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نتیجه جستجو - چند رشته ای

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 19
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Radiography of human dry bones: A reflective account with recommendations for practice
رادیوگرافی استخوان های خشک انسان: یک حساب بازتابنده با توصیه های عملیاتی-2021
Introduction: This study presents the reflective account of a large-scale radiographic survey of medieval and post-medieval long bones from St Albans, United Kingdom. As a practicing diagnostic radiographer and archaeologist, the author sought to apply experiential learning to generate recommendations for archaeological and forensic radiography practice. The purpose of the imaging was to identify Harris lines for biological stress, however this reflective piece concerns the adaptation of clinical radiographic technique for human dry bones.
Methods: Imaging took place over five sessions in early 2021 with the assistance of an osteoarchaeologist. Radiography followed standard clinical views (anterior-posterior and medio-lateral) of femora, humeri, radii and tibiae using a digital radiography system. A workplace diary was used to record challenges, solutions and musings related to radiographic technique. The Rolfe, Freshwater and Jasper reflective model was applied to collate and present findings.
Results: A total of 502 radiographs of 426 long bones (92 individuals) were acquired. A multidisciplinary team was found to be essential for correct identification of anatomy, laterality and orientation of remains during the survey. Anterior-posterior views were easiest to achieve, with medio-lateral imaging requiring considerably more effort. Radiolucent sponge supports were necessary, although fragmented remains were often impossible to position accurately. Hands-on experience of human bones improved the authors knowledge and confidence with osteology.
Conclusion: Although limited to selective long bones of archaeological context and personal experience, the findings of this study have direct applications for forensic radiography practice. This includes use of a multidisciplinary team, robust workflow with integrated failsafe checks, consistent imaging approach and the application of radiolucent sponge supports.
Implications for practice: Recommendations within this study may contribute towards a comprehensive guide for radiographic technique for human dry bones.
keywords: باستان شناسی | پزشک قانونی | جریان کار | چند رشته ای | استئولوژی | تکنیک | Archaeology | Forensic | Workflow | Multidisciplinary | Osteology | Technique
مقاله انگلیسی
2 Financial management skills of nurse managers in the Eastern Region of Ghana
مهارت های مدیریت مالی مدیران پرستاری در منطقه شرقی غنا-2021
Background: Ghana’s healthcare sectors are faced with several financial challenges due to increased funding cuts and delayed reimbursement from the National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA). This has necessitated nurse manager to build financial management skills to enable them to lead in the provision of effective and efficient care while reducing cost. This demands adequate knowledge and skills in financial management. The study examined the financial management skills of nurse managers at the unit level. Methods: A quantitative approach using a cross-sectional design was employed using the census approach to collect data from 121 nurse managers in ten hospitals in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Data analyses were performed using descriptive and linear regression analyses. Findings: Nurse managers showed a moderate level of knowledge and skills in financial management. Age, gender, qualification, experience as a nurse manager, and training in management jointly predicted nurse managerss’ financial management (R2 = 0.12, p = 0.029). However, only training in management significantly contributed to the financial skills of nurse managers. Conclusion: Nurse managers play a significant role in the financial management of hospitals but have inadequate knowledge, skills, and competence in financial management. Recommendations include well-structured training and education on financial management using a multidisciplinary approach to enable nurse managers to gain the required knowledge and skills. Continuous experiential learning and mentorship programs should be developed for nurses before the assumption of management positions.
keywords: مدیر پرستار | مهارت های مدیریت مالی | غنا | Nurse manager | Financial management skills | Ghana
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Fifty years of information management research: A conceptual structure analysis using structural topic modeling
پنجاه سال تحقیقات مدیریت اطلاعات: تجزیه و تحلیل ساختار مفهومی با استفاده از مدل سازی موضوع ساختاری-2021
Information management is the management of organizational processes, technologies, and people which collectively create, acquire, integrate, organize, process, store, disseminate, access, and dispose of the infor- mation. Information management is a vast, multi-disciplinary domain that syndicates various subdomains and perfectly intermingles with other domains. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the infor- mation management domain from 1970 to 2019. Drawing upon the methodology from statistical text analysis research, this study summarizes the evolution of knowledge in this domain by examining the publication trends as per authors, institutions, countries, etc. Further, this study proposes a probabilistic generative model based on structural topic modeling to understand and extract the latent themes from the research articles related to in- formation management. Furthermore, this study graphically visualizes the variations in the topic prevalences over the period of 1970 to 2019. The results highlight that the most common themes are data management, knowledge management, environmental management, project management, service management, and mobile and web management. The findings also identify themes such as knowledge management, environmental management, project management, and social communication as academic hotspots for future research.
