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نتیجه جستجو - چین

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 716
ردیف عنوان نوع
51 Techno-economic and life cycle greenhouse gas emissions assessment of liquefied natural gas supply chain in China
ارزیابی فنی و اقتصادی و چرخه زندگی انتشار گازهای گلخانه ای از زنجیره تامین گاز طبیعی مایع در چین-2021
This study assessed the techno-economic performance and life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for various liquefied natural gas (LNG) supply chains in China in order to find the most efficient way to supply and use LNG. This study improves current literature by adding supply chain optimization options (cold energy recovery and hydrogen production) and by analyzing the entire supply chain of four different LNG end-users (power generation, industrial heating, residential heating, and truck usage). This resulted in 33 LNG pathways for which the energy efficiency, life cycle GHG emissions, and life cycle costs were determined by process-based material and energy flow analysis, life cycle assessment, and pro- duction cost calculation, respectively. The LNG and hydrogen supply chains were compared with a reference chain (coal or diesel) to determine avoided GHG emissions and GHG avoidance costs. Results show that NG with full cryogenic carbon dioxide capture (FCCC) is most beneficial pathway for both avoided GHG emissions and GHG avoidance costs (70.5e112.4 g CO2-e/MJLNG and 66.0e95.9 $/t CO2-e). The best case was obtained when NG with FCCC replaces coal-fired power plants. Results also indicate that hydrogen pathways requires maturation of new technology options and significant capital cost reductions to become attractive.© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords: Liquefied natural gas | Techno-economic assessment | Life cycle greenhouse gas emission | Cold recovery | Blue hydrogen
مقاله انگلیسی
52 Blockchain and other distributed ledger technologies: Where is the accounting?
بلاک چین و سایر فناوری های دفتر کل توزیع شده: حسابداری کجاست؟-2021
In a recent survey of academic research, Fintech related topics, broadly classified as cryptocurrency studies, were by far the most researched topics in the social sciences. However, we have observed that, perhaps surprisingly, even though crypto-currencies rely on a distributed accounting ledger technology, relatively few of those studies were conducted by accounting academics. While some of the features of a system like Bitcoin do not necessarily rely on a traditional accounting knowledge, this knowledge is key in designing effective real-world distributed systems. Building on a foundational framework developed by Risius and Spohrer (2017), we provide support for their hypothesis that to date, research in this area has been predominantly of a somewhat narrow focus (i.e., based upon exploiting existing programming solutions without adequately considering the fundamental needs of users). This is particularly reflected by the abundance of Bitcoin-like crypto-currency code-bases with little or no place for business applications. We suggest that this may severely limit an appreciation of the relevance and applicability of decentralized systems, and how they may support value creation and improved governance. We provide supporting arguments for this statement by considering four applied classes of problems where a blockchain/distributed ledger can add value without requiring a crypto-currency to be an integral part of the functioning system. We note that each class of problem has been viewed previously as part of accounting issues within the legacy centralized ledger systems paradigm. We show how accounting knowledge is still relevant in the shift from centralized to decentralized ledger systems. We advance the debate on the development of (crypto-currency free) value-creating distributed ledger systems by showing that applying accounting knowledge in this area has potentially a much wider impact than that currently being applied in areas limited to auditing and operations management. We develop a typology for general distributed ledger design which assists potential users to understand the wide range of choices when developing such systems.
keywords: بارکش | توزیع شده | انطباق قانونی | قراردادهای هوشمند | دارایی Provenance | Blockchain | Distributed ledger | Regulatory compliance | Smart contracts | Asset provenance
مقاله انگلیسی
53 عوامل موثر بر پذیرش بلاک چین در شیوه‌های مدیریت زنجیره تامین : یک مطالعه مبتنی بر صنعت نفت
سال انتشار: 2021 - تعداد صفحات فایل pdf انگلیسی: 11 - تعداد صفحات فایل doc فارسی: 33
مقاله ترجمه شده
54 Never the twain shall meet? Knowledge strategies for digitalization in healthcare
هرگز این دو نفر ملاقات نخواهند کرد؟ استراتژی های دانش برای دیجیتالی شدن در مراقبت های بهداشتی-2021
This paper explores the formation of knowledge strategies in digitalization of healthcare organizations. Adopting a case study design, we investigate how divergent professional groups including the management team, healthcare professionals and IT engineers in a Chinese hospital come together to develop coherent knowledge strategies during its digital transformation. The findings reveal four phases by which the interplays between the professional groups shaped the knowledge strategies. We systematically analyze the drivers, formation processes and outcomes of the knowledge strategies. Based on the findings, we propose four lessons that may help pro- fessional organizations at different stages of digitalization structure knowledge strategies that can stimulate knowledge creation, application, and synthesis. The study advances the understanding of knowledge strategy by emphasizing the interactions between diversified professional groups and the integration of different types of knowledge in achieving organizational goals. It also sheds light on the complexity and dynamics of knowledge strategy in the digitalization process of knowledge-intensive organizations.
