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An easy-to-explain decision support framework for forensic analysis of dynamic signatures
یک چارچوب پشتیبانی تصمیم آسان برای تجزیه و تحلیل پزشکی قانونی امضاهای پویا-2021 Forensic handwriting examination is often criticized for its lack of objective standards and rigorous scientific validation. On the other hand, cutting-edge techniques for biometric handwriting and signature verification are often perceived as perfect black boxes and are not used by forensic handwriting examiners in their work environment. This paper presents an easy-to-explain yet effective framework to support semi-automatic signature verification in forensic settings. The proposed approach is based on measuring similarities between signatures by applying Dynamic Time Warping on easy-to-derive dynamic features. The goal is to provide forensic handwriting examiners with a decision support tool for making reproducible and less questionable inferences, while being both intuitive and easy to explain. The method is tested on a newly proposed dataset that also takes into account the so-called disguised sig- natures which are of extreme importance in this scenario.© 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Dynamic signatures | Forensic handwriting examination | Behavioral biometrics | Decision support system | Disguised signatures |
مقاله انگلیسی |
2 |
Sustainability-informed multi-criteria decision support framework for ranking and prioritization of pavement sections
چارچوب پشتیبانی تصمیم گیری چند معیار با آگاهی از پایداری برای رتبه بندی و اولویت بندی بخش های روسازی-2020 Ranking and prioritizing pavement infrastructure for maintenance and rehabilitation have become major
undertakings for several departments of transportation around the globe. This is a complex decisionmaking
problem because multiple and conflicting criteria can contribute to the assessment. Multicriteria
decision analysis (MCDA) techniques evaluate the trade-off between several quantitative and
qualitative criteria and facilitate complex decision-making. This research introduces a framework based
on MCDA to support pavement management decision making, while quantifying emerging
sustainability-related factors such as safety, noise, and pollution in the decision-making process. The
framework features include 1) identifying pavement management main decision elements: objectives,
criteria, and attributes by detailing the problem with a five-level hierarchy structure; 2) employing
combined analytic hierarchy process and multi-attribute utility theory to develop representative set of
utility functions; and 3) ranking and prioritizing large networks of pavement sections while incorporating
sustainability-related criteria. Data used to assess the decision criteria and develop the utility
functions is extracted by means of a questionnaire survey completed by professionals working in the
field of pavement management. The proposed method is applied to a case study consisting of ten
pavement sections extracted from the long-term pavement performance database, wherein the sections
are ranked based on their attributes. Sensitivity analysis is performed to evaluate the impact of the
different criteria on the ranking process. The proposed method has shown potential in ranking pavement
networks based on the identified criteria. Future work can test the performance of the proposed
methodology with a full-scale pavement network and apply it to other civil infrastructure assets to
evaluate its performance with different types of projects. Keywords: Pavement | Management | Multi-criteria | Sustainability | Ranking | Prioritizing |
مقاله انگلیسی |
3 |
A framework for secure IT operations in an uncertain and changing environment
یک چارچوب برای عملیات IT ایمن در محیط نامطمئن و در حال تغییر-2017 Article history:Received 5 February 2016Revised 2 March 2017Accepted 17 April 2017Available online 18 April 2017Keywords:Information securityIT security management Decision support framework Security investment decisions Combinatorial optimizationIn this paper, a quantitative approach is proposed that addresses various decision making challenges within the IT security process of an organization. The approach serves as a framework that facilitates multiple applications to optimize the security of IT systems in different environmental settings. Address- ing this problem is a critical challenge for almost all organizations and it still lacks a comprehensive and consistent quantitative treatment. The key question of the corresponding decision problem is which safeguards to select in order to achieve sufficient security. The proposed framework addresses this by establishing a generally applicable problem structure and by reusing existing knowledge in order to re- duce implementation costs of the approach. Based on this foundation, efficient MILP models are applied to support the establishment of an effective IT security strategy. Depending on the knowledge an organi- zation is able to provide, decisions take uncertainty and even dynamic aspects into account. As a result, deployed safeguards are robust against uncertain security threats and remain stable over several plan- ning periods even if the system or the threat environment changes. This is a significant advancement that results in higher security in the short-term and lower costs in the mid- and long-term.© 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Information security | IT security management | Decision support framework | Security investment decisions | Combinatorial optimization |
مقاله انگلیسی |