keywords: مدیریت اطلاعات | مدل های اصلی ساختاری | مدل سازی موضوع | مدل های مولد | تجزیه و تحلیل متن | Information management | Structural topic models | Topic modeling | Generative models | Text analytics
مقاله انگلیسی
4 A brief review on recent development of multidisciplinary engineering in fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
مروری کوتاه بر توسعه اخیر مهندسی چند رشته ای در تخمیر ساکارومایسس سرویزیه-2021
Fermentation technology has unprecedented potential to upgrade state-of-art biotechnology and refine the processes used in existing ones, taking into account of complex technical, economic and environmental factors. Given the economic importance and ongoing challenges of biotech sector, multidisciplinary engineering technologies is poised to become an increasingly important tool along with the emergence of modern technology and innovation. This article reviews recent technology advancement in the field of fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Interesting research progress has been made by leveraging multiple engineering fields such as electrical engineering, information engineering, electrochemical engineering and new material development, leading to recent development of novel real-time probes (electronic nose technology, analysis of yeast morphology and metabolites, timely control of glucose feed), improved understanding of electro-fermentation (enhanced electronic transfer provision), as well as application of cost-effective and sustainable materials (bioreactor vessel manufactured from textile, and yeast immobilization support matrix made from abundant natural biomass). To the best of our knowledge, the subject is reviewed for the first time in recent years. Furthermore, this review also constitutes a futuristic S. cerevisiae fermentation process based on the recent advancement discussed.
Keywords: Probes | Bioprocess | Electro-fermentation | Materials | Process analytical technology
مقاله انگلیسی
5 Multidisciplinary and Interdisciplinary Teaching in the Utrecht AI Program: Why and How?
آموزش چند رشته ای و میان رشته ای در برنامه هوش مصنوعی Utrecht : چرا و چگونه؟-2020
MULTIDISCIPLINARY AND INTERDISCIPLINARY education can provide relevant insights into ubiquitous computing and other fields.1 In this article, we share our experience with multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary teaching in the twoyear Artificial Intelligence Research Master’s program at Utrecht University, the Netherlands. In particular, we zoom in on our motivation for, and experience with, revising courses in which nonengineering topics can be related to a more engineering inclined audience, and vice-versa.
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Efficient sizing and optimization of multirotor drones based on scaling laws and similarity models
اندازه گیری موثر و بهینه سازی هواپیماهای بدون سرنشین چند موتور بر اساس قوانین مقیاس بندی و مدل های شباهت-2020
In contrast to the current overall aircraft design techniques, the design of multirotor vehicles generally consists of skill-based selection procedures or is based on pure empirical approaches. The application of a systemic approach provides better design performance and the possibility to rapidly assess the effect of changes in the requirements. This paper proposes a generic and efficient sizing methodology for electric multirotor vehicles which allows to optimize a configuration for different missions and requirements. Starting from a set of algebraic equations based on scaling laws and similarity models, the optimization problem representing the sizing can be formulated in many manners. The proposed methodology shows a significant reduction in the number of function evaluations in the optimization process due to a thorough suppression of inequality constraints when compared to initial problem formulation. The results are validated by comparison to characteristics of existing multirotors. In addition, performance predictions of these configurations are performed for different flight scenarios and payloads.
Keywords: Multirotor drones | UAV | Design methodology | Sizing | Monotonicity analysis | Multidisciplinary Design Optimization
مقاله انگلیسی
7 A FBWM-PROMETHEE approach for industrial robot selection
رویکرد FBWM-PROMETHEE برای انتخاب ربات های صنعتی-2020
In recent years, the selection of a robot for particular industrial purposes is one of the most challenging problems in the manufacturing environment based on automation and smartness for real-time decision-making. At present, several types of industrial robots with various capabilities, features, facilities, and specifications are available in the market. This makes the decision-making process more and more complicated due to the increase in complexity, advanced technologies, and features that are continually being incorporated into the robots by several manufacturers. The decision-maker needs to identify and select the best-suited robot to attain the desired output with precise application ability, and minimum cost. This paper tries to solve the robot selection problem using Fuzzy Best-Worst Method and PROMETHEE as the two most appropriate multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods for weighting criteria and ranking of decision alternatives, respectively.
