual factor decreasing the probability of violent, criminal behavior, whereas a lack of empathy is seen as an increasing factor to antisocial behavior. Antisocial behavior, especially aggression and impulsive behavior, is associated with dysfunctions in the prefrontal cortex. There has been a growing interest in using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) as an intervention to modulate brain regions of interest and increasing activity in damaged brain areas. This paper reviews the evidence about using tDCS as a potential intervention to increase empathic abilities and decrease antisocial behavior in violent offenders. Objective/methods: This literature review is conducted to examine what is currently known about how tDCS may modulate empathic abilities and aggressive behavior. Articles in which tDCS was used to modulate empathic abilities and/or modulate violent behavior were selected. Brain areas of interest were the Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex and the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex. Results/conclusions: Literature collected so far support the application of tDCS as a potential tool to increase empathic abilities and reduce violence in forensic patients, especially when targeting the vmPFC. Further research on the vast parameter space of tCS (e.g. stimulation intensity, electrode location, polarity) is needed to consolidate tDCS as a tool in forensic science.
Keywords: tDCS | Neuromodulation | Empathy | Violent behavior | vmPFC
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Establishing a professional Rugby Union Football League in the USA: Managing institutional pluralism in sport entrepreneurship
ایجاد یک لیگ فوتبال راگبی اتحادیه حرفه ای در ایالات متحده آمریکا: مدیریت تکثر نهادی در کارآفرینی ورزشی-2020
Given the growth of sport leagues globally, we sought to understand how sport entrepreneurs addressed institutional plurality as they worked to establish a new professional sport league in the USA. Drawing on institutional pluralism, we critically examine two efforts to establish professional rugby union football leagues in the USA. Pluralism resulted in tensions among rugby stakeholders. While both leagues sought to reconcile tensions through institutional infrastructure work, one of the leagues garnered more stakeholder support as it was attentive to more institutional contexts. The other league’s infrastructure work was limited and resulted in the alienation of many important rugby stakeholders. Our research demonstrates the theoretical and practical importance of institutional infrastructure work within sport entrepreneurship, especially when navigating institutional pluralism. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Sport Management Association of Australia and New Zealand.
Keywords: Cognitive empathy | Emotional empathy | Prosocial behavior | Opportunity evaluation | Opportunity exploitation | Social entrepreneurship
مقاله انگلیسی
6 When giving is good for encouraging social entrepreneurship
هنگامی که دادن خوبی برای تشویق کارآفرینی اجتماعی است-2020
We develop a cognitive-affect model of social entrepreneurship that begins with empathy (i.e. perspective taking and empathic concern) and progresses through prosocial behavior to social entrepreneurship intention. We further propose two contingencies – namely entrepreneurial opportunity evaluation and exploitation - that moderate the proposed relationships. We verify theses effects with a sample of 537 respondents. Results suggest that prosocial behavior mediates the relationship between empathy (perspective taking and empathic concern) and social entrepreneurial intention. We also find that opportunity evaluation and opportunity exploitation moderate this mediating pathway.
Keywords: Cognitive empathy | Emotional empathy | Prosocial behavior | Opportunity evaluation | Opportunity exploitation | Social entrepreneurship
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Co-creation, control or compliance? How Dutch community engagement professionals view their work
همکاری ، کنترل یا انطباق؟ چگونه متخصصان تعامل جامعه هلندی کار خود را مشاهده می کنند-2020
Most literature on community engagement (CE) focuses on why and how local communities respond to energy projects or technologies. There has been very limited attention to project developers and the way they shape CE in the literature. We address this gap by focusing on the work of professionals active within or for energy companies, who are responsible for engaging communities in the development of energy projects: so-called ‘community engagement professionals’ (CEPs). Using Q methodology, we explore how CEPs see their role as front-line workers operating on the boundary between their own organization and the local community. Our analysis results in three perspectives of their own work amongst CEPs. Perspective 1 views CE as co-creation and their position as one of an intermediary between their organization and the community. Perspective 2 sees CE as an inherent part of project management, using it to remain in control of the process. Perspective 3 is all about project development, with CE as something that must be done as part of compliance with laws and regulations. We show that CEPs have heterogeneous perspectives on community engagement. We discuss differences between these perspectives: 1) mode of engagement; 2) the position of the CEP between their organization and the community; 3) how conflict is viewed and dealt with; 4) the extent to which CEPs see themselves as responsible for the representation of communities; and 5) interaction with internal stakeholders. We end by discussing the implications of this study for project developers and the governance of energy infrastructures.
