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نتیجه جستجو - کاوش

تعداد مقالات یافته شده: 170
ردیف عنوان نوع
1 Neural-Network Decoders for Quantum Error Correction Using Surface Codes: A Space Exploration of the Hardware Cost-Performance Tradeoffs
رمزگشاهای شبکه عصبی برای تصحیح خطای کوانتومی با استفاده از کدهای سطحی: کاوش فضایی مبادلات هزینه و عملکرد سخت افزار-2022
Quantum error correction (QEC) is required in quantum computers to mitigate the effect of errors on physical qubits. When adopting a QEC scheme based on surface codes, error decoding is the most computationally expensive task in the classical electronic back-end. Decoders employing neural networks (NN) are well-suited for this task but their hardware implementation has not been presented yet. This work presents a space exploration of fully connected feed-forward NN decoders for small distance surface codes. The goal is to optimize the NN for the high-decoding performance, while keeping a minimalistic hardware implementation. This is needed to meet the tight delay constraints of real-time surface code decoding. We demonstrate that hardware-based NN-decoders can achieve the high-decoding performance comparable to other state-of-the-art decoding algorithms whilst being well below the tight delay requirements (≈ 440 ns) of current solid-state qubit technologies for both application-specific integrated circuit designs (<30 ns) and field-programmable gate array implementations (<90 ns). These results indicate that NN-decoders are viable candidates for further exploration of an integrated hardware implementation in future large-scale quantum computers.
INDEX TERMS: Application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) | complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) | CMOS integrated circuits | combinational circuits | cryo-CMOS decoding | cryogenic electronics | digital integrated circuits, error correction codes | feedforward neural networks (NNs) | field programmable gate array (FPGA) | fixed-point arithmetic | machine learning NNs | pareto analysis | quantum computing | quantum-error-correction (QEC) codes | supervised learning, surface codes (SCs).
مقاله انگلیسی
2 An exploration of local rules to map spawning processes to regular hardware architectures
کاوشی در قوانین محلی برای نگاشت فرآیندهای تخم ریزی به معماری های سخت افزاری معمولی-2022
This thesis presents an exploration of population growth via simulation in software to ascertain if a massively parallel hardware system can manage applications running within. Task execution happens dynamically and is controlled by the growth mechanism implementing efficient mapping in simulation. Algorithms that provide population simulation models are often inspired by those evidenced in biology and in particular those of cellular automata and L-systems. These algorithms are of particular interest due to their complexity and self-replication and recent research has shown that it is the refinement of the biological methodology that has resulted in their complexity. Further to this, adaptation of the design has moved the algorithm on towards being able to organize and build itself from a single cell. A growth model is utilized in software systems to provide production of meaningful data. The development of bio-inspired software is constrained by using contemporary processor architectures.
مقاله انگلیسی
3 Exploring learning processes associated with a cancer pain self-management intervention in patients and family caregivers: A mixed methods study
بررسی فرآیندهای یادگیری مرتبط با مداخله خود مدیریت سرطان در بیماران و مراقبت های خانوادگی: مطالعه یک روش ترکیبی -2021
Aim: Explore learning processes associated with a psychoeducational pain selfmanagement intervention. Background: Self-management of cancer pain is challenging for patients and their family caregivers (FCs). While psychoeducational interventions can support them to handle these tasks, it remains unclear how learning pro- cesses are hampered or facilitated. Methods: A convergent parallel mixed methods design with qualitative data collection embedded in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) was used. Outpatients with cancer and FCs were recruited from three Swiss university hospitals. The six-week intervention consisted of education, skills building, and nurse coaching. Quantitative data on pain management knowledge and self-efficacy were analyzed using multilevel models. Patients and FCs were interviewed post-RCT regarding their learning experiences. Qualitative data analysis was guided by interpretive description. Finally, quantitative and qualitative data were integrated using case level comparisons and a meta-matrix. Results: Twenty-one patients and seven FCs completed this study. The group-by-time effect showed increases in knowledge (p = 0.035) and self-efficacy (p = 0.007). Patients and FCs learning through experience was sup- ported by an intervention nurse, who was perceived as competent and trustworthy. After the study, most intervention group participants felt more confident to implement pain self-management. Finally, data integration showed that declining health hampered some patients pain self-management. Conclusions: Competent and trustworthy nurses can support patients and FCs pain self-management by providing individualized interventions. Using a diary, jointly reflecting on the documented experiences, and addressing knowledge deficits and misconceptions through the use of academic detailing can facilitate patients and FCs learning of critical skills.