Keywords: Industrial engineering | Multidisciplinary design optimization | Manufacturing engineering | Technology management | Operations management | Industry management | Business management | Industrialization | Industrial robots | Fuzzy best-worst method | PROMETHEE | MCDM | Robot selection | Criteria
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Improving breast cancer care coordination and symptom management by using AI driven predictive toolkits
بهبود هماهنگی مراقبت از سرطان پستان و مدیریت علائم با استفاده از ابزارهای پیش بینی کننده هوش مصنوعی-2020
Integrated breast cancer care is complex, marked by multiple hand-offs between primary care and specialists over an extensive period of time. Communication is essential for treatment compliance, lowering error and complication risk, as well as handling co-morbidity. The director role of care, however, becomes often unclear, and patients remain lost across departments. Digital tools can add significant value to care communication but need clarity about the directives to perform in the care team. In effective breast cancer care, multidisciplinary team meetings can drive care planning, create directives and structured data collection. Subsequently, nurse navigators can take the director’s role and become a pivotal determinant for patient care continuity. In the complexity of care, automated AI driven planning can facilitate their tasks, however, human intervention stays needed for psychosocial support and tackling unexpected urgency. Care allocation of patients across centres, is often still done by hand and phone demanding time due to overbooked agenda’s and discontinuous system solutions limited by privacy rules and moreover, competition among providers. Collection of complete outcome information is limited to specific collaborative networks today. With data continuity over time, AI tools can facilitate both care allocation and risk prediction which may unveil non-compliance due to local scarce resources, distance and costs. Applied research is needed to bring AI modelling into clinical practice Keywords: Care coordination | Symptom management | Predictive tools | Care allocation | Nurse navigator | Multidisciplinary discussion
مقاله انگلیسی
9 End-of-life medical decision-making for children in custody: A collaborative, multi-stakeholder practical approach
تصمیم گیری پایان عمر پزشکی برای کودکان در بازداشت: یک رویکرد عملی مشترک چند جانبه-2020
Background: Parents have a constitutionally-protected, fundamental right to make decisions concerning the health and well-being of their children, afforded by the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. However, parental rights are not absolute, and may be curtailed after a finding of parental “unfitness” including perpetration of egregious child abuse/neglect. Court intervention may be necessary to assert “parens patriae” authority to protect a child’s well-being. Disagreements over medical care for a child (particularly when parent maltreatment resulted in life-altering clinical conditions and parents are suspected of perpetrating abusive injuries) often pose conflicts of interest. End-of-life decision-making involving abuse perpetrators may be influenced by self-interest, due to potential for escalation of criminal charges. Objective: Discuss medico-legal decision-making for children in child welfare custody using a detailed case example involving a child near-fatally, abusively injured by his parents; review of relevant case law/national legal precedents; and clinical policy statements guiding end-of-life decision-making for pediatric patients. Participants/setting/methods: Using an exploratory, quasi-qualitative approach, perceived experiences of purposefully-selected taskforce members identified key themes that informed a care de-escalation protocol, implemented across the state. Results: Key themes included coordinated communication, expedited legal proceedings, and balancing child’s best interest (the right not to suffer for a prolonged period of time or sustain complications) with parents’ rights and due process concerns, and informed protocol development. Conclusions: Practicable guidance established in the protocol can be theoretically adapted at the local level to address the complexity inherent in end-of-life decision-making for children in custody
Keywords: Child abuse and neglect | End-of-life decision-making | Care de-escalation | Multidisciplinary team | Abuse perpetration | Child abuse victimization | parens patriae
مقاله انگلیسی
10 A Healthcare Improvement Initiative to Increase Multidisciplinary Pain Management Referrals for Youth with Sickle Cell Disease
یک ابتکار بهبود بهداشتی برای افزایش مراجعه به درمان های چند رشته ای برای مدیریت درد در جوانان مبتلا به بیماری سلول داسی شکل-2020
Chronic pain is a complex integration of biological, psychological, and social variables. Multidisciplinary pain management experts design interventions that treat the multidimensional experience. Children and adolescents with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at risk for chronic pain. Increased risk is associated with multiple characteristics including sickle cell genotype, age, gender, frequency of hospitalization, duration of hospitalization, and certain comorbid diagnoses. Referral to pain management professionals for this population is often delayed. Aims: To increase multidisciplinary pain management referrals for youth with SCD identified to be at risk for chronic pain. Design: Implementation research. Setting: One pediatric, academic medical facility serving as a regional sickle cell treatment center in the Midwest. Participants: Children greater than 2 years of age and less than 21 years of age with laboratory confirmed SCD. Methods: Implementation of an evidence-based screening tool using the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR) to guide project planning, design, and evaluation. The CFIR model was paired with the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) quality improvement methodology to operationalize workflow and sustain project aims. Results and Conclusions: Eighty-four percent of all eligible patients were screened during their routine sickle cell appointments resulting in a 110% increase in multidisciplinary pain management referrals. Future interventions and PDSA cycles are targeted at improving attendance at scheduled appointments, reducing hospitalizations, decreasing 30-day readmissions, and shortening length of stay. © 2020 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
مقاله انگلیسی
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