Keywords: Community engagement | Energy projects | Front-line workers | Project developers | Q methodology | Co-creation
مقاله انگلیسی
8 How does sensory brand experience influence brand equity? Considering the roles of customer satisfaction, customer affective commitment, and employee empathy
تجربه برند حسی چگونه بر ارزش برند تأثیر می گذارد؟ توجه به نقش رضایت مشتری ، تعهد عاطفی مشتری و همدلی کارکنان-2019
Building a favorable sensory brand experience is crucial in services settings to strengthen the competitive position of a brand and its equity. However, little empirical research exists in this area. Additionally, and surprisingly, most of the research on service brand experience neglects the importance of employees. This study investigates the effect of sensory brand experience on brand equity in the banking industry, through customer satisfaction and customer affective commitment. It also examines whether employee empathy moderates the impacts of sensory brand experience on customer satisfaction and customer affective commitment. Based on data collected through a panel of 1739 customers, the hypothesized structural model is tested using path analysis. Results show that sensory brand experience has a positive indirect impact on brand equity, through customer satisfaction and customer affective commitment. Customer satisfaction positively influences customer affective commitment, and employee empathy negatively moderates the relationship between sensory brand experience and customer satisfactio
Keywords: Sensory brand experience | nking industry | Brand equity | Employee empathy | Customer affective commitment |Customer satisfactio
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Social skills training (SST) effects on social information processing skills in justice-involved adolescents: Affective empathy as predictor or moderator
تاثیرات آموزش مهارتهای اجتماعی روی مهارتهای پردازش اطلاعات اجتماعی در نوجوانان درگیر با دادگستری: همدلی موثر به عنوان پیش بینی کننده یا واسطه-2018
Objectives To examine the influence of affective empathy on post-treatment effects on social information processing of an outpatient individual social skills training for justice-involved adolescents. Methods The sample consisted of juveniles who received Tools4U, a social skills training with a parental component, as a penal sanction (N = 115). Propensity score matching was used to select a control group of juveniles receiving treatment as usual (TAU) of n = 108 juveniles (of a total N = 354). Affective empathy was examined as a moderator and predictor of treatment effects on social information processing skills: hostile intent attribution and cognitive distortions. Results Empathy only influenced treatment effects on hostile intent attribution, and not on any of the other social information processing skills (i.e., cognitive distortions). Tools4U was only effective in improving hostile intent attribution for juveniles with moderate or high affective empathy and not for juveniles with low empathy. No moderating or predictive effects were found for cognitive distortions. Conclusions Affective empathy only influenced (Tools4U) treatment effects on hostile intent attribution: a minimum level of empathy may be required to decrease hostile intent attribution in treatment. The intervention proved to be effective in decreasing cognitive distortions (i.e., self-centering, assuming the worst), regardless of affective empathy level. Future studies should investigate and refine the complex interaction of affective empathy with other factors and treatment changes, particularly for long-term effects on delinquency.
keywords: Empathy |Predictor |Moderator |Social cognitive skills |Social information processing |Social skills training |Juvenile delinquents |Justice-involved adolescents
مقاله انگلیسی
10 Understanding the relationship between cyber-victimisation and cyber-bullying on Social Network Sites: The role of moderating factors
درک رابطه بین قربانی سایبری و تهدید سایبری در شبکه های اجتماعی: نقش عوامل تعدیل -2017
The strongest predictor of engagement in cyber-bullying is having experienced cyber-victimisation oneself. We examined the extent to which trait (moral disengagement, cognitive empathy, affective empathy), demographic (age, sex), and situational factors (Internet use, parental Internet monitoring) moderated the strength of the re lationship between victimisation and bullying on Social Network Sites (SNSs). We surveyed 175 adolescents (M age = 14.82 years; SD = 1.52; 53% male) who had a SNS profile. Higher moral disengagement strengthened the cyber victim-bully relationship, whereas greater parental monitoring weakened this relationship. Neither affec tive nor cognitive empathy, age, sex, nor time online moderated the relationship. Overall, 30% to 48% of the var iance in cyber-bullying frequency was explained. The results suggest that cyber-bullying interventions need to also focus on experiences of victimisation and that reducing the adolescents moral disengagement and educating parents about the importance of monitoring adolescent Internet use would be most effective.
Keywords: Cyber-bullying | Cyber-victimisation | Moral disengagement | Empathy | Social Network Sites
مقاله انگلیسی
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