keywords: مدیریت دانش | استراتژی دانش | سازمان دانش فشرده | دیجیتالی کردن | مراقبت های بهداشتی | مطالعه موردی | Knowledge management | Knowledge strategy | Knowledge-intensive organization | Digitalization | Healthcare | Case study
مقاله انگلیسی
55 Extended exergy accounting for smelting and pressing of metals industry in China
حسابداری اگزرژی گسترده برای ذوب شدن و فشار دادن صنعت فلزات در چین-2021
Rapid expansion, relative shortage resources supply and environmental impact threat the sustainable develop- ment of the smelting and pressing of metals sector. Fluxes of energy, materials, environmental remediation expenses, labor, and capital were quantified by Joules based on the second-law thermodynamics during years 1992–2015. The accounting method that quantifies the component of the extended exergy fluxes and the pro- portion in the total inputs was used to analyze this energy-intensive industry. Net per-capita exergy resource input and labor production efficiency are described the conversion of natural resource exergy to economic output and labor efficiency. The results showed the following: (1) the smelting and pressing of metals sector expands rapidly; the ferrous metals industry accounts the large part of the overall metals industry and the nonferrous metals industry grows faster than the ferrous metals industry. Natural resource exergy, especially energy exergy, dominates the investments of the metals industry. (2) Capital exergy and labor exergy decrease in the smelting and pressing of metals industry, while they increase in the nonferrous metals industry and decrease in the ferrous metals industry. Environmental exergy declines in both the nonferrous metals and ferrous metals industries. (3) The comparison of the nonferrous metals and ferrous metals industries with China as a whole, conducted by applying the two indicators for efficiency, shows that the two industries are exceeding the whole country in efficiency and have made great progress. In addition, the extended exergy analysis of smelting and pressing of metals industry is helpful in the identification of resource consumption and environmental cost in sustainable development view.
keywords: اگزرژی گسترده | چین | ذوب و فشار دادن | صنعت فلزات | Extended exergy | China | The smelting and pressing | Metals industry
مقاله انگلیسی
56 Comments on biometric-based non-transferable credentials and their application in blockchain-based identity management
نظرات در مورد اعتبارنامه های غیرقابل انتقال مبتنی بر بیومتریک و کاربرد آنها در مدیریت هویت مبتنی بر بلاک چین-2021
In IT-ecosystems, access to unauthorized parties is prevented with credential-based access control techniques (locks, RFID cards, biometrics, etc.). Some of these methods are ineffective against malicious users who lend their credentials to other users. To obtain non-transferability, Adams proposed a combination of biometrics encapsulated in Pedersen commitment with Brands digital credential. However, Adams’ work does not consider the Zero Knowledge Proof-of Knowledge (ZKPoK) system for Double Discrete Logarithm Representation of the credential. Besides, biometrics is used directly, without employing any biometric cryptosystem to guarantee biometric privacy, thus Adams’ work cannot be GDP compliant. In this paper, we construct the missing ZKPoK protocol for Adam’s work and show its inefficiency. To overcome this limitation, we present a new biometric-based nontransferable credential scheme that maintains the efficiency of the underlying Brands credential. Secondly, we show the insecurity of the first biometric-based anonymous credential scheme designed by Blanton et al.. In this context, we present a brute-force attack against Blanton’s biometric key generation algorithm implemented for fuzzy vault. Next, we integrate an Oblivious PRF (OPRF) protocol to solve the open problem in Blanton’s work and improve its efficiency by replacing the underlying signature scheme with PS-signatures. Finally, we evaluate application scenarios for non-transferable digital/anonymous credentials in the context of Blockchain-based Identity Management (BBIM). We show that our modified constructions preserve biometric privacy and efficiency, and can easily be integrated into current BBIM systems built upon efficient Brands and PS-credentials.
