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Thorough state-of-the-art analysis of electric and hybrid vehicle powertrains: Topologies and integrated energy management strategies
تجزیه و تحلیل دقیق و پیشرفته از موتورهای برقی و هیبریدی خودرو:: توپولوژی و استراتژی های مدیریت انرژی یکپارچه-2020 Hybrid and electric vehicles have been demonstrated as auspicious solutions for ensuring improvements in fuel
saving and emission reductions. From the system design perspective, there are numerous indicators affecting the
performance of such vehicles, in which the powertrain type, component configuration, and energy management
strategy (EMS) play a key role. Achieving an energy-efficient powertrain requires tackling several conflicting
control objectives such as the drivability, fuel economy, reduced emissions, and battery state of charge preservation,
which make the EMS the most crucial aspect of powertrain system design. Accordingly, in the present
study, various powertrain systems and topologies of (plug-in) hybrid electric vehicles and full-electric vehicles
are assessed. In addition, EMSs as applied in the literature are systematically surveyed for a qualitative investigation,
classification, and comparison of existing approaches in terms of the principles, advantages, and
drawbacks through a comprehensive review. Furthermore, potential challenges considering the gaps in research
are addressed, and directives paving the way toward further development of powertrains and EMSs in all respects
are thoroughly provided. Keywords: Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle | Full-electric vehicle | Energy management strategy optimisation | Online EMS | Offline EMS | Optimal control strategy |
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