keywords: سرطان | مدیریت درد | آموزش بیمار | روش های ترکیبی تحقیق | خودکار کارآمدی | Cancer | Pain management | Patient education | Mixed methods research | Self-efficacy
مقاله انگلیسی
4 Exploring smart construction objects as blockchain oracles in construction supply chain management
کاوش اشیا ساخت هوشمند به عنوان اوراکل بلاکچین در مدیریت زنجیره تأمین ساخت و ساز-2021
Blockchain technology has attracted the interest of the global construction industry for its potential to enhance the transparency, traceability, and immutability of construction data and enables collaboration and trust throughout the supply chain. However, such potential cannot be achieved without blockchain “oracles” needed to bridge the on-chain (i.e., blockchain system) and off-chain (i.e., real-life physical project) worlds. This study presents an innovative solution that exploits smart construction objects (SCOs). It develops a SCOs-enabled blockchain oracles (SCOs-BOs) framework. To instantiate this framework, the system architecture of a blockchain-enabled construction supply chain management (BCSCM) system is developed and validated using a case study, whereby four primary smart contracts are examined in the context of off-site logistics and on-site assembly services. The validation results show that accurate data is retrieved against malicious data in each request, and the corresponding reputation scores are successfully recorded. The innovativeness of the research lies in two aspects. In addition to mobilizing SCOs as blockchain oracles to bridge the on-chain and off-chain worlds, it develops a decentralized SCO network to avoid the single point of failure (SPoF) problem widely existing in blockchain systems. This study contributes to existing research and practice to harness the power of blockchain in construction.
Keywords: Blockchain | Oracles | Smart contract | Supply chain management | Smart construction objects | Prefabricated construction
مقاله انگلیسی
5 A brief review on recent development of multidisciplinary engineering in fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
مروری کوتاه بر توسعه اخیر مهندسی چند رشته ای در تخمیر ساکارومایسس سرویزیه-2021
Fermentation technology has unprecedented potential to upgrade state-of-art biotechnology and refine the processes used in existing ones, taking into account of complex technical, economic and environmental factors. Given the economic importance and ongoing challenges of biotech sector, multidisciplinary engineering technologies is poised to become an increasingly important tool along with the emergence of modern technology and innovation. This article reviews recent technology advancement in the field of fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Interesting research progress has been made by leveraging multiple engineering fields such as electrical engineering, information engineering, electrochemical engineering and new material development, leading to recent development of novel real-time probes (electronic nose technology, analysis of yeast morphology and metabolites, timely control of glucose feed), improved understanding of electro-fermentation (enhanced electronic transfer provision), as well as application of cost-effective and sustainable materials (bioreactor vessel manufactured from textile, and yeast immobilization support matrix made from abundant natural biomass). To the best of our knowledge, the subject is reviewed for the first time in recent years. Furthermore, this review also constitutes a futuristic S. cerevisiae fermentation process based on the recent advancement discussed.
Keywords: Probes | Bioprocess | Electro-fermentation | Materials | Process analytical technology
مقاله انگلیسی
6 Exploring the emergence of lock-in in large-scale projects: A process view
کاوش در ظهور قفل شدن در پروژه های مقیاس بزرگ: نمای فرآیند-2020
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the emergence of lock-in in large-scale projects. Although large-scale projects have been studied for decades, most studies have applied economic or psychological perspectives to emphasize decision-making processes at the project front-end. Of those studies, some have focused on poor decision-making due to lock-in and the escalating commitments of decision-makers to ineffective courses of action. However, little is known about the way that project decisions are affected by organizational and interorganizational contexts and the actors involved. Understanding decisions from a process viewpoint with a long-term (inter-) organizational perspective will lead to a better understanding of lock-in and the overall performance of large-scale projects. This qualitative research is based on a case study. The research setting is the multi-actor Madrid–Barcelona High-Speed rail Line (HSL) project in Spain. Through observations, interviews, several project documents, and report analysis, we explore the processual nature of the choices made during the course of the project. We consider the contextual conditions that give rise or support the emergence of lock-in in relation to pre- and post-project effects, institutional influences, and management practices that create action spaces at the project level. Our findings suggest that lock-in emergence requires the recognition of the long-term (inter-) organizational perspective regarding mechanisms and effects rather than confining decisions to the individual or single actor control in the front-end of projects. Based on organizational theory, the main contribution of this paper is to enrich our understanding of the emergence of lock-in using process theories.
Keywords: Lock-in | Path dependence and creation | The decision-making process | Large-scale projects | Temporary inter-organizational setting | Process theory
مقاله انگلیسی
7 Exploring levels of ICT adoption and sustainability – The case of local governments from Poland
کاوش در سطوح پذیرش و پایداری ICT - مورد دولت های محلی از لهستان-2020
This study is a part research on the contribution of information and communication technologies (ICT) adoption by local governments to sustainability [1–3]. Its main purpose is to assess the levels of ICT adoption and sustainability in the context of local governments. ICT adoption by local governments is shaped by ICT outlay, information culture, ICT management, and ICT quality, whereas sustainability in local governments is shaped by ecological, economic, sociocultural, and political sustainability. This study employs a quantitative approach and descriptive statistics to evaluate the levels of ICT adoption and sustainability. The survey questionnaire was used and data collected from 118 local government units were analyzed. The research findings revealed that the adoption of electronic delivery boxes and security of back-office systems were at the highest level in local governments, whereas the adoption of EDMS (electronic document management systems), BI (business intelligence) and ERP (enterprise resources planning) systems were at the lowest level. Furthermore, the highest level of ICT adoption was specific for the information and ICT security regulations, and the standard ICT solutions developed for local governments by national governments, whereas the lowest level was specific for the adoption of latest management concepts by local governments and the alignment between information society strategy and ICT adoption. Moreover, employees’ personal mastery, employees’ creativity, and incentives systems used to engage employees in adopting ICT and enhancing their competences were at the very low level.© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0)Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the KES International.
Keywords: Type your keywords here | separated by semicolons ;
مقاله انگلیسی
8 Exploring frugal innovation in social entrepreneurship:: Insights from emerging economies
کاوش نوآوری صرفه جو در کارآفرینی اجتماعی :: بینشی از اقتصادهای نو ظهور-2020
Social entrepreneurshipinemergingeconomies isfraught with challenges concerning the availability of financial resources such as favorable credit terms, availability of human resources, and profit-making potential of new ventures, among others. Collectively, these conditions make undertaking entrepreneurial ventures difficult. As such, it is paradoxical that such adverse economic and institutional conditions in emerging economies also provide social entrepreneurs with opportunities to deliver social value. Research suggests that social entrepreneurial initiatives such as Jaipur foot in India and liter of light in Nigeria have overcome economic, social, and institutional constraints to create social value through frugal innovation. Yet as a scholarship, we have a limited understanding of the processes through which these frugal innovations emerge and how they enable social entrepreneurship in the context of emerging economies.
مقاله انگلیسی
9 Learning from abroad: An interdisciplinary exploration of knowledge transfer in the transport domain
یادگیری از خارج از کشور: کاوش میان رشته ای در انتقال دانش در حوزه حمل و نقل-2020
A growing body of work conceptualizes study visits or study tours as a tool to accelerate policy transfer of, for example, best practices. Participation in study tours appears increasingly common for city management and decision makers involved in transportation policy. This paper extends current research to explore how knowledge gained from study tours transfers to an organizational or inter-organizational level. We aim to generate insights about specific characteristics of study tours that facilitate knowledge transfer. To do so, this study conceptualizes study tours as “trainings”, borrowing concepts and metrics from human resource development (HRD) literature on “learning transfer”. We employ a mixed-method approach. A survey was conducted (n = 109) with US-based city management and officials who participated in study tours on cycling policies. Results demonstrate four influential characteristics of study tours: individual learning, leadership participation, knowledge integration activities, and positive group dynamics. In-depth interviews (n = 15) suggest nuances of these mechanisms. The paper concludes with a reflection of how transportation organizations learn from study tours.
Keywords: Knowledge transfer | Study tours | Cycling | Transport policy | Capacity building
مقاله انگلیسی
10 An effective maximum entropy exploration approach for deceptive game in reinforcement learning
یک رویکرد اکتشاف حداکثر آنتروپی موثر برای بازی فریبنده در یادگیری تقویتی-2020
Deceptive games are games that utilize the reward structure to keep the agent away from the global optimization and have been grown up to become a huge challenge in the field of deep reinforcement learning intelligent exploration. Most of the cutting-edge exploration approaches, such as count-based and curiosity-driven, even with intrinsic motivation, which achieves better performance in the sparse re- ward game, still easily fall into local optimal traps in the deceptive game. To address this shortfall, we introduce a further exploration approach called Maximum Entropy Explore (MEE). Based on entropy re- wards and the off-policy actor-critic reinforcement learning algorithm, we divided the agent exploration policy into two independent parts, namely, the target policy and the explorer policy. The explorer policy, taking the maximum entropy of the target policy as the optimization goal, is used to interact with the environment and generated trajectories for the target policy. The target policy regards the maximization of external reward as the optimization goal to achieve the global solution. To alleviate the catastrophic forgetting problem which leads to the training of the agent not stabilized during the off-policy explo- ration phrase, the optimal experience replay is applied. An on-policy mode switch trick is used to validly prevent the unstable and diverge which caused by the deadly triad. We conduct experiments comparing our approach with state-of-the-art deep reinforcement learning algorithm and exploration methods in the grid world and StarCraft II environments with deceptive reward. The experiment indicates that the MME approach sets out to be in the present paper effectively avoids the deceptive reward trap and learns the global optimal strategy.
Keywords: Deep reinforcement learning | Deceptive game | Maximum entropy explorer approach | Experience replay | On-policy switch
مقاله انگلیسی
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