Keywords: Biometrics security | Non-transferability | Digital credentials | Anonymous credentials | Fuzzy vault | Fuzzy extractors | Double discrete logarithm (DDL) | Brands DLRep | Selective disclosure | Blockchain | Identity management
مقاله انگلیسی
57 Optimal capital account liberalization in China
آزاد سازی حساب سرمایه بهینه در چین-2021
China has maintained tight controls over its capital account. Domestic households are restricted from investing abroad and foreign investors are restricted from accessing Chinese financial markets. Most of the formal restrictions on capital flows 1 These de jure capital account restrictions, however, do not fully capture China’s de facto capital account are quantity-based. regime. For example, Agarwal et al. (2019) show that the errors and omissions (E&O) in China’s balance of payments account
keywords: کنترل های سرمایه | سرکوب مالی | چین | توالی اصلاحات | اشتباهات | رفاه | Capital controls | Financial repression | China | Sequencing of reforms | Misallocations | Welfare
مقاله انگلیسی
58 Monetary policy tightening, accounting information comparability, and underinvestment: Evidence from China
تشدید سیاست پولی، قابلیت مقایسه اطلاعات حسابداری، و سرمایه گذاری کم: شواهدی از چین-2021
Based on a macro and micro cross view, we empirically test the interactions among monetary policy, accounting information comparability, and investment efficiency with a sample of A-share listed firms in China from 2005 to 2019. We find that tightening monetary policy will aggravate underinvestment behavior, such as inefficient investment, while improvement in accounting information comparability can effectively mitigate the negative impact of tightening monetary policy on underinvestment, so as to improve firm investment efficiency. Further study shows that, in a period of monetary policy tightening, firms with high agency costs and high financing constraints can significantly reduce underinvestment by improving the comparability of accounting information, thus improving the investment efficiency of firms. After distinguishing the type of firm ownership (state-owned enterprises vs. private enterprises), we find that firms can reduce the effect of insufficient investment during a period of monetary tightening by improving the comparability of accounting information, which is more significant in the sample of private enterprises (PEs).
keywords: قابلیت حسابداری اطلاعات حسابداری | بهره وری سرمایه گذاری | سیاست های پولی | Accounting information comparability | Investment efficiency | Monetary policy
مقاله انگلیسی
59 Knowledge spillover, knowledge management capabilities, and innovation among returnee entrepreneurial firms in emerging markets: Does entrepreneurial ecosystem matter?
سرریز دانش، قابلیت‌های مدیریت دانش و نوآوری در میان شرکت‌های کارآفرین بازگشته در بازارهای نوظهور: آیا اکوسیستم کارآفرینی اهمیت دارد؟-2021
The paper brings an entrepreneurial ecosystem approach to examine the conditions under which returnee en- trepreneurs can overcome their liabilities and promote innovation in emerging markets. The existing literature has focused on how returnee entrepreneurial firms can transit knowledge to local firms with the assumption that the former are more innovative than the latter. However, returnee entrepreneurial firms themselves experience difficulties in achieving superior innovation performance as they face liabilities when returning to their home countries. In this paper, we argue that such firms can take advantage of the knowledge spillover in the entre- preneurial ecosystem to promote innovation performance by enhancing their own knowledge management capability. The empirical evidence supports this proposition. Although we proposed that this relationship is likely contingent upon the attributes of entrepreneurial ecosystem, empirical evidence does not support it. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
keywords: Entrepreneurial ecosystem | Returnee entrepreneurship | Knowledge spillover | Knowledge management capability | Innovation performance | China
مقاله انگلیسی
60 The relation between growth, energy imports, militarization and current account balance in China, Israel and South Korea
رابطه بین رشد، واردات انرژی، نظامی سازی و تعادل حساب جاری در چین، اسرائیل و کره جنوبی-2021
This paper tested the relation among macroeconomic variables such as economic growth, current account balance, energy imports and non-economic variable as militarization for the selected countries by employing Markov Switching-Bayesian Vector Auto Regressive approach for China, Israel and South Korea. These countries have high rate of export and import of weapons, the current account surplus, and higher rate of energy imports. The results showed that the relation between the selected variables differs in these countries with respect to their energy and weapon import levels. According to MarkovSwitching Bayesian Granger Causality results, if the governments determine the polices in the context of the results of the traditional causality test, it will be impossible to obtain the estimated impacts from the policies. Results determined that Militarization, energy imports, economic growth and current account balance relate to each other for all countries. Energy imports increase in the effect of militarization races and economic growth. The current account of the selected countries are vulnerable to the negative energy shocks and militarization.
keywords: نظامی سازی | تعادل حساب جاری | واردات انرژی | Militarization | Current account balance | Energy imports | MSBVAR | MSBGC
مقاله انگلیسی
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