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RL-OPRA: Reinforcement Learning for Online and Proactive Resource Allocation of crowdsourced live videos
RL-OPRA: یادگیری تقویتی برای تخصیص منابع آنلاین و پیشگیرانه فیلم های زنده با منابع انسانی-2020 With the advancement of rich media generating devices, the proliferation of live Content Providers (CP),
and the availability of convenient internet access, crowdsourced live streaming services have witnessed
unexpected growth. To ensure a better Quality of Experience (QoE), higher availability, and lower
costs, large live streaming CPs are migrating their services to geo-distributed cloud infrastructure.
However, because of the dynamics of live broadcasting and the wide geo-distribution of viewers and
broadcasters, it is still challenging to satisfy all requests with reasonable resources. To overcome this
challenge, we introduce in this paper a prediction driven approach that estimates the potential number
of viewers near different cloud sites at the instant of broadcasting. This online and instant prediction of
distributed popularity distinguishes our work from previous efforts that provision constant resources
or alter their allocation as the popularity of the content changes. Based on the derived predictions,
we formulate an Integer-Linear Program (ILP) to proactively and dynamically choose the right data
center to allocate exact resources and serve potential viewers, while minimizing the perceived delays.
As the optimization is not adequate for online serving, we propose a real-time approach based on
Reinforcement Learning (RL), namely RL-OPRA, which adaptively learns to optimize the allocation and
serving decisions by interacting with the network environment. Extensive simulation and comparison
with the ILP have shown that our RL-based approach is able to present optimal results compared to
heuristic-based approaches. Keywords: Live streaming | QoE | Geo-distributed clouds | Machine and reinforcement